Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ludmila Lebedeva Author-Workplace-Name: All-Russian Institute for Plant Protection, St-Petersburg-Pushkin, Russia Author-Name: Ludvík Tvarůžek Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural Research Institute Kroměříž, Ltd., Kroměříž, Czech Republic Title: Specialisation of Rhynchosporium secalis (Oud.) J.J. Davis infecting barley and rye Abstract: Fifty-five isolates of Rhynchosporium secalis from Hordeum vulgare and 34 isolates from Secale cereale were compared for growth on different nutrient media, effect of temperature on growth and morphology of colonies. The pathogenicity of the isolates was assessed on 10 rye varieties, 10 triticale varieties and the susceptible barley variety Gambrinus. The triticale varieties differed in the number of rye chromosomes in the genome. Isozymes of R. secalis isolated from infected leaves of barley and rye were compared. The RAPD-PCR method was used for comparison of isolates on DNA-markers. The analysis indicated two specialised forms of the fungus; each of them able to develop only on its original host. Keywords: Rhynchosporium secalis, barley, rye, specialisation Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 85-93 Volume: 42 Issue: 3 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/2760-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2760-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-200603-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:42:y:2006:i:3:id:2760-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Michal Ondřej Author-Workplace-Name: AGRITEC, Research, Breeding & Services, Ltd., Šumperk, Czech Republic Author-Name: Lenka Odstrčilová Author-Workplace-Name: AGRITEC, Research, Breeding & Services, Ltd., Šumperk, Czech Republic Author-Name: Radmila Dostálová Author-Workplace-Name: AGRITEC, Research, Breeding & Services, Ltd., Šumperk, Czech Republic Title: Phomopsis pisi - a new species causing pea stem canker Abstract: The new species Phomopsis pisi Ondřej sp. n. (Anamorphic Fungi - Coelomycetes) occurred on stems of pea (Pisum sativum L.) cv. Adept at Šumperk-Temenice (Czech Republic). The fungus caused plants to die at the green maturity stage. The new species differs from Phomopsis pisicola. It differs in the length and width of conidiophores and conidia. Keywords: pea, stem canker, Phomopsis pisi, new species, Czech Republic Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 95-98 Volume: 42 Issue: 3 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/2756-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2756-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-200603-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:42:y:2006:i:3:id:2756-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mohamed A. S. El-Bramawy Author-Workplace-Name: Agronomy Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt Title: Inheritance of resistance to Fusarium wilt in some sesame crosses under field conditions Abstract: Lines of two generations (F3 and F4) from 15 crosses were screened for two successive seasons (2004 and 2005) for their reaction to Fusarium wilt disease under natural infection by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. sesami. There was sufficient variability among all crosses and some lines could be valuable for further breeding programs for wilt disease resistance. Offspring of the crosses P1 × P6, P2 × P4 and P3 × P6 seem to be stable in their reaction to the disease in the years of evaluation, though with some segregation from one generation to another. The crosses P1 × P5, P2 × P6, P3 × P4 and P3 × P6 showed a resistant reaction through both generations as well as both seasons. They might be helpful and utilised for large scale cultivation or/and in hybridisation programs to develop resistant varieties with good yield potential. Heritability estimates were very high (more than 95%) in both generations during the two seasons, except for seed yield/plant in the F3 in the first season. This indicated that selection for both Fusarium wilt resistance and seed yield from these lines could be feasible and lead to resistant cultivars with seed yield potential. The results showed highly significant and positive correlations between lower infection in the F4's and in F3's through the two seasons. The highest significant correlation of the evaluated traits allowed the selection of some lines to be used in breeding programs. Also, highly significant positive correlations were detected between seed yield/plot of the F4's in 2004 and the seed yield/plot of F4's in 2005, but did not reach the significant level in the F3's. Keywords: sesame, Fusarium oxysporum, wilt, disease resistance, seed yield Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 99-105 Volume: 42 Issue: 3 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/2755-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2755-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-200603-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:42:y:2006:i:3:id:2755-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Alphonsus Mbonu Oparaeke Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Crop Protection, Institute for Agricultural Research, Faculty of Agriculture, Ahmadu Bello University, Nigeria Title: The sensitivity of flower bud thrips, Megalurothrips sjostedti Trybom (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), on cowpea to three concentrations and spraying schedules of Piper guineense Schum. & Thonn. extracts Abstract: The extracts of pods of West African black pepper, Piper guineense, at 5, 10 and 20% (w/v), were applied at two, four and six weekly schedules to control the legume flower bud thrips, Megalurothrips sjostedti on flowers of cowpea, Vigna unguiculata. The trials were conducted for 2 years under rain fed conditions in the northern Guinea savanna region of Nigeria. The results showed that the M. sjostedti population was significantly controlled on treated plots compared with the untreated check in both years. The extracts at the 20 and 10% rates and with six or four weekly applications significantly (P < 0.05) reduced thrips pressure on cowpea flowers, were better than the 5% extract at all spraying schedules, and had the same efficacy as the synthetic insecticide treatment. Pod density per plant was significantly higher (P < 0.05) on plots treated with the 20% extract at six or four weekly applications compared to other extract rates and was similar to that of the synthetic insecticide treatment. Thus, the extracts could be a good alternative to the synthetic insecticides on organically managed farms as well as on farms of limited resource farmers in the tropics and subtropics. Keywords: control of Megalurothrips sjostedti, extracts of Piper guineense, Vigna unguiculata, application Schedule Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 106-111 Volume: 42 Issue: 3 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/2757-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2757-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-200603-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:42:y:2006:i:3:id:2757-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Karel Veverka Author-Workplace-Name: Division of Plant Medicine, Research Institute for Plant Production, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: Iva Křížková Author-Workplace-Name: Division of Plant Medicine, Research Institute for Plant Production, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jana Palicová Author-Workplace-Name: Division of Plant Medicine, Research Institute for Plant Production, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Title: Soil compaction as the possible cause of wilting and premature ripening of sunflower - Short Communication Abstract: Brown patches of the size from several square metres to hectares or individual dying plants appeared in otherwise green stands. Affected plants wilt and ripen sooner than healthy ones, causing them to have smaller seeds or none at all in the central part of the heads. Under extreme conditions the plants wilt and die in early summer when they are less than 50 cm high. No infective agent was found as a causal organism. Disturbed plants root only in the upper 10 cm layer of the soil, or just below the surface. Poor soil structure and aeration are supposed to be responsible for limited root development. It prevents a sufficient supply of water to the plants during the hot and dry summer months and causes them to wilt. In contrast to cereals, winter rape and some other field crops that ripen during July, sunflower grows very intensively and needs a good supply of water even towards the end of August and in the first half of September. Thus, sunflower plants rooting only in the shallow uppermost layer of the soil suffer much more than other crops from hot and dry conditions. Keywords: sunflower, roots, premature ripening, soil compression, soil aeration Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 112-117 Volume: 42 Issue: 3 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/2759-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2759-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-200603-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:42:y:2006:i:3:id:2759-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Aleš Lebeda Author-Name: Karel Veverka Title: Seventieth Birthday of Professor Ing. Václav Kůdela, DrSc. - Biographical Notice Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 118-120 Volume: 42 Issue: 3 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/2758-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2758-PPS.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:42:y:2006:i:3:id:2758-PPS