Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Monika Ambrozková Author-Workplace-Name: 2 2 ALENA HANZALOVÁ and PAVEL BARTOŠ Author-Name: Francoise Dedryver Author-Workplace-Name: 2 2 ALENA HANZALOVÁ and PAVEL BARTOŠ Author-Name: Veronika Dumalasová Author-Workplace-Name: 2 2 ALENA HANZALOVÁ and PAVEL BARTOŠ Author-Name: Alena Hanzalová Author-Workplace-Name: 2 2 ALENA HANZALOVÁ and PAVEL BARTOŠ Author-Name: Pavel Bartoš Author-Workplace-Name: 2 2 ALENA HANZALOVÁ and PAVEL BARTOŠ Title: Determination of the cluster of wheat rust resistance genes Yr17, Lr37, and Sr38 by a molecular marker Abstract: A translocation from Aegilops ventricosa carrying genes Yr17, Lr37 and Sr38 was verified in cultivars Hussar, Eureka, Torfrida, Renan, Rendezvous, Rapier and Brigadier by the molecular marker SCARSC-Y15. Of the cultivars recently registered in the Czech Republic, only the western European cultivars Corsaire, Apache, Complet and Bill possessed the translocation carrying Yr17, Lr37 and Sr38. Cultivars Corsaire, Apache, Bill and Complet were highly or medium resistant to yellow rust and leaf rust in 1999-2001 field trials at Prague-Ruzyně, although virulence to Yr17 was found in the 2001 virulence survey also in the Czech Republic. Cultivars Corsaire, Apache and Bill displayed an above average resistance to stem rust, whereas Complet was susceptible. Keywords: rusts, wheat, resistance genes, Yr17, Lr37, Sr38, molecular marker Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 41-45 Volume: 38 Issue: 2 Year: 2002 DOI: 10.17221/4849-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4849-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-200202-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:38:y:2002:i:2:id:4849-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jan Nedělník Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Fodder Crops Ltd., Troubsko, Czech Republic Title: Damage to corn by fungi of the genus Fusarium and the presence of fusariotoxins Abstract: In 1998 and 1999 a total of 84 samples of corn, predominantly from localities in southern and central Moravia, were collected either directly from fields (entire ears at harvest maturity) or as grain from merchants. The objectives of the experiments were (a) to determine, on the basis of the results from mycological and toxicological analyses, the basic spectrum of fungal contaminants of corn in the Czech Republic with special reference to the genus Fusarium, and (b) to determine by enzyme immunoassay the presence of major toxic metabolites such as deoxynivalenol (DON), T-2 toxin (T-2), zearalenone (ZEA), and fumonisins (FUM) in grain samples. From naturally infected corn, representatives of seven fungal genera were isolated under in vitro conditions in both harvest years. Most frequent were species of the genus Fusarium (mean contamination of 44.6%). The next frequent genus was Stemphylium (29.3%). Eight species of Fusarium were found. In both years the most frequent species was Fusarium graminearum (1998 - 42.75%, 1999 - 41.8%), followed by F. culmorum. DON was found in 95.2% of the samples; its content ranged from 25 to 285 µg/kg. The content of T-2 varied more than that of DON, ranging from 12 to 875 µg/kg. Zearalenone content was more varied than that of the trichothecene-type compounds; 17% of the samples did not contain ZEA, the maximum content was 110 µg/kg. No FUM were found in 17% of the samples; in the others, FUM ranged from 12 to nearly 1000 µg/kg. Compared with the other three compounds, fumonisins showed generally the highest levels. Keywords: Fusarium spp., corn, mycotoxins, contamination, ELISA Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 46-54 Volume: 38 Issue: 2 Year: 2002 DOI: 10.17221/4848-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4848-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-200202-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:38:y:2002:i:2:id:4848-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jiřina Krátká Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Crop Production - Division of Plant Medicine, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: Blanka Pekárová-Kyněrová Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Crop Production - Division of Plant Medicine, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: Iva Kudlíková Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Crop Production - Division of Plant Medicine, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jakub Slováček Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Crop Production - Division of Plant Medicine, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: Michaela Zemánková Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Crop Production - Division of Plant Medicine, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Title: Utilisation of immunochemical methods for detection of Colletotrichum spp. in strawberry Abstract: Four polyclonal and two monoclonal antibodies were prepared and tested to detect a quarantine pathogen of strawberry - Colletotrichum acutatum. Only one of them, polyclonal IgG K91, was sensitive enough to recognize the pathogen. This antibody was genus-specific and did not cross-react with several other fungal pathogens of strawberry (Phytophthora fragariae, P. cactorum, Verticillium albo-atrum, Botrytis cinerea, Pythium ultimum). Four techniques, PTA-ELISA, dot blot, immunoprint and immunofluorescent microscopy were used to test the specifity and sensitivity of antibodies. After artificial infection of strawberry (cvs Elsanta, Vanda, and Kama), Colletotrichum acutatum was detected by PTA-ELISA, dot blot and immunoprint in roots, crowns, petioles and fruits in the latent stage of the disease. For reliable detection in the latent stage it is recommended to use at least two of the mentioned techniques. Keywords: Colletotrichum acutatum, strawberry, pathogenicity, polyclonal antibodies, monoclonal antibodies, PTA-ELISA, immunoprint, dot blot, immunofluorescent microscopy Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 55-63 Volume: 38 Issue: 2 Year: 2002 DOI: 10.17221/4850-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4850-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-200202-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:38:y:2002:i:2:id:4850-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Miroslav Švec Author-Workplace-Name: 2 1 3 MIROSLAV ŠVEC , LÁSZLÓ SZUNICS , MARTA MIKLOVIČOVÁ , TATIANA SLOVÁKOVÁ , 4 4 VIERA TISOVÁ and PAVOL HAUPTVOGEL Author-Name: László Szunics Author-Workplace-Name: 2 1 3 MIROSLAV ŠVEC , LÁSZLÓ SZUNICS , MARTA MIKLOVIČOVÁ , TATIANA SLOVÁKOVÁ , 4 4 VIERA TISOVÁ and PAVOL HAUPTVOGEL Author-Name: Marta Miklovičová Author-Workplace-Name: 2 1 3 MIROSLAV ŠVEC , LÁSZLÓ SZUNICS , MARTA MIKLOVIČOVÁ , TATIANA SLOVÁKOVÁ , 4 4 VIERA TISOVÁ and PAVOL HAUPTVOGEL Author-Name: Tatiana Slováková Author-Workplace-Name: 2 1 3 MIROSLAV ŠVEC , LÁSZLÓ SZUNICS , MARTA MIKLOVIČOVÁ , TATIANA SLOVÁKOVÁ , 4 4 VIERA TISOVÁ and PAVOL HAUPTVOGEL Author-Name: Viera Tisová Author-Workplace-Name: 2 1 3 MIROSLAV ŠVEC , LÁSZLÓ SZUNICS , MARTA MIKLOVIČOVÁ , TATIANA SLOVÁKOVÁ , 4 4 VIERA TISOVÁ and PAVOL HAUPTVOGEL Author-Name: Pavol Hauptvogel Author-Workplace-Name: 2 1 3 MIROSLAV ŠVEC , LÁSZLÓ SZUNICS , MARTA MIKLOVIČOVÁ , TATIANA SLOVÁKOVÁ , 4 4 VIERA TISOVÁ and PAVOL HAUPTVOGEL Title: Identification of genes for resistanceto wheat powdery mildew in Hungarian, Polish and Slovak wheat cultivars Abstract: The objective of the study was to identify genes for resistance to powdery mildew in wheat cultivars and land races from Poland, Slovakia and Hungary. The presence and distribution of resistance genes was compared to powdery mildew virulence structure in these countries. The different strategies in breeding for resistance were expressed in a different distribution of resistance genes, especially among Polish and Hungarian cultivars. In 20 of the 29 Hungarian common wheat cultivars the resistance gene Pm8 was found. Of the 32 Polish cultivars investigated, 16 possess a combination of genes Pm2+6. Resistance gene Pm4b did not occur in any Hungarian cultivar tested, and resistance gene pm5 was not detected in any Polish cultivar. Virulence in wheat powdery mildew populations was influenced by differences in distribution of resistance genes in host genotypes. The most significant difference was found between Polish and Hungarian powdery mildew populations. The two populations differed mainly in virulence against Pm2. Resistance gene MlAr was detected in three old Slovak cultivars. Keywords: wheat, Triticum aestivum, powdery mildew, Blumeria graminis DC f.sp. tritici, resistance genes, virulence analysis Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 64-72 Volume: 38 Issue: 2 Year: 2002 DOI: 10.17221/4851-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4851-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-200202-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:38:y:2002:i:2:id:4851-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Josef Špak Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: Darina Kubelková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Virology, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Title: Field resistance of six cultivars of winter oilseed rape against Turnip yellow mosaic virus Abstract: The resistance of six cultivars of winter oilseed rape (SL 509, SL 507, Darmor, Solida, Jet Neuf, Silesia) against Turnip yellow mosaic virus was studied. The number of over-wintering plants and plants with symptoms of TYMV infection were monitored. All plants were tested by the double diffusion test in agar and by DAS-ELISA to prove infection. ELISA was the most sensitive method, revealing 32-76% of latent virus infections in individual cultivars. The results clearly illustrated that monitoring of plant symptoms is not sufficient to prove TYMV infection in the field and that sensitive, large scale methods like ELISA must be employed to obtain reliable data. Keywords: Turnip yellow mosaic virus, oilseed rape, Brassica, ELISA, serology Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 73-75 Volume: 38 Issue: 2 Year: 2002 DOI: 10.17221/4852-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4852-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-200202-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:38:y:2002:i:2:id:4852-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: František Kocourek Author-Workplace-Name: 1 Research Institute of Crop Production, Department of Entomology, Prague- Ruzynì, Czech Repub- lic; 2Palacky University, Department of Zoology, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 3Charles University, Department of Zoology, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Pavel Láska Author-Workplace-Name: 1 Research Institute of Crop Production, Department of Entomology, Prague- Ruzynì, Czech Repub- lic; 2Palacky University, Department of Zoology, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 3Charles University, Department of Zoology, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Vojtěch Jarošík Author-Workplace-Name: 1 Research Institute of Crop Production, Department of Entomology, Prague- Ruzynì, Czech Repub- lic; 2Palacky University, Department of Zoology, Olomouc, Czech Republic; 3Charles University, Department of Zoology, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Thermal requirements for flight of six species of flea beetle of the genus Phyllotreta (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Abstract: The flight activity of six species of the flea beetles of the genus Phyllotreta was monitored by means of yellow water traps in three years. The percentage composition of the total catch of adults made up of the species was 29.5% (P. vittula), 28.8% (P. atra), 17.5% (P. undulata), 12.8% (P. nigripes), 7.1% (P. vittata) and 4.3% (P. nemorum). The flight activity of each species had two peaks. The spring peak was made up of overwintering adults migrating to host plants, and the summer peak of newly emerged adults. A regression model of flight activity in both generations was established based on the sum of day degrees above the temperature threshold for flight (10.2°C). The onset of flight activity of adults of the overwintering generation in spring started at 30 day degrees, and that of the adults of the summer generation at 280 day degrees. These temperature requirements for flight activity indicate when best to inspect crops for effective pest management. Keywords: Phyllotreta vittula, P. undulata, P. nigripes, P. vittata, P. nemorum, cruciferous crops, yellow water traps, day degrees, temperature thresholds, regression models Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 76-80 Volume: 38 Issue: 2 Year: 2002 DOI: 10.17221/4865-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4865-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-200202-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:38:y:2002:i:2:id:4865-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kamil Hudec Author-Workplace-Name: 2 KAMIL HUDEC and TIBOR ROHÁČIK Author-Name: Tibor Roháčik Author-Workplace-Name: 2 KAMIL HUDEC and TIBOR ROHÁČIK Title: Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler - New pathogen on sugar beet leaf in Slovakia - New and Unusually Reports Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 81-82 Volume: 38 Issue: 2 Year: 2002 DOI: 10.17221/4854-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4854-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-200202-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:38:y:2002:i:2:id:4854-PPS