Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pavel Bartoš Author-Name: Jozef Huszár Author-Name: Alena Hanzalová Author-Name: Eva Herzová Title: Wheat leaf rust races/pathotypes in Slovakia in 1999-2000 Abstract: Virulence of the wheat leaf rust populations of 1999 and 2000 from Slovakia was studied on Thatcher near-isogenic lines (NILs) with genes Lr1, Lr2a, Lr2b, Lr2c, Lr3a, Lr9, Lr10 (only in 2000), Lr11, Lr15, Lr17, Lr19, Lr21, Lr23, Lr24, Lr26 and Lr28. Seven pathotypes were determined from 36 rust samples in 1999, and 17 pathotypes from 45 rust samples in 2000. The frequency of virulence on Lr1, Lr2a and Lr2b was relatively low, and there was no virulence on Lr9, Lr19, Lr24 and Lr28. The frequency of virulence on Lr2c, Lr15, Lr23 and Lr26 varied between 53.0 and 97.8%. All isolates were virulent on Lr3, Lr11, Lr17 and Lr21. The identified pathotypes conformed with races 61SaBa, 57SaBa, 12SaBa, 6SaBa, 77SaBa, 6, 61 and 2SaBa. In 1999 races 61SaBa, 77SaBa and 57SaBa prevailed, in 2000 races 61SaBa, 57SaBa, 12SaBa, 6SaBa and 77SaBa were prevalent. Data on the reactions of 18 cultivars and advanced lines to six rust isolates of 2000 representing different pathotypes and to one isolate from the collection (race 14) are presented. Keywords: Puccinia persistens subsp. triticina, syn. Puccinia recondita f.sp.tritici, pathotypes, (physiologic) races, Lr genes, winter wheat, variety resistance, Slovak Republic Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 81-90 Volume: 37 Issue: 3 Year: 2001 DOI: 10.17221/8369-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/8369-PPS.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:37:y:2001:i:3:id:8369-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Josef Šebesta Author-Name: Bruno Zwatz Author-Name: Hywel W. Roderick Author-Name: Luciana Corazza Author-Name: Maria Halina Starzyk Author-Name: Lars Reitan Author-Name: Igor Loskutov Title: Incidence of Pyrenophora avenae Ito et Kurib. in Europe between 1994-1998, and the varietal reaction of oats to it Abstract: In Europe in the period 1994-1998, Helminthosporium leaf blotch disease was recorded in Austria, Belarus, Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Estonia, Finland, Hungary, Italy, Norway, Poland, Russia and Yugoslavia. There was large variation in the quantitative reaction of oat (Avena sativa L.) genotypes to this disease, ranging from a disease resistance index (DRI) of 71 with cv. Kasadra to 16 with cv. Pan. Oat genotypes such as Kasadra, Pc 60, Pc 61, IL 86-6404, IL 86-1158, Rodney M, Pg 15, Cc 4761, Vermiou, Roxton, IL 85-6467, IL 85-2069, Pc 54-2, Orlando, OM 1387, Pc 59, KR 3813/73, IL 86-4189, Pc 68, Melys, OA 503-1, KR 288/73L/569, POB 1429/93, Pg l6, Pc 55 and Pc 56 had a consistently high disease resistance index. On the other hand, some had a low index which confirms the existence of pathogenic specialization of the causal fungus Pyrenophora avenae Ito et Kurib. Despite the absence of detailed analyses of the reaction of oats to the pathogen, it seems feasible to breed for resistance to the disease. Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 91-95 Volume: 37 Issue: 3 Year: 2001 DOI: 10.17221/8370-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/8370-PPS.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:37:y:2001:i:3:id:8370-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alois Honěk Author-Name: Zdenka Martinková Title: Aggregation of ground beetles (Carabidae, Coleoptera) on winter rape seeds dispersed on the ground Abstract: The preference of adult polyphagous ground beetles (Carabidae, Coleoptera) for winter rape seeds was investigated using an indirect method. Rape seeds were scattered around pitfall traps. The catches of carabid beetles in these traps and control traps without seeds were compared. The traps were exposed in two stands of winter wheat. In the wheat stand where overall carabid activity density was high, the presence of rape seeds significantly increased the catches of total seed-eating carabids, and of the two species Pseudoophonus rufipes and Calathus fuscipes. The effect was not significant in the other wheat stand where activity density was low. The aggregation of carabids at places with winter rape seeds indicated the importance of carabid predation on seeds scattered on the ground. Keywords: winter rape, seeds, predation, activity density, Carabidae, Pseudoophonus rufipes Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 97-102 Volume: 37 Issue: 3 Year: 2001 DOI: 10.17221/8371-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/8371-PPS.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:37:y:2001:i:3:id:8371-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pavel Saska Author-Name: Vojtěch Jarošík Title: Laboratory study of larval food requirements in nine species of Amara (Coleoptera: Cara-bidae) Abstract: Food requirements of the larvae of nine closely related species of the genus Amara (Coleoptera: Carabidae) were studied in the laboratory. Mealworms, a mixed diet of mealworms and oat flakes, and seeds of Capsella bursa-pastoris and Stellaria media were offered as food. Survival and developmental rate were monitored daily from the 1st larval instar. Amara aenea is omnivorous while A. similata and A. familiaris are granivorous in the larval stage. Larvae of A. familiaris appeared to be specialist feeders of seeds of Stellaria media. The larvae of all three species are probably important predators of weed seeds. Food specialization of the other species remained uncertain. The origin of granivory in the genus Amara is discussed. It is considered to be an apomorphic character of some species. Keywords: Amara, larvae, food requirements, weed-seeds, origin of granivory Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 103-110 Volume: 37 Issue: 3 Year: 2001 DOI: 10.17221/8372-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/8372-PPS.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:37:y:2001:i:3:id:8372-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Radek Fejt Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Crop Production, Division of Plant Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Eva Žďárková Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Crop Production, Division of Plant Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Bionomics of Acarus siro L. (Acarina: Acaridae) on oilseeds Abstract: The bionomics of Acarus siro was studied at 18 and 20°C and 70 and 80% R.H. on wheat germs, linseed, rapeseed and sunflowers to obtain data for optimisation of biological control of stored product mites on oilseeds. Wheat germs were used as a control substrate as they were considered optimal for development of A. siro. The development of eggs and larvae was longer than that of protonymphs and tritonymphs. Wheat germs appeared to be a better substrate for the development of mites than oilseeds. Generally, the life span of females as well as the oviposition period was shortest on wheat germs while longest on sunflower; also, at the higher temperature the female life span was shorter. The maximum number of eggs laid by a single female (356) was recorded on wheat germs at 20°C and 80% R.H. The development was significantly shorter at 20°C than at 18°C regardless of humidity. There were no significant differences between the effects of the tested oilseeds. Keywords: Acarus siro, bionomics, oilseeds Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 111-114 Volume: 37 Issue: 3 Year: 2001 DOI: 10.17221/8373-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/8373-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-200103-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:37:y:2001:i:3:id:8373-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Daniela Chodová Author-Name: Jan Mikulka Title: Sensitivity of kochia (Kochia scoparia [L.] Schrader) from three localities to selected sulfonylureas, imazapyr and atrazine Abstract: The presence of kochia (Kochia scoparia [L.] Schrader) was discovered at three new localities with different histories of imazapyr use. At the locality Jihlava, kochia was resistant to imazapyr and cross resistant to nine sulfonylureas after long-term applications of imazapyr. At Ћiћkov and Karlín most kochia plants were sensitive to all tested sulfonylureas. Plants showed the highest level of resistance to triflusulfuron. Plants of all three populations were sensitive to atrazine. After treatment with all tested herbicides the fresh matter of aboveground parts of the populations at Žižkov and Kolín was reduced in comparison with the untreated control. Treatment with all sulfonylureas and imazapyr caused significant differences in the fresh matter of aboveground parts between the population at Jihlava and those at Karlín and Žižkov. Keywords: Kochia scoparia, sulfonylureas, imazapyr, atrazine, resistance to acetolactate synthase inhibitors, fresh and dry matter Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 115-120 Volume: 37 Issue: 3 Year: 2001 DOI: 10.17221/8374-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/8374-PPS.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:37:y:2001:i:3:id:8374-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jindra Štolcová Title: Seedling establishment early on an abandoned field Abstract: The effect of sporadic cultivation on seedling establishment on a field abandoned for 1-4 years was investigated in small-plot trials at Prague-Ruzyně in the spring periods 1993-1995. Cultivation included autumn ploughing, spring harrowing and rolling on all plots that were subsequently left to spontaneous weed infestation. Some plots were then mowed or shallowly cultivated in mid-June and late July, others were left without treatment. No significant differences in seedling establishment were found between plots with different treatments. The number of species varied between years, but without a trend to species enrichment or impoverishment. In all years most species were annuals, and species composition did not change in the course of the experiment. The dominant species were Amaranthus retroflexus, Lamium amplexicaule, Echinochloa crus-galli, Chenopodium album, Silene noctiflora and Thlaspi arvense. Species diversity during the experimental years increased due to decreasing dominance of A. retroflexus. Keywords: fallow field, agrotechnical practices, soil cultivation, seedling recruitment, soil disturbance, abundance, species composition, diversity Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 121-127 Volume: 37 Issue: 3 Year: 2001 DOI: 10.17221/8375-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/8375-PPS.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:37:y:2001:i:3:id:8375-PPS