Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Václav Kůdela Author-Workplace-Name: Division of Plant Health, Crop Research Institute, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Title: History of bacterial ring rot of potato in the Czech Lands and a proposal for relaxation of strict quarantine measures Abstract: In the supposed or proven incidence of bacterial ring rot caused by Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus (Cms) in certified seed and commercial potatoes, five periods can be identified in the Czech Lands from 1910 to 2006: (i) high incidence of Cms in potato crops is claimed (about 1910-1929); (ii) very low incidence in certified potatoes and sporadic occurrence in commercial potatoes (about 1930-1985); (iii) increasing incidence of Cms in certified seed potatoes and its sporadic occurrence in commercial potatoes is assumed (about 1986-1997); (iv) a relatively high percentage of potato tuber samples proved to be infected by Cms, namely 1.14% in seed potatoes in 1998 and 4.13% in commercial potatoes in 1999 (1998-2004 period); (v) progressive decrease of Cms incidence to zero in seed potato samples and 0.19% in commercial samples in 2005, followed by a slight increase to 0.15% in seed potatoes and 0.23% in commercial potatoes in 2006 (2005-2006 period). Thus, up to 2006, Cms was and is not widely distributed in the CR and is actively and effectively controlled, mainly through the zero tolerance for ring rot bacterium in the seed potato certification program. In the CR, Cms has a relatively low capacity for damage and can hardly be considered as a pest of national economic importance. Strictly speaking, Cms does not fulfill the criteria for a quarantine organism. If, however, the quarantine status of Cms will be maintained, the severe post-entry measures against it should be relaxed. Keywords: potato, Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus, bacterial ring rot, incidence of occurrence, Czech Republic, quarantine measures Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 35-46 Volume: 43 Issue: 2 Year: 2007 DOI: 10.17221/2254-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2254-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-200702-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:43:y:2007:i:2:id:2254-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jelena Kuldová Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Ivan Hrdý Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Petr Janšta Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Natural Sciences, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic Title: The horse chestnut leafminer Cameraria ohridella: chemical control and notes on parasitisation Abstract: The expected high efficacy of Dimilin but also good protection by treatment with Confidor and Calypso were demonstrated. Mospilan was less effective. A high mortality of ultimate larval instars of the leafminer and their substantial parasitisation was observed in experiments with potted seedlings on Confidor and Calypso treated leaves of horse chestnut, Aesculus hippocastanum. The parasitoids found in mines with larvae and pupae of C. ohridella on A. × carnea and A. hippocastanum were recorded and determined. The most abundant species was Minotetrastichus frontalis (Chalcidoidea, Eulophidae). The possible effect of insecticide treatments on parasitisation of the horse chestnut leafminer is discussed. Keywords: Cameraria ohridella, Aesculus hippocastanum, A. × carnea, chemical control, insecticides, parasitisation Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 47-56 Volume: 43 Issue: 2 Year: 2007 DOI: 10.17221/2255-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2255-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-200702-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:43:y:2007:i:2:id:2255-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Roman Pavela Author-Workplace-Name: Division of Plant Health, Crop Research Institute, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jan Kazda Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic Author-Name: Gerhard Herda Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic Title: Influence of application term on effectiveness of some insecticides against brassica pod midge (Dasineura brassicae Winn.) Abstract: In 2005 we determined the effectiveness of two preparations against gall pod midge in dependence on different terms of application, i.e. at full flowering (BBCH 65) and after flowering (BBCH 67) of winter oilseed rape. The tests were carried out at three localities in the Czech Republic, and the two preparations used were Calypso 480 SC (a.i. thiacloprid) and Karate Zeon 5CS (a.i. lambda-cyhalothrin). It was found that applying the preparations at BBCH 67 was significantly more effective than treatment at BBCH 65. Keywords: brassica pod midge, Dasineura brassicae, oilseed rape, insecticides, pest control Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 57-62 Volume: 43 Issue: 2 Year: 2007 DOI: 10.17221/2258-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2258-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-200702-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:43:y:2007:i:2:id:2258-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Zdenka Martinková Author-Workplace-Name: Division of Plant Health, Crop Research Institute, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: Alois Honěk Author-Workplace-Name: Division of Plant Health, Crop Research Institute, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Title: The effect of cryopreservation on germination of dandelion seeds Abstract: Germination experiments frequently use seeds that had been stored frozen. We investigated whether short, 5 day freezing changes percentage and rate of germination of seeds of dandelion (Taraxacum officinale agg.). Seeds (i) collected at dispersal, (ii) dried at +50°C for 5 days, (iii) frozen at -20°C for 5 days, (iv) dried for 5 days and subsequently frozen for 5 days, and (v) frozen and subsequently dried, were then germinated at +10°C and a long-day photoperiod. None of the temperature pre-treatments affected the proportion of germinating seeds. By contrast, the time to germinate 50% of the seed (germination time) was shortened slightly (0.7 days) but significantly following the freezing treatment, regardless of whether it was applied without, before or after drying of the seed. Cryopreservation is therefore a convenient method of seed storage for comparative studies of seed germination because it causes no change in germination percentage and only a small and systematic change in germination rate. Keywords: dandelion, Taraxacum officinale, weed, seed, freezing, drying, germination, storage Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 63-67 Volume: 43 Issue: 2 Year: 2007 DOI: 10.17221/2257-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2257-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-200702-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:43:y:2007:i:2:id:2257-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: George B. Swella Author-Workplace-Name: Tanzania Official Seed Certification Institute, Morogoro, Tanzania Author-Name: Deus M. K. Mushobozy Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Crop Science and Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Sokoine University of Agriculture, Chuo Kikuu, Morogoro, Tanzania Title: Evaluation of the efficacy of protectants against cowpea bruchids (Callosobruchus maculatus (F.)) on cowpea seeds (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) Abstract: A laboratory experiment of a completely randomised design and replicated four times evaluated the effectiveness to control the bruchid, Callosobruchus maculatus in cowpea by the synthetic insecticide Actellic dust, and by the natural protectants ash, coconut oil, powdered cloves and black pepper. The data collected included the number of damaged and undamaged seeds, weight of damaged and undamaged seeds and the number of live and dead bruchids. Seeds treated with Actellic dust and black pepper powder had significantly low percentages of damaged seeds. Black pepper powder and coconut oil showed good potential in protecting cowpea against bruchid damage. Keywords: actellic, ash, black pepper, cloves, coconut oil, damage, natural products Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 68-72 Volume: 43 Issue: 2 Year: 2007 DOI: 10.17221/2256-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2256-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-200702-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:43:y:2007:i:2:id:2256-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Milena Březíková Author-Workplace-Name: State Phytosanitary Administration, Division of Diagnostics, Olomouc, Czech Republic Author-Name: Šárka Linhartová Author-Workplace-Name: State Phytosanitary Administration, Division of Diagnostics, Olomouc, Czech Republic Title: First report of potato stolbur phytoplasma in hemipterans in southern Moravia - Short Communication Abstract: In 2005, the first screening tests to confirm the presence of potato stolbur phytoplasma in hemipterans by the PCR method were carried out to determine the spectrum of possible vector species for further analyses. Potato stolbur phytoplasma was confirmed in two out of five tested individuals of Hyalesthes obsoletus and in one mixed sample (10 individuals) from 17 tested samples of Lygus spp. As far as we know this is the first occurrence of potato stolbur phytoplasma in Hyalesthes obsoletus and Lygus spp. confirmed by the PCR method in the Czech Republic. Keywords: stolbur, Hyalesthes obsoletus, vector, PCR Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 73-76 Volume: 43 Issue: 2 Year: 2007 DOI: 10.17221/2253-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2253-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-200702-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:43:y:2007:i:2:id:2253-PPS