Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Blanka Pekárová-Kyněrová Author-Name: Miroslava Kutíková Title: Preparation and use of monoclonal antibodies to detect Phytophthora nicotianae var. nicotianae Abstract: A monoclonal antibody (MAb 18) was prepared against purified mycelial proteins from Phytophthora nicotianae var. nicotianae. The specificity of MAb 18 (lgG class) was tested using indirect ELISA (PTA-ELISA).It cross-reacted with Phytophthora cacto­ rum, P. cinrzamomi, P. cryptogea, P. fragariae) but not with other fungi (Fusarium oxysporum, Pythium ultimwn and P. oligan­ drwn) and bacteria (Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis) isolated from tomato. Phytophthora nicotianae var. nicotianae was detected in roots and basal stems of artificially infected young tomato plants using indirect ELISA and immunoprinting. Keywords: Phytophthora nicotianae var. nicotianae, monoclonal antibodies, indirect ELISA, immunoprinting, tomato Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 41-46 Volume: 35 Issue: 2 Year: 1999 DOI: 10.17221/9673-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/9673-PPS.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:35:y:1999:i:2:id:9673-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Josef Vacke Author-Name: Radim Cibulka Title: Silky bent grass (Apera spica-venti [L.] Beauv.) - a new host and reservoir of wheat dwarf virus Abstract: Wheat dwart virus (WDV) was detected by serological assays and transmission tests in samples of silky bent grass (Apera spica-venti [L.] Beauv.) that were taken in the field and showed signs of dwarfing, leaf yellowing and inflorescence reduction. This grass species is a new WDV host, not described until now. Transmission tests indicated that this grass is an efficeint source of infection for the vector of the virus, the leafhopper Psammotettix alienus Dahlb. Surveys at nine localities revealed a medium to high incidence of WDV in silky bent grass, which is a weed species frequently infesting cereal stands in the Czech Republic. As a natural reservoir of the virus this grass can play an important role in its epidemiology. Keywords: wheat dwarf virus, silky bent grass, reservoir in nature Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 47-50 Volume: 35 Issue: 2 Year: 1999 DOI: 10.17221/9674-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/9674-PPS.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:35:y:1999:i:2:id:9674-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pavel Bartoš Author-Name: Eva Stuchlíková Title: Wheat leaf rust races/pathotypes in the Czech Republic in 1997-1998 Abstract: In 1997-1998 virulence of the wheat leaf rust population was studied on Thatcher near isogenic lines with Lr1, Lr2a, Lr2b, Lr2c, Lr3. Lr9, Lrll, Lrl5, Lrl7, Lrl9, Lr21, Lr23, Lr24, Lr26 and Lr28. On these NILs 11 pathotypes were determined in 1997, and 8 inl998. All rust samples were avirulent onLr9, Lr19, Lr24 and Lr28.There was a relatively low frequency of virulence on Lrl, Lr2a and Lr2b. Most rust samples were virulent on Lr2c, Lr11, Lr15, Lr17, Lr23 and Lr26. All samples were virulent on Lr3 and Lr21. The identified pathotypes conformed with races 61SaBa*, 77SaBa, 2SaBa, 12SaBa, 57SaBa, 6SaBa, 61*, 77 and 6. Races 61SaBa*, 77SaBa and 2SaBa prevailed in 1997, races 61 SaBa*, 77SaBa and 12SaBa were prevalent in 1998. Races 6 and 6SaBa were found for the first time. Data on Lr genes in recently registered winter wheat cultivars are presented. Keywords: Puccinia persistens subsp. triticina, syn. Puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici, pathotypes, physiologic races, Lr-genes, wheat, registered cultivars, Czech Republic Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 51-56 Volume: 35 Issue: 2 Year: 1999 DOI: 10.17221/9675-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/9675-PPS.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:35:y:1999:i:2:id:9675-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Karel Klem Title: Virulence analyses of the powdery mildew population on wheat in the Czech Republic in 1995-1998 Abstract: In 1995-1998, the frequency of selected virulences in the powdery mildew ( Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici ) population on wheat in the Czech Republic was investigated. Samples of conidia were collected by a mobile version of a spore-trap. A total of 1739 one-colony isolates were analysed on a set of five varieties as differentials. High frequencies (> 50%) were found for virulences Vm2, Vm3a, Vm5 and Vml7, lower frequencies(< 50%) for combinations Vm9,2,1 and Vm2,6 and for Vm4b. There were no significant changes in virulence frequencies except for genes Vm5 and Vm9,2,1 that showed one-year variations. Differences between the eastern part (Moravia) and western part (Bohemia) of the Czech Republic were mostly insignificant for most exam­ ined genes. A significantly higher virulence frequency was found in Moravia for genes Vm3a (in 1995) and Vml7 (in 1996), and in Bohemia for the combination Vm9,2,1 (in 1995). A significant correlation (tested by Kendall's tau B values) existed between Vm2 and Vm5 in 1997 and 1998, and between Vm4b and Vm5 in 1995 and 1998. Values of gametic disequilibrium were also studied. Changes in the complexity of isolate virulence were determined to be small and showed no definite trend. Keywords: Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici, syn. Erysiphe graminis f. sp. tritici, virulence, wheat, population, Czech Republic Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 57-62 Volume: 35 Issue: 2 Year: 1999 DOI: 10.17221/9676-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/9676-PPS.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:35:y:1999:i:2:id:9676-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yahya Takish Author-Name: Slavoj Vaverka Title: Effectiveness of fungicides against head blight of wheat caused by Fusarium culmorum Abstract: Fungicides were tested in 1996 and 1997 for their efficacy to control Fusarium culmorum after inoculation of winter wheat in the early flowering stage. The best results were achieved with metconazole and a mixture of tebuconazole with triadimefon or triadi­ menol. Good results were achieved with epoxiconazole, cyproconazole, flusilazol and bromuconazole. Keywords: Fusarium culmorum, head blight, winter wheat, fungicides Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 63-66 Volume: 35 Issue: 2 Year: 1999 DOI: 10.17221/9677-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/9677-PPS.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:35:y:1999:i:2:id:9677-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Helena Havlíčková Author-Name: Vojtěch Holubec Title: Abundance of cereal aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) within wild Triticum and Aegi­lops spp., and cultivated wheat Abstract: Accessions of the wild Triticum species: T. boeticum, T. dicoccoides, T. urartu, and the Aegilops species: Ae. columnaris, Ae. geniculata, Ae. markgrafii, Ae. neglecta and Ae. triuncialis in the collection of the Gene Bank of RICP Prague-Ruzyně, with T. aestivum cv. Sandra as control, were evaluated for cereal aphid occurrence in the open during 1995-1998 period. The cereal aphid species Rhopalosiphum padi (RP), Metopolophium dirhodum (MD) and Sitobion avenae (SA) were predominant on the plants. Variations in the abundance of individual aphid species in each year were found. The results from 1997, the optimal year for aphid occurrence, showed differences between both aphid and plant species. RP significantly dominated in Triticum species, while SA preferred Aegilops accessions. A significant negative correlation was found between RP and MD densities in the Triti­ cum spp., while MD and SA occurrence showed a negative relation to that of RP and SA in the Aegilops accessions. The individual aphid species showed a similar pattern of infestation in several genomically close accessions. Keywords: cereal aphids, abundance, Metopolophium dirhodum, Rhopalosiphum padi, Sitobion avenae, wild Triticum spp., Aegilops spp Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 67-70 Volume: 35 Issue: 2 Year: 1999 DOI: 10.17221/9678-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/9678-PPS.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:35:y:1999:i:2:id:9678-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jindra Štolcová Author-Name: Alois Honěk Title: Early weed succession on an abandoned field: vegetation composition and production of biomass Abstract: We investigated the early stage (second to fourth year) of weed succession on an experimental fallow field in central Bohemia (western Czech Republic). The experimental ground was ploughed in the autumn, harrowed and rolled in the spring, and divided into 5 x 5 m plots. In the control the weed stands were left intact, the other variants were mowed with or without cultivation of the superficial soil layer in June and July. The position of the plots and the treatments were the same each year. The production of aboveground biomass and proportion of monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous annuals and perennials in different years (1993 to 1995) were recorded. The production of biomass (the aboveground crop of weeds in September) was highest in the controls with no treatment. In mowed or cultivated plots the total biomass production (the sum of biomass at the time of the treatment plus biomass re-grown after the treatment) was greater when the treatment was made in July than in June. In the second year of succession, the biomass of annuals was greater than that of perennials. From the third year on, perennial dicotyledonous species became the dominant weed community, in controls as well as on mowed or superficially cultivated plots. The rate of increase of the proportion of dicotyledonous perennial weeds was greatest in mowed plus superficially cultivated plots, intermediate in the controls, and lowest in plots where the weeds were only mowed. Keywords: fallow field, weeds, monocotyledonous plants, dicotyledonous plants, perennial, annual, succession Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 71-76 Volume: 35 Issue: 2 Year: 1999 DOI: 10.17221/9679-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/9679-PPS.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:35:y:1999:i:2:id:9679-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Václav Kůdela Author-Name: Zdenko Polák Title: The sixty-fifth birthday of Prof. Dr. Anton J. Novacky, CSc.Ing. Josef Vacke, CSc., sedmdesátníkem Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 77-78 Volume: 35 Issue: 2 Year: 1999 DOI: 10.17221/9680-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/9680-PPS.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:35:y:1999:i:2:id:9680-PPS