Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lenka Širlová Author-Workplace-Name: Division of Plant Medicine, Research Institute of Crop Production, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: Josef Vacke Author-Workplace-Name: Division of Plant Medicine, Research Institute of Crop Production, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: Milan Jokeš Author-Workplace-Name: Division of Plant Medicine, Research Institute of Crop Production, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Title: Characteristics of a potyvirus associated with a mosaic-like disease of yellow oat-grass Abstract: The properties of a new filamentous virus found on yellow oat-grass (suggested name Trisetum flavescens mosaic virus - TFMV) were compared with those of the two potyviruses Oat mosaic virus (OMV) and Oat necrotic mottle virus (ONMV). The latter viruses were chosen because their host range, virus particles and some other characteristics are similar to TFMV. Mechanical transmission of TFMV to some OMV and ONMV host plants, drop precipitation, indirect-ELISA, DAS-ELISA, SSEM and RT-PCR were used in the study. However, there was no proof that TFMV is identical with OMV or ONMV. Avena abyssinica and Bromus mollis were found to be new experimental hosts of TFMV. Keywords: Yellow oat-grass virus, host range, electron microscopy, ELISA, SSEM, RT-PCR Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 37-41 Volume: 40 Issue: 2 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/462-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/462-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-200402-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:40:y:2004:i:2:id:462-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gabriela Juhásová Author-Workplace-Name: Branch of Woody Plant Biology, Institute of Forest Ecology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Helena Ivanová Author-Workplace-Name: Branch of Woody Plant Biology, Institute of Forest Ecology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Katarína Adamčíková Author-Workplace-Name: Branch of Woody Plant Biology, Institute of Forest Ecology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Marek Kobza Author-Workplace-Name: Branch of Woody Plant Biology, Institute of Forest Ecology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Andrea Čerevková Author-Workplace-Name: Branch of Woody Plant Biology, Institute of Forest Ecology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Nitra, Slovak Republic Title: Scab disease of firethorn at selected localities in Slovakia Abstract: The health state of firethorn, Pyracantha coccinea, was evaluated in different types of functional urban greenery at locations in Slovakia during 2001 (34 sites) and 2002 (18 sites). The occurrence of scab disease, caused by the fungus Spilocaea pyracanthae, was recorded. The degree of damage to firethorn fruits was evaluated; it ranged from 3.6% to 98.8% (2001) and from 9.1% to 38.5% (2002). Germination of conidia of the fungus ranged between 42 and 50% at 24-25°C after 24 h, and from 49% to 61% after 48 h. The germination of conidia collected on different parts of the plants from July to September was compared. Conidia taken from olive-green spots on fruits in September had the highest germination (53-89%). Keywords: Pyracantha coccinea, Spilocaea pyracanthae, Slovakia Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 42-48 Volume: 40 Issue: 2 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/461-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/461-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-200402-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:40:y:2004:i:2:id:461-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ján Praslička Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Natural Sciences, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Timotej Miština Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Natural Sciences, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Title: Influence of parasitisation on cereal aphids (Sternorrhyncha: Aphidoidea) in various field management Abstract: The level of parasitism of cereal aphids on winter wheat at growth stage 69 DC (end of bloom) differed between two field management used (integrated and ecological) and between individual years of the experiment (1999-2001). Parasitism was always higher in the ecological field management. The average number of parasitised aphids per tiller was 1.84 in the integrated field management but 2.63 in the ecological field management. The average rate of aphid parasitisation was 8.31% in the integrated system, but 16.15% in the ecological field management and thus 94.33% higher. Keywords: parasitoids, cereal aphids, winter wheat Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 49-53 Volume: 40 Issue: 2 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/460-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/460-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-200402-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:40:y:2004:i:2:id:460-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Marian Eliašová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak Agricultural University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Bernard Papierok Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak Agricultural University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Ľudovít Cagáň Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak Agricultural University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Title: Mortality of Metopolophium dirhodum (Homoptera: Aphididae) caused by strains of Erynia neoaphidis (Entomophthorales: Entomophthoraceae) from Slovakia and Greece Abstract: The aim of the study was to test isolates of Erynia neoaphidis originating from Slovakia and Greece for infectivity to Metopolophium dirhodum, and evaluate selected strains for their infectivity at different temperatures. For alatae, an LC50 (number of spores/mm2) from 109.97 to 230.90 was calculated for the Slovakian strain and of 218.9 for the Greek strain. For apterae, the LC50 was 82.2-194.5 for the Slovakian strain and 367.2 for the Greek strain. The temperature during the incubation period influenced mortality and length of life cycle of the fungus. Lower temperature decreased the mortality and extended the incubation time. With the Slovakian strain and at 22°C, the highest proportion of individuals killed by the fungus was recorded on the third day of incubation (47.8% of the alatae and 49.9% of the apterae), while at 11°C most individuals died on the seventh day (55% and 37.5% of alatae or apterae, respectively). With the Greek strain and at 22°C, the highest proportion of individuals killed was recorded on the fourth day of incubation (40.6% of alatae and 57.9% of apterae). A lower incubation temperature (11°C) prolonged the life cycle and most apterae killed by this strain were recorded on the ninth day (35%), while the highest proportion of killed alatae was recorded on the tenth day (42.8%). Keywords: Erynia neoaphidis, Metopolophium dirhodum, Entomophthorales, Slovakia, Greece Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 54-62 Volume: 40 Issue: 2 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/2724-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2724-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-200402-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:40:y:2004:i:2:id:2724-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jana Brožová Author-Workplace-Name: Division of Plant Medicine, Research Institute of Crop Production, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Title: Mycoparasitic fungi Trichoderma spp. in plant protection - Review Abstract: Trichoderma harzianum is a worldwide soilborne anamorphic fungus. It is a facultative parasite of a wide spectrum of fungi, but can also live as a saprophyte. The manifestation of its antagonism displays as support competition, parasitism and antibiosis. Some species of the genus Trichoderma can be utilised in plant protection because of their mycoparasitic and other properties. The biofungicide Supresivit containing conidia of T. harzianum is registered in the Czech Republic. A commercially prepared mixture of the biopreparation and granulated mineral fertiliser is a novel way to introduce it into the plant environment. To make optimal use of biological control methods it is necessary to integrate them in a complete system for the control of plant diseases. It is quite possible to combine two or more biological control agents, but these could also be used together with certain chemicals to improve disease control. Keywords: biological control, soil-borne fungi, antagonism, rhizosphere, interaction, Botrytis cinerea Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 63-74 Volume: 40 Issue: 2 Year: 2004 DOI: 10.17221/459-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/459-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-200402-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:40:y:2004:i:2:id:459-PPS