Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jaroslav Polák Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Virology, Division of Plant Medicine, Crop Research Institute, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Title: Viruses of blackthorn and road-bordering trees of plum, myrobalan, sweet and sour cherries in the Czech Republic Abstract: The distribution of Plum pox virus (PPV), Prune dwarf virus (PDV), Prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV), Apple chlorotic ringspot virus (ACLSV) and Apple mosaic virus (ApMV) in naturally growing shrubs of blackthorn and road-bordering trees of plum and myrobalan, and of PPV, PDV, PNRSV and Cherry leafroll virus (CLRV) in sweet and sour cherry trees were investigated. The most widely distributed viruses were PPV in plums (74% of the investigated trees were infected); PPV, PDV, and PNRSV in myrobalans (26%, 11% and 18%, respectively), PDV in blackthorns (27%), and PDV and PNRSV in cherries (25% and 22%). PPV was not detected in sweet and sour cherries. The incidence of ACLSV and ApMV was negligible in individually growing trees of the genus Prunus in the Czech Republic. Keywords: blackthorn, myrobalan, plum, sweet and sour cherry, stone fruit viruses, distribution, sources of infection Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 1-4 Volume: 43 Issue: 1 Year: 2007 DOI: 10.17221/2351-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2351-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-200701-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:43:y:2007:i:1:id:2351-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Azeem Iqbal Khan Author-Workplace-Name: Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan Author-Name: Manzoor Hussain Author-Workplace-Name: Nuclear Institute of Agriculture Biology, Faisalabad, Pakistan$2 Author-Name: Saeed Rauf Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Breeding & Author-Name: Tariq Manzoor Khan Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Breeding & Title: Inheritance of resistance to Cotton leaf curl virus in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Abstract: Resistance to Cotton leaf curl virus (CLCuV) in three cultivars of cotton was investigated in crosses with a susceptible cultivar using generation mean analysis. No single gene of major effect controlled resistance to Cotton leaf curl virus in the three crosses. The mean number of effective factors controlling resistance in cross LRA-5166 × S-12 was estimated to be at least five. Estimates of broad and narrow sense heritability indicate that effects by the environment were larger than those of genetic components. Epistasis was significant in two crosses. Additive gene effects contributed more to resistance than to susceptibility in contrast with dominance gene effect. Reciprocal differences were detected in the cross with LRA-5166. Estimates of genetic gain ranged form low to moderate. Thus, a breeding method that makes use of additive variance should be used because much of the variances for resistance are additive, whereas dominance effects, at least in these crosses, tended to contribute to susceptibility. Keywords: Cotton leaf curl virus, Gossypium hirsutum, heritability of resistance, generation mean analysis Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 5-9 Volume: 43 Issue: 1 Year: 2007 DOI: 10.17221/2347-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2347-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-200701-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:43:y:2007:i:1:id:2347-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ivana Šafránková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Crop Science, Breeding and Plant Medicine, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Volutella leaf blight and stem canker on Japanese pachysandra in the Czech Republic Abstract: Woody ornamental cover plants of Japanese pachysandra (P. terminalis S. et Z.) are planted in parks and gardens in the Czech Republic. A serious disease of these plants is Volutella leaf blight and stem canker caused by the fungus Pseudonectria pachysandricola (anamorph Volutella pachysandricola). It was described by DODGE (1944) in the United States and appeared in Europe in the 1980s. Volutella pachysandricola was isolated from Japanese pachysandra (P. terminalis cvs. Green Carpet and Variegata) from leaf spots and stem and stolon cankers in Brno in 2000-2003. The tan or brown spots with brown margins, often with concentric zones, develop on infected leaves. Stem and stolon cankers appear as water-soaked diseased areas, the stem often turns brown, shrivels and girdles. The infection often begins in damaged or senescent plant parts and spreads into the healthy tissues. Pink-orange sporodochia with spores form on newly killed stems and leaves during humid spring and summer periods. Ascospores develop in red-orange perithecia on the same tissues. Keywords: Pseudonectria, Pachysandra terminalis, Czech Republic Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 10-12 Volume: 43 Issue: 1 Year: 2007 DOI: 10.17221/2350-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2350-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-200701-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:43:y:2007:i:1:id:2350-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Zuzanna Sawinska Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Soil and Plant Cultivation, Agricultural University of Poznan, Poznań, Poland Author-Name: Irena Małecka Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Soil and Plant Cultivation, Agricultural University of Poznan, Poznań, Poland Title: Effect of seed treatment and foliar protection with fungicides on health status of winter wheat Abstract: The experiments were conducted in 2001-2003 at the Experimental Station in Zlotniki of the Agricultural University of Poznan (Poland). The impact of different fungicidal protection programs on occurrence and incidence of fungal diseases on leaf and ear as well as of diseases on stem base and roots of winter wheat was determined. Infections on stem base and roots were mostly caused by Fusarium spp. and Gaeumannomyces graminis. Seed treatment with Latitude 125 FS reduced significantly take-all of winter wheat in comparison with the standard treatment (Raxil 060 FS). However, the seed treatments lowered only slightly the incidence of brown foot rot. The applied complex chemical protection program of winter wheat reduced successfully the infection of leaves and ears by fungal diseases. Keywords: wheat, Gaeumannomyces, Fusarium, seed treatments, fungicides, protection Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 13-18 Volume: 43 Issue: 1 Year: 2007 DOI: 10.17221/2260-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2260-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-200701-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:43:y:2007:i:1:id:2260-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mahmoud Farag Mahmoud Author-Workplace-Name: Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt Title: Combining the botanical insecticides NSK extract, NeemAzal T 5%, Neemix 4.5% and the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema feltiae Cross N 33 to control the peach fruit fly, Bactrocera zonata (Saunders) Abstract: Botanical insecticides based on azadirachtin and the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema feltiae were evaluated for their control of the peach fruit fly, Bactrocera zonata. Laboratory bioassays determined the potential of combinations between the biological control agent S. feltiae and the botanical insecticides NSK, NeemAzal T 5%, Neemix 4.5% against 3rd instar larvae of B. zonata. Of 25 treatment combinations between azadirachtin from NSK extract and S. feltiae, 18 gave synergistic responses, 4 were additive, none antagonistic and 3 without any response. The same number of combinations with NeemAzal T 5% showed 19 synergistic responses, 1 additive, none antagonistic and 5 without any response. Combinations of Neemix 4.5% and S. feltiae showed 11 synergistic responses, 5 additive, 3 antagonistic and 6 without any response. The combined use of botanical insecticides based on azadirachtin, especially NSK extract and NeemAzal T 5%, with the entomopathogenic nematode S. feltiae may offer an integrated approach to increase the efficacy of control of the peach fruit fly, B. zonata, by entomopathogenic nematodes. Keywords: entomopathogenic nematode, Steinernema feltiae, the peach fruit fly, Bactrocera zonata Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 19-25 Volume: 43 Issue: 1 Year: 2007 DOI: 10.17221/2348-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2348-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-200701-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:43:y:2007:i:1:id:2348-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Marta Lišková Author-Workplace-Name: Parasitological Institute of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Košice, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Nicola Sasanelli Author-Workplace-Name: Instituto per la Protezione delle Piante, Sezione di Bari, C.N.R., Bari, Italy Author-Name: Trifone D'addabbo Author-Workplace-Name: Instituto per la Protezione delle Piante, Sezione di Bari, C.N.R., Bari, Italy Title: Some notes on the occurrence of plant parasitic nematodes of fruit trees in Slovakia Abstract: Forty plant parasitic nematode species were identified in soil of fruit orchards in the southeastern and southwestern areas of the Danubian Lowlands and East Slovak Lowland, characterised by light sandy soil of riverine origin, locally combined with drift sand landscape. They were Ditylenchus dipsaci, Helicotylenchus canadensis, H. digonicus, H. dihystera, H. multicinctus, Rotylenchus agnetis, R. fallorobustus, R. goodeyi, Rotylenchulus borealis, Pratylenchus crenatus, P. penetrans, P. pratensis, P. thornei, Zygotylenchus guevarai, Pratylenchoides laticauda, Meloidogyne hapla, Bitylenchus dubius, Tylenchorhynchus cylindricus, Merlinius nanus, Macroposthonia antipolitana, M. rustica, M. xenoplax, Paratylenchus bukowinensis, P. elachistus, P. nanus, P. projectus, Longidorus elongatus, L. euonymus, L. juvenilis, unidentified Longidorus sp., Xiphinema diversicaudatum, X. italiae, X. pachtaicum, X. taylori, X. vuittenezi, Trichodorus primitivus, T. sparsus, T. viruliferus, Paratrichodorus macrostylus and P. pachydermus. Many of the observed species are phytopathologically important parasites of fruit trees and some are also vectors of plant viruses. The frequency of occurrence, dominance and abundance of individual species were determined. Keywords: plant parasitic nematodes, fruit orchards, Slovakia Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 26-32 Volume: 43 Issue: 1 Year: 2007 DOI: 10.17221/2349-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2349-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-200701-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:43:y:2007:i:1:id:2349-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pavel Bartoš Author-Name: Václav Kůdela Author-Name: Aleš Lebeda Title: Eightieth Birthday of Dr. Jens Nielsen - Biographical Notice Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 33-34 Volume: 43 Issue: 1 Year: 2007 DOI: 10.17221/2259-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2259-PPS.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:43:y:2007:i:1:id:2259-PPS