Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Iveta Pánková Author-Name: Blanka Kokošková Title: Serological and biochemical distinguishing of Pseudomonas syringae pathovars on peas Abstract: Polyclonal antisera to detect and determine two related pathovars, Pseudomonas syringae pv. pisi and Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae, were prepared Untreated bacterial cells, or fixed by formaldehyde or glutaraldehyde were used as antigens. After cross-absorption with heterologous antigens, antisera revealed a high level of specificity in slide agglutination, Ouchterlony gel double-diffusion and in DAS-ELISA and PTA-ELISA. Each of 14 P s. pisi prepared polyclonal antisera could detect and deter­ mine all strains of P s. pisi, regardless of race. PTA-ELISA was the most appropriate serological test to distinguish Pseudomonas syringae pathovars on peas. Most of the P s. pisi strains from foreign collections were in serological tests confirmed asP. s. pisi, while most of the Czech strains suspected as P s. pisi were determined as P s. syringae strains. The principal biochemical reaction, i.e., use of DL-homoserine as a carbon source to grow P s. pisi but not P s. syringae , was proved not to be sufficiently reliable to distinguish both pathovars. Keywords: bacterial blight of peas, Pseudomonas syringae pv. pisi, Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae: slide agglutination, Ouchterlony gel double-diffusion, ELISA Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 79-84 Volume: 35 Issue: 3 Year: 1999 DOI: 10.17221/9703-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/9703-PPS.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:35:y:1999:i:3:id:9703-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pavel Bartoš Author-Name: Jozef Huszár Author-Name: Eva Herzová Title: Virulence of wheat leaf rust in Slovakia in 1997-1998 Abstract: In 1997-1998 virulence of the leaf rust population was studied on near isogenic Thatcher lines with the genes for resistance Lr1, Lr2a, Lr2b, Lr2c, Lr3, Lr9, Lrll, Lr15, Lr/7, Lr19, Lr21, Lr23, Lr24, Lr26 and Lr28, and on the standard differentials Mala­ koff, Carina, Brevit, Webster, Loros, Mediterranean, Hussar, Democrat and the supplemental cultivar Salzmtinder Bartweizen. All 55 analyzed rust samples were avirulent on Lr9, Lr19, Lr24 and Lr28.On the standard differentials, races 61SaBa, 77SaBa, 77/57SaBa, 2SaBa, 77, 12SaBa, 62SaBa, 6, 6SaBa and 14 were determined. Races 61SaBa and 77SaBa (77/57SaBa) prevailed in both years. Races 6 and 6SaBa were found for the first time. The effectiveness of leaf rust resistance genes in registered cultivars under field conditions in variety trials is discussed. Keywords: Puccinia persisrens subsp. triticina, syn. Puccinia recondita f. sp. tritici, pathotypes, physiologic races, Lr genes, winter wheat, inscripted cultivars, Slovakia Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 85-92 Volume: 35 Issue: 3 Year: 1999 DOI: 10.17221/9704-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/9704-PPS.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:35:y:1999:i:3:id:9704-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jaroslav Polák Title: Occurrence of plum pox virus in plums, myrobalans, blackthorns, apricots and peaches in South Moravia along the Austrian border Abstract: A survey on the occurrence of plum pox virus (PPV) in plums, myrobalans, blackthorns, apricots and peaches was carried out in the South Moravian region along the Austrian border. Results of tests by ELISA and evaluation of PPV symptoms showed only scattered or isolated occurrence of PPV. This situation can be used for gradual elimination of PPV in the South Moravian region. Keywords: pl um pox virus, distribution, sources of infection, plum, myrobalan, blackthorn, apricot, peach, South Moravia Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 93-95 Volume: 35 Issue: 3 Year: 1999 DOI: 10.17221/9705-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/9705-PPS.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:35:y:1999:i:3:id:9705-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Josef Hýsek Author-Name: Marie Váňová Author-Name: Jana Hajšlová Author-Name: Zuzana Radová Author-Name: Jana Koutecká Author-Name: Ludvík Tvarůžek Title: Fusarloses of barley with emphasis on the content of trichothecene Abstract: The infestation of barley grains by fungi of the genus Fusarium was studied on malting barley from Kromei'iz (360 samples) and one sample from Kojet!n in Czech Republic. Most frequent species in the season 1997-1998 were: F. culmorum (over 70% of the isolates), F. poae (over 20% of the isolates), F. avenaceum (over 2%). Much less frequent were: F. stilboides v. stilboides, F. aqaeductum v. aqaeductum, F. merismoides v. merismoides and F. gigas. The isolates of F. culmorum were highly pathogenic when barley was artificially inoculated; those of F. poae had low pathogenity. Five varieties of spring barley at growth stage 1-5 on the Feekes scale reacted to F. culmorum as follows: I) Tolar (most resistant), 2) Akcent, Lumar and Rubfn (intermediate), 3) Krona (most susceptible). An application of fungicides on a plot inoculated with F. avenaceum and F. graminearum increased the yield of grain by 0.46 to 1.71 t/ha. Most effective fungicides against the pathogens were: metconazole, tebuconazole and prochloraz. The effect of the combination tebuconazole + triadimefon + prochloraz was found to be most effective. For determi­ nation of six trichothecene mycotoxins in fungal mycelium, macroconidia and spring barley, high resolution capillary gas chro­ matography with electron capture detection was used. Only toxin T-2 and nivalenol (NIV) were detected in fungal mycelium, and a low level of NIV was found in spring barley, variety Rubfn (lower than legislated limit- 2 mglkg of cereals). Keywords: spring barley, Fusarium culmorum, F. poae, F. graminearum, F. avenaceum, inoculation, variety resistance, effectivness of fungicides, mycotoxins Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 96-102 Volume: 35 Issue: 3 Year: 1999 DOI: 10.17221/9706-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/9706-PPS.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:35:y:1999:i:3:id:9706-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Zdenka Martínková Author-Name: Alois Honěk Author-Name: František Pudil Title: Seed size and dormancy in Rumex obtusifolius Abstract: We tested the hypothesis, suggested by literature data, that in Rumex obtusifolius L. the germination of matured seeds harvested from dry standing shoots and achene morphology are correlated. In these seed materials the level of germination is determined by the incidence of primary seed dormancy. The regression of the percentage of germinating seeds on achene, perianth and seed size and mass were calculated for seed materials of 30 plants. The materials in which achene morphology was investigated were selected ex post from a set of seed materials of 241 plants to cover the range of variation of germinability of individual plants which was between 0-66%. There was no relationship between any characteristic of achene quality and germination except for a positive correlation between germination percentage and achene mass calculated only for seed materials of plants which pro­ duced germinable seeds (i.e. when plants with 0% germination were excluded from the analysis). The second part of the study investigated the effects of size variation on germinability among seeds harvested from one plant and after removal from the perianth. This variation was tested using sets of 20 size-assorted groups of 50 seeds, each originating from a particular plant; materials from six plants were tested. There were significant differences in the average germination between plants. However, in the material from the same plant there was no consistent relationship between seed mass and percentage of germination. We conclude that there exists no direct relationship between achene, perianth or seed size or mass and incidence of primary seed dormancy. Keywords: Rumex obtusifolius, broad leaved dock, germination, dormancy, seed, achene, size Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 103-107 Volume: 35 Issue: 3 Year: 1999 DOI: 10.17221/9707-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/9707-PPS.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:35:y:1999:i:3:id:9707-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ľudovít Cagáň Author-Name: Vladimír Uhlík Title: Pathogenicity of Beauveria bassiana strains isolated from Ostrinia nubilalis Hbn. (Lepidopte­ra: Pyralidae) to original host and to ladybirds (Coleoptera: Coccinelidae) Abstract: B. bassiana strains isolated from 0. nubilalis were tested against the larvae of 0. nubilalis and coccinellid beetles in laboratory conditions (25°C). The first dead 0. nubilalis larvae were observed 48 hours after the application. During the first five days after the application, the efficiency of spore suspension was significantly higher than the efficiency of dry spore formulation. Spore suspension killed more than 50% of larvae after 72, or 96 hours. After dry spore formulation was used, more than 50% of larvae were killed during 96, or 120 hours. B. bassiana killed 50% of coccinellid larvae during 48 hours. After anot her 24 hours 83.3% (strain SK78), or 100% (strain SK99) coccinellid larvae were killed by fungus. More than 50% of dead adults of Coccinella septempunctata L. and Propylea quattuordecimptmctata (L.) was found 72-120 hours after application of fungus. This mea ns that B. bassiana was not adapted specifically to original host and killed effectively the adults and larvae of Coccinellidae. Different behaviour probably allows the coccinellids to escape from fungal infection in natural conditions Keywords: Beauveria bassiana, Ostrinia nubilalis, Coccinella septempunctata, Propylea quattuordecimpunctata, pathogenic­ity of Beauveria strains Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 108-112 Volume: 35 Issue: 3 Year: 1999 DOI: 10.17221/9708-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/9708-PPS.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:35:y:1999:i:3:id:9708-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pavel Ryšánek Title: C.E. Taylor, D.J.F. Brown: Nematode Vectors of Plant VIrusse Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 113 Volume: 35 Issue: 3 Year: 1999 DOI: 10.17221/9709-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/9709-PPS.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:35:y:1999:i:3:id:9709-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Josef Šedivý Title: J. Patočka, A. Krištín, J. Kulfan, P. Zach: Die Eichnschädlinge und ihre Feinde Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 114 Volume: 35 Issue: 3 Year: 1999 DOI: 10.17221/9710-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/9710-PPS.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:35:y:1999:i:3:id:9710-PPS