Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: James Ombiri Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Botany, Egerton University, Njoro, Kenya; 2Plant Pathology, Department of Author-Name: Volker Zinkernagel Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Botany, Egerton University, Njoro, Kenya; 2Plant Pathology, Department of Author-Name: Eliud M. Gathuru Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Botany, Egerton University, Njoro, Kenya; 2Plant Pathology, Department of Author-Name: Oliver Achwanya Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Botany, Egerton University, Njoro, Kenya; 2Plant Pathology, Department of Author-Name: Aleš Lebeda Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Botany, Egerton University, Njoro, Kenya; 2Plant Pathology, Department of Title: Induction of post-infection ethylene and its role in resistance of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) against Colletotrichum lindemuthianum Abstract: The influence of inoculation techniques on induction of post-infection ethylene production in susceptible and resistant genotypes of bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) inoculated with the kappa race of Colletotrichum lindemuthianum was studied. Three inoculation methods (brushing, dipping and spraying) of excised leaves were compared. The brushing technique caused both the highest ethylene production at 120 h after inoculation, and better symptom development than dipping and spraying. It was, therefore, adopted to determine the post-infection ethylene production in four inoculated bean genotypes (GLP406 and Kaboon - resistant, GLP636 - moderately resistant; and MDRK - susceptible). Ethylene production increased slightly 24 h after inoculation in all four genotypes, followed by a rapid decline after 48 h. Ethylene production remained low until 120 h after which a sharp rise was observed in genotype MDRK. Increased production, though to a lesser extent, was observed in GLP636. This trend was repeatable and thus may offer an additional physiological marker to bean breeders to screen for resistance to C. lindemuthianum. Keywords: anthracnose, bean, degree of resistance, inoculation techniques, physiological marker, race-specific resistance Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 79-87 Volume: 39 Issue: 3 Year: 2003 DOI: 10.17221/3861-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3861-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-200303-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:39:y:2003:i:3:id:3861-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jiban Kumar Kundu Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Virology, Research Institute of Crop Production, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Title: The occurrence of Apple stem pitting virus and Apple stem grooving virus within field-grown apple cultivars evaluated by RT-PCR Abstract: The reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was successfully used to determine the occurrence of Apple stem pitting virus (ASPV) and Apple stem grooving virus (ASGV) in field-grown apple cultivars. Both viruses were detected frequently in all 16 tested apple cultivars. As many as 27.86% ASPV-infected and 44% ASGV-infected trees were recorded among a total of 420 tested trees from 15 different orchards. Mixed infection with ASGV and ASPV was recorded in 16.7% of the trees. Keywords: Apple stem pitting virus, Apple stem grooving virus, apple cultivars, RT-PCR Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 88-92 Volume: 39 Issue: 3 Year: 2003 DOI: 10.17221/3862-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3862-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-200303-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:39:y:2003:i:3:id:3862-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jiban Kumar. Kundu Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Virology, Research Institute of Crop Production, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jiří Svoboda Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Virology, Research Institute of Crop Production, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jaroslav Polák Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Virology, Research Institute of Crop Production, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Title: Detection of Apple stem grooving virus in different tissues of apple trees throughout the year Abstract: The suitability of different apple tissues for Apple stem grooving virus (ASGV) detection throughout the year was checked by RT-PCR and ELISA. Detectable amounts of ASGV were generally found in all tissues (bark, dormant buds, petals and leaves) tested by RT-PCR from January to mid-June. Leaves during flowering (in May) were the most suitable tissues for the virus detection by both methods (RT-PCR and ELISA). The leaves collected in summer (June, July and August) or other tissues such as bark, dormant buds and petals were not reliable for ASGV detection by ELISA. Keywords: Apple stem grooving virus, tissue sampling, RT-PCR, ELISA, reliability of detection Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 93-96 Volume: 39 Issue: 3 Year: 2003 DOI: 10.17221/3863-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3863-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-200303-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:39:y:2003:i:3:id:3863-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ján Praslička Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Zoology and Antropology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Constantine the Philosopher University, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Shoki Al Dobai Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Zoology and Antropology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Constantine the Philosopher University, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Jozef Huszár Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Zoology and Antropology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Constantine the Philosopher University, Nitra, Slovak Republic Title: Hymenopteran parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) of cereal aphids (Sternorrhyncha: Aphidoidea) in winter wheat crops in Slovakia Abstract: During 1997-1999, occurrence of hymenopteran parasitoids of cereal aphids was observed in different localities in Slovakia. Altogether, seven species of aphid parasitoids were recorded. The total numbers of particular species over the last three years were as follows: Aphidius uzbekistanicus (160 individuals - 42.4%), Aphidius ervi (83 individuals - 22.0%), Aphidius rhopalosiphi (66 individuals - 17.5%), Ephedrus plagiator (40 individuals - 10.6%), Praon volucre (26 individuals - 6.9%), P. gallicum (1 individual - 0.3%), and Aphidius picipes (1 individual - 0.2%). The abundance of the parasitoids in each year was: 185 individuals (49.1%) in 1999, 122 individuals (32.4%) in 1998, and 70 individuals (18.6%) in 1997. Keywords: winter wheat, cereal aphid, parasitoids Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 97-102 Volume: 39 Issue: 3 Year: 2003 DOI: 10.17221/3864-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3864-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-200303-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:39:y:2003:i:3:id:3864-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Radka Dobšíková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Veterinary Ecology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Acute toxicity of carbofuran to selected species of aquatic and terrestrial organisms Abstract: Carbofuran is an anticholinesterase carbamate commonly used as an insecticide, nematicide and acaricide in agricultural practice throughout the world. The aim of the study was to investigate the acute toxicity of carbofuran to selected species of aquatic organisms (the guppy Poecilia reticulata Peters, the water flea Daphnia magna Straus and the green alga Raphidocelis subcapitata Korsikov), and to a terrestrial organism (a white mustard Sinapis alba Linné). Daphnia magna Straus was found to be the most sensitive organism. Keywords: carbofuran, Poecilia reticulata, Daphnia magna, Raphidocelis subcapitata, Sinapis alba, acute toxicity Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 103-108 Volume: 39 Issue: 3 Year: 2003 DOI: 10.17221/3865-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3865-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-200303-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:39:y:2003:i:3:id:3865-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Václav Stejskal Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Stored-Product Pest Control, Research Institute of Crop Production, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: Radek Aulický Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Stored-Product Pest Control, Research Institute of Crop Production, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Title: Scientometrical analysis of journal Plant Protection Science in 1950-2002 Abstract: We analysed scientific papers published in the "Plant Protection Science" (PPS), former "Ochrana Rostlin" which is the only international scientific journal covering the problematic of the plant protection in the Czech Republic (CZ). The aim of this study was to explore general trends in the plant protection research in CZ during the five past decades (i.e. 1950-2002). During the period studied, 1633 articles and 2425 authors appeared in PPS. The peak of the annual publishing quantity was in 1970s and 1980s. The number of papers per year declined in 1990s reflecting (i) a decrease of scientific institutes and restriction of agricultural research in the CZ in early 1990s, and (ii) increasing demands on the quality of PPS in this period. The publication proportion of various disciplines in PPS were as follows: mycology (34.3%), entomology (20.9%), virology (20.9%), weed science (13.7%), bacteriology (4.9%), agroecology (3.2%), stored-product protection (1.7%), rodent control (0.2%), air-pollution derived injuries (0.1%). The relative contributions of the individual disciplines were fairly steady across the period studied except for the increased publishing share of the stored product protection. We found a decreasing trend in the publishing of pesticide papers, and an increasing trend to publish papers by more than one author. The global process of integration and internationalisation of applied sciences was reflected by PPS via (i) replacement of the national (OR) title with the English title (PPS) of the journal, (ii) increasing number of foreign authors, and (iii) increasing proportion of scientific papers in English, reaching 100% in 1999. Most of the changes leading to internationalisation of the journal PPS were traceable after 1989s with the termination of a "cold war" inEurope. Keywords: scientometry, publication policy, plant protection, pesticide, Czech science Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 109-115 Volume: 39 Issue: 3 Year: 2003 DOI: 10.17221/3866-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3866-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-200303-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:39:y:2003:i:3:id:3866-PPS