Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jana Mazáková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic Author-Name: Vladimír Táborský Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic Author-Name: Miloslav Zouhar Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic Author-Name: Pavel Ryšánek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic Author-Name: Ervín Hausvater Author-Workplace-Name: Potato Research Institute Havlíčkův Brod, Ltd., Havlíčkův Brod, Czech Republic Author-Name: Petr Doležal Author-Workplace-Name: Potato Research Institute Havlíčkův Brod, Ltd., Havlíčkův Brod, Czech Republic Title: Occurrence and distribution of mating types A1 and A2 of Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary in the Czech Republic Abstract: A total of 199 Phytophthora infestans isolates were obtained from leaves, tubers and fruits of infected crops of potato and tomato in different regions of the Czech Republic in 2003, 2004 and 2005. They were analysed for mating type using the conventional pairing assay and PCR markers; 107 isolates were of A1 and 92 of A2 mating type. No self-fertile isolate was found. Our study is the first report of the presence and distribution of the A2 mating type of P. infestans in the Czech Republic. The co-existence of the two mating types may enable the pathogen to reproduce sexually, thus enhancing the diversity of its population countrywide. Keywords: potato late blight, mating types, PCR, CAPs Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 41-48 Volume: 42 Issue: 2 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/2697-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2697-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-200602-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:42:y:2006:i:2:id:2697-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Muthusamy Karthikeyan Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Pathology, Center for Plant Protection Studies, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Tamil Nadu, India Author-Name: Krishnan Radhika Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Annamalai University, Tamil Nadu, India Author-Name: Ramanujam Bhaskaran Author-Workplace-Name: Coconut Research Station, Tamil Nadu, India Author-Name: Subramanian Mathiyazhagan Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Pathology, Center for Plant Protection Studies, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Tamil Nadu, India Author-Name: Ramasamy Samiyappan Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Annamalai University, Tamil Nadu, India Author-Name: Rethinasamy Velazhahan Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Pathology, Center for Plant Protection Studies, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Tamil Nadu, India Title: Rapid detection of Ganoderma disease of coconut and assessment of inhibition effect of various control measures by immunoassay and PCR Abstract: Molecular and immunological methods were applied for detecting the Ganoderma disease of coconut. Polyclonal antibodies (PAbs) raised against basidiocarp protein of Ganoderma were used. For the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) tests, the primer generated from the internal transcribed spacer region one (ITS 1) of ribosomal DNA gene of Ganoderma, which produced a PCR product of 167 bp in size, was used. Apparently healthy palms in two coconut gardens were tested for Ganoderma disease by ELISA test using basidiocarp protein antiserum. Field trials were laid out in these early-diagnosed palms for the management of the disease. Based on the ELISA results, Pseudomonas fluorescens + Trichoderma viride with chitin amended treatments arrested the multiplication of the pathogen and within 6 months showed an optical density (OD) below the level of infected plants. Integrated Disease Management (IDM) and fungicide tridemorph treated palms showed OD values below infection level within 7 months, and T. harzianum and P. fluorescens + T. viride treated palms showed OD values below infection level in 8 months. Keywords: Ganoderma, early diagnosis, PCR, ELISA, integrated disease management Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 49-57 Volume: 42 Issue: 2 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/2771-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2771-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-200602-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:42:y:2006:i:2:id:2771-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bohumír Cagaš Author-Workplace-Name: OSEVA PRO Ltd, Grassland Research Station, Rožnov-Zubří, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jan Macháč Author-Workplace-Name: Grass and Clover Seed Growers' Association, Rožnov pod Radhoštěm, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jan Frydrych Author-Workplace-Name: OSEVA PRO Ltd, Grassland Research Station, Rožnov-Zubří, Czech Republic Author-Name: Radek Macháč Author-Workplace-Name: OSEVA PRO Ltd, Grassland Research Station, Rožnov-Zubří, Czech Republic Title: Occurrence of biotic harmful agents in Czech grass seed production (1995-2004) Abstract: In the years 1995-2004 the spectra of weeds, diseases and pests in grasses grown for seed in the Czech Republic were examined and the effect of external factors on their changes was assessed. The species spectrum of weeds evaluated both at the time of vegetation and in samples of natural seeds was stable throughout the period and the changes in the number of individual species were caused by different proportions of grass species and stand age. The most abundant weeds were Elytrigia repens, Matricaria sp.div., Anthemis sp.div., Apera spica-venti, Cirsium arvense, Poa trivialis, Rumex sp.div. and Chenopodium sp.div. The most serious diseases were parasitic silvertop, graminicolous rusts (Puccinia sp.div.), Blumeria graminis and ergot (Claviceps purpurea). The rate of rust occurrence was affected by climatic conditions; the spectrum of other diseases was stable throughout this period. The most important animal pests were Muridae rodents. Keywords: grass seed, weeds, diseases, pests, external conditions Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 58-65 Volume: 42 Issue: 2 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/2695-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2695-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-200602-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:42:y:2006:i:2:id:2695-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mohamed A. S. El-Bramawy Author-Workplace-Name: Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt Author-Name: Omar A. Abdul Wahid Author-Workplace-Name: Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt Title: Field resistance of crosses of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) to charcoal root rot caused by Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi.) Goid. Abstract: Two segregating generations (F3 and F4) from 6 × 6 half-diallel crosses, excluding reciprocals, of a sesame breeding program were exposed to natural infection by the root rot pathogen (Macrophomina phaseolina) in two successive seasons (2004 and 2005). There was highly significant variability in the progeny of all investigated crosses which might be a valuable tool for further breeding programs for root rot disease management. The level of infection in 2004 ranged from 2.63% (cross P2 × P5) to 52.42% (P4 × P5) in the F3, and from 1.28% (P1 × P5) to 51.78% (P4 × P5) in the F4. During 2005, infection varied from 1.01% (P2 × P5) to 50.91% (P4 × P5) in the F3, and from 1.00% (P3 × P4) to 48.00% (P4 × P5) in the F4. These crosses were ranked resistant or highly susceptible and gave seed yields per feddan (= 4200 m) of 536.67, 361.67, 641.67, and 408.33, respectively. The F3's and F4's of five crosses, i.e. P1 × P2, P1 × P4, P1 × P5, P2 × P6, and P3 × P4, were resistant in both segregating generations and both seasons. Such crosses might be helpful for breeding programs due to their stable resistance. Lines from the crosses P1 × P6, P2 × P4 and P4 × P5 could also be used for improving resistance due to an increase of inherited resistance from one generation to another. The estimated heritability showed high values in all cases and indicated that selection for these traits could be useful for breeding programs for resistance to root rot with seed yield potential. Correlation coefficients showed that there were some positive correlations such as percentage of infection by M. phaseolina between both generations (F3's and F4's) as well as within each generation during a season's evaluation, i.e. 0.742, 0.976, 0.846, 0.732, and 0.987. The highest significant and positive correlations assisted in the selection of some crosses to be used in breeding programs and will aid breeders to achieve sesame cultivars with charcoal root rot resistance. Keywords: sesame, root rot, Macrophomina phaseolina, disease resistance, seed yield, field conditions Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 66-72 Volume: 42 Issue: 2 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/2773-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2773-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-200602-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:42:y:2006:i:2:id:2773-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ľudovít Cagáň Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources Author-Name: Peter Tóth Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources Author-Name: Monika Tóthová Author-Workplace-Name: and Department of Sustainable Development, Faculty of European Studies and Regional Development, Slovak Agricultural University, Nitra, Slovak Republic Title: Population dynamics of Chaetocnema tibialis Illiger and Phyllotreta vittula (Redtenbacher) on the weed Amaranthus retroflexus L. and cultivated Amaranthus caudatus L. Abstract: In 1995-1997, the population dynamics of the flea beetles Chaetocnema tibialis and Phyllotreta vittula, associated with Amaranthus retroflexus (wild species) and Amaranthus caudatus (cultivated species), were studied at the locality Nitra-Malanta (48°19'N, 18°09'E) in south-western Slovakia. On both plant species, the number of C. tibialis adults was usually very low until the beginning of July. During July the number of C. tibialis increased, but sooner on cultivated amaranth. An increased number of C. tibialis adults was observed on both amaranth species until the middle of September. The results showed that amaranth plants are a very important reservoir of C. tibialis during summer. P. vittula was a common flea beetle on amaranth during the whole summer, but its numbers never exceeded more than 10 adults per 25 plants. Low temperatures in winter had a negative effect on populations of C. tibialis on both amaranth species and also on populations of P. vittula on A. retroflexus. The lower the precipitation was in July, the higher were the populations of C. tibialis on both amaranth species and the populations of P. vittula on A. retroflexus. Keywords: Amaranthus, flea beetles, Chaetocnema, Phyllotreta Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 72-80 Volume: 42 Issue: 2 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/2696-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2696-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-200602-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:42:y:2006:i:2:id:2696-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Aleš Lebeda Title: Eyualem-Abebe, W. Traunspurger, I. Andrássy (eds):Freshwater Nematodes: Ecology and Taxonomy - Book Review E. Heuvelink (ed.): Tomatoes - Book Review Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 81-84 Volume: 42 Issue: 2 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/2772-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2772-PPS.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:42:y:2006:i:2:id:2772-PPS