Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shailendra Kumar Gupta Author-Workplace-Name: Natural Pesticide Laboratory, Department of Botany, D.D.U. Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, India Author-Name: Satish Chandra Tripathi Author-Workplace-Name: Natural Pesticide Laboratory, Department of Botany, D.D.U. Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, India Title: Fungitoxic activity of Solanum torvum against Fusarium sacchari Abstract: The leaf extract of Solanum torvum Sw. (Solanaceae) was evaluated for its fungitoxic activity against Fusarium sacchari (E.J. Butler & Hafiz Khan) W. Gams (1971). The leaf extract was found to inhibit completely the mycelial growth of the test fungus at minimum 0.5 ml/ml dose by the poisoned food technique. The nature of the extract was fungicidal at 0.5 ml/ml dose, since no further revival of growth was observed in inoculated plates even after incubation for 6 days after inoculation. The extract required minimally 5 min to kill the test fungus at its MIC. The extract also inhibited the growth of 12 other pathogenic fungi as well as 2 pathogenic strains of bacteria under test. It was found to be non-phytotoxic in nature and to show antifungal activity under in vivo conditions. Keywords: Solanum torvum Sw., Fusarium sacchari, antifungal activity, poisoned food technique Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 83-91 Volume: 47 Issue: 3 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/56/2010-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/56/2010-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-201103-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:47:y:2011:i:3:id:56-2010-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Abdel-Basset Mohamed Al-Hakimi Author-Workplace-Name: Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taiz University, Taiz, Yemen Author-Name: Afaf Mohamed Hamada Author-Workplace-Name: Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt Title: Ascorbic acid, thiamine or salicylic acid induced changes in some physiological parameters in wheat grown under copper stress Abstract: The fresh and dry weight of roots and shoots of wheat seedlings showed a marked decrease as the concentration of copper (Cu) was increased. The contents of pectin, cellulose, soluble carbohydrates, and phospholipids in the roots and shoots of test plants were significantly lowered with the rise of Cu concentration. However, hemicellulose, lignin, total lipids, glycolipids, sterols and proline of roots and shoots were raised under Cu stress. Cu treatment also induced the stimulation of soluble, total and cell wall associated proteins, other free amino acids and total carbohydrates in shoots and a slight reduction in roots. The adverse effects of Cu toxicity treatments on root and shoot growth were partially alleviated by the treatment of test plants with ascorbic acid, thiamine (vitamin B1) and salicylic acid. Keywords: ascorbic acid, vitamin B1, carbohydrates, cell wall fractions, copper, lipid fractions, proline, proteins, salicylic acid, Triticum aestivum L Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 92-108 Volume: 47 Issue: 3 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/20/2010-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/20/2010-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-201103-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:47:y:2011:i:3:id:20-2010-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Marek Seidenglanz Author-Workplace-Name: Services Ltd., Šumperk, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jiří Rotrekl Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute for Fodder Crops, Ltd., Troubsko, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural Research, Ltd., Troubsko, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jana Poslušná Author-Workplace-Name: Services Ltd., Šumperk, Czech Republic Author-Name: Pavel Kolařík Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute for Fodder Crops, Ltd., Troubsko, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural Research, Ltd., Troubsko, Czech Republic Title: Ovicidal effects of thiacloprid, acetamiprid, lambda-cyhalothrin and alpha-cypermethrin on Bruchus pisorum L. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) eggs Abstract: The effects of two pyrethroid (lambda-cyhalothrin, alpha-cypermethrin) and two neonicotinoid (acetamiprid, thiacloprid) insecticides on B. pisorum L. eggs were compared under field conditions in the Czech Republic in 2005-2007. The main objective of the study was to find out what real effects can be expected from the available insecticides registered in Europe when applied at the time of the first egg occurrence on lower pods. In general, the rates of Bruchus pisorum egg (+ first instar larvae) survival were significantly lower with all the insecticides compared in the study, in each of the three years (2005, 2006, 2007). The tested insecticides showed some ovicidal effects and also some larvicidal effects. The tested pyrethroids (lambda-cyhalothrin, alpha-cypermethrin) showed somewhat higher effectiveness in comparison with the neonicotinoids (acetamiprid, thiacloprid). Alpha-cypermethrin was the most effective in all three years. In 2006 and in 2007 this insecticide significantly reduced the rates of egg survival in comparison with acetamiprid. In contrast, acetamiprid was the least effective insecticide in each of the three years. Keywords: Bruchus pisorum, pea weevil, pyrethroids, neonicotinoids, ovicidal effects Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 109-114 Volume: 47 Issue: 3 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/71/2010-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/71/2010-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-201103-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:47:y:2011:i:3:id:71-2010-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yahia Youssef Mosleh Author-Workplace-Name: Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt Author-Name: Saber. F. M. Moussa Author-Workplace-Name: Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt Author-Name: Lamiaa H. Y. Mohamed Author-Workplace-Name: Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt Title: Comparative toxicity of certain pesticides to peach fruit fly, Bactrocera zonata Saunders (Diptera: Tephritidae) under laboratory conditions Abstract: Peach fruit fly, Bactrocera zonata (Saunders) (Diptera: Tephritidae), has been a serious pest in the last decade attacking a wide range of fruits in Egypt. The toxicity of Malathion, Diazinon, Methoxyfenozide, and Lufenuron to adult males and females of Bactrocera zonata was studied under laboratory conditions. Diazinon was the most toxic among the tested compounds followed by Malathion, Lufenuron and Methoxyfenozide to Bactrocera zonata at 24 h post treatment, the respective LC50 values were 0.20 ppm, 0.48ppm, 8.97ppm, and 9.73ppm for males and 0.26 ppm, 0.91ppm, 11.26ppm, and 14.12ppm for females. At 48 h post treatment Diazinon was the most toxic followed by Malathion, Methoxyfenozide and Lufenuron to Bactrocera zonata, LC50 values were 0.09ppm, 0.34ppm, 1.60ppm, and 1.88 ppm for males and 0.14 ppm, 0.44ppm, 1.68ppm and 2.17 ppm for females. At 72 h post treatment Diazinon was the most toxic followed by Malathion, Lufenuron and Methoxyfenozide to Bactrocera zonata, LC50 values were 0.02 ppm, 0.13ppm, 0.22ppm and 0.51ppm for males and 0.07 ppm, 0.16ppm, 0.55 ppm and 0.62 ppm for females. It is observed that LC50 values for treated adult females increased more than in the treated adult males at 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h post treatment. It means that the adult males were more susceptible to the tested insecticides than the adult females. Keywords: Malathion, Methoxyfenozide, Lufenuron, Diazinon, Tephritidae, peach fruit fly, Bactrocera zonata Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 115-120 Volume: 47 Issue: 3 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/52/2009-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/52/2009-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-201103-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:47:y:2011:i:3:id:52-2009-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yahia Youssef Mosleh Author-Workplace-Name: Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Author-Name: Lamiaa Housein Yousry Author-Workplace-Name: Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt Author-Name: Adel Abo-El-Elaa Author-Workplace-Name: Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Fayoum University, Al Fayyum, Egypt$2 Title: Toxicological and biochemical effects of some insecticides on peach fly, Bactrocera zonata (Diptera: Tephritidae) Abstract: The peach fruit fly, Bactrocera zonata (Saunders, Diptera: Tephritidae), has been a serious pest in the last decade attacking a wide range of fruits in Egypt. The toxicity of Malathion, Diazinon, Methoxyfenozide and Lufenuron to adult males and females of B. zonata was studied under laboratory conditions. The results showed that Diazinon was the most toxic among the tested compounds followed by Malathion, Lufenuron and Methoxyfenozide. LC50 values for adult males and females were 0.20 ppm, 0.09 ppm and 0.02 ppm (for males), 0.91 ppm, 0.14 ppm and 0,01 ppm (for females), respectively. The results showed that the level of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) of treated adult males and females in 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h post treatment increased compared to untreated adults. The highest activities of GOT in treated adult males in 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h were 92.11µM, 101.99µM and 112.21µM pyruvate released × 103/min/g FW (fresh weight), respectively, for Methoxyfenozide LC10, and in treated adult females after 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h they were 84.24µM, 94.33µM, and 111.12µM pyruvate released × 103/min/g FW, respectively, for Diazinon LC25. The activities of acetylcholine esterase of treated adults decreased compared to untreated adults. The highest activities of acid phosphatase in adult males after 24 h and 48 h were 249.43 µg and 270.52 µg AchI hydrolysed/min/g FW, respectively, for Methoxyfenozide LC25. The highest activities of alkaline phosphatase in adult males were 139.04 µg, 175.67 µg, and 199.29 µg phenol × 103/min/g FW for Malathion LC10 and in adult females they were 123.31 µg, 162.10 µg and 199.59 µg phenol.103/min/g FW, respectively, for Lufenuron LC25 in 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h post treatment. Keywords: Bactrocera zonata, insecticides, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase - GOT, glutamic pyruvic transaminase - GPT, acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, peach fruit fly Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 121-130 Volume: 47 Issue: 3 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/51/2009-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/51/2009-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-201103-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:47:y:2011:i:3:id:51-2009-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. Ryšánek Author-Name: J. Polák Title: Professor Vladimír Táborský, MSc., PhD., Octogenarian Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 131-132 Volume: 47 Issue: 3 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/2814-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2814-PPS.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:47:y:2011:i:3:id:2814-PPS