Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Figen Mert-Türk Author-Workplace-Name: Plant Protection Department, Agricultural Faculty, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey Author-Name: Ramazan Gencer Author-Workplace-Name: Plant Protection Department, Agricultural Faculty, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey Title: Distribution of the 3-AcDON, 15-AcDON, and NIV chemotypes of Fusarium culmorum in the North-West of Turkey Abstract: Fusarium culmorum isolates originated from diseased wheat plants showing crown rot and head blight symptoms in the 2009-2010 wheat growing season in the Çanakkale, Balikesir, and Tekirdağ Provinces in the North-West of Turkey. Fifty-six isolates were identified as F. culmorum. The chemotypes of F. culmorum known to produce the mycotoxins deoxynivalenol (DON) and its derivatives (3-AcDON and 15-AcDON) and nivalenol (NIV) were identified by PCR-based methods. Out of the 56 F. culmorum isolates tested with Tri13 PCR assays, one isolate yielded an amplicon similar to the size predicted for NIV production, while 55 yielded an amplicon corresponding to the size marker for DON production. Chemotyping assays by PCR showed that the DON chemotype of F. culmorum was dominant among the population in all three provinces. Out of the 55 DON isolates, 16 and 39 isolates were 3-AcDON and 15-AcDON, respectively. Isolates collected from the same localities were not exclusively of a single chemotype. This is the first report demonstrating the presence and the geographic distribution of all three chemotypes on wheat spikes and crowns in Turkey. Keywords: crown rot, head blight, trichothecenes, genetic chemotyping, mycotoxin, nivalenol, deoxynivalenol Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 57-64 Volume: 49 Issue: 2 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/63/2012-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/63/2012-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-201302-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:49:y:2013:i:2:id:63-2012-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mumuni Abudulai Author-Workplace-Name: CSIR-Savanna Agricultural Research Institute, Tamale, Ghana Author-Name: Abdulai B. Salifu Author-Workplace-Name: CSIR-Savanna Agricultural Research Institute, Tamale, Ghana Author-Name: Danial Opare-Atakora Author-Workplace-Name: CSIR-Savanna Agricultural Research Institute, Tamale, Ghana Author-Name: Mohammed Haruna Author-Workplace-Name: CSIR-Savanna Agricultural Research Institute, Tamale, Ghana Author-Name: Inusah I.Y. Baba Author-Workplace-Name: CSIR-Savanna Agricultural Research Institute, Tamale, Ghana Author-Name: Israel K. Dzomeku Author-Workplace-Name: University for Development Studies, Tamale, Ghana Author-Name: Rick L. Brandenburg Author-Workplace-Name: North Carolina State University, Raleigh, USA Author-Name: David L. Jordan Author-Workplace-Name: North Carolina State University, Raleigh, USA Title: Field efficacy of neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) for managing soil arthropods and Cercospora leaf spots damage for increased yield in peanut Abstract: Field efficacy of neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) for managing soil arthropods and Cercospora leaf spots damage to peanut was studied in Ghana from 2008 to 2010. Treatments consisted of neem kernel water extract (NKWE) and neem kernel powder (NKP) applied separately as soil drench at the rates of 10.5 and 21.0 kg/ha at either planting or pegging. Untreated control and chlorpyrifos treatment at pegging were included as checks. Results showed generally that the neem products at the concentrations tested were efficacious and comparable to chlorpyrifos in lowering populations of soil arthropods and severity of leaf spot diseases, leaf defoliation, and scarified and bored pod damage, resulting in increased pod yield in 2008 and 2009. Keywords: Azadirachta indica A. Juss, Arachis hypogeae L., leaf spots, pest control Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 65-72 Volume: 49 Issue: 2 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/48/2012-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/48/2012-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-201302-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:49:y:2013:i:2:id:48-2012-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Karel Hradil Author-Workplace-Name: State Phytosanitary Administration, Jičín, Czech Republic Author-Name: Václav Psota Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Zoology, Fisheries, Hydrobiology and Apiculture, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Pavla Šťastná Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Zoology, Fisheries, Hydrobiology and Apiculture, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Species diversity of true bugs on apples in terms of plant protection Abstract: Monitoring of species spectrum of true bugs (Heteroptera) on apple trees without pest management was conducted in 2010-2011. Two sites were selected - an abandoned orchard and a road alley near the village of Velké Bílovice (Břeclav district, Czech Republic). The capture of true bugs with a fogger device (Pulsfog) on five selected trees in each site was performed. The effective substance deltamethrin at concentration of 0.0025 g/l was applied to the tree crowns. Three collections (28/4, 20/5, and 9/7) in 2010 and two (11/5 and 23/6) in 2011 were done. Out of 55 detected species of true bugs, 43 species occurred in the alley and 29 in the orchard. Thirty-two species were predatory or partly predatory (58.18%), 22 species were phytophagous (40%), and one mycetophagous (1.82%). Keywords: true bugs, Malus domestica L., pests, species diversity Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 73-83 Volume: 49 Issue: 2 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/30/2012-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/30/2012-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-201302-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:49:y:2013:i:2:id:30-2012-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kuldeep SINGH Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural Entomology, Udai Pratap Autonomous College, Varanasi, India Author-Name: Narendra N. SINGH Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Entomology & Agricultural Zoology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India Title: Preying capacity of different established predators of the aphid Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt.) infesting rapeseed-mustard crop in laboratory conditions Abstract: Experiments on the preying capability of different stages of larvae of coccinellid and syrphid flies on the mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt.), were conducted in a laboratory during the winter cropping seasons of 2009-2010 and 2010-2011. Results revealed that grubs of the Coccinella septempunctata Linn. preyed the highest number of mustard aphids (average 61.42 aphids/day) followed by Syrphus confrater Wied (34.81 aphids/day), Syrphus balteatus Deg. (32.26 aphids/day) and Ischiodon scutellaris Fab. (27.76 aphids/day) during their larval span. Among the larval stages of the coccinellid and syrphid predators, it was also analysed that the last juvenile stage of the predators was proved the mightiest devourer against the aphid L. erysimi. These predators could be used effectively for the management of L. erysimi on rapeseed-mustard crop. Keywords: preying efficiency, coccinellid larvae, syrphid larvae Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 84-88 Volume: 49 Issue: 2 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/66/2011-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/66/2011-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-201302-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:49:y:2013:i:2:id:66-2011-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tomáš Středa Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Otmar Vahala Author-Workplace-Name: State Phytosanitary Administration, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Hana Středová Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agrometeorology and Phenology, Branch Office Brno, Czech Hydrometeorological Institute, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Prediction of adult western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte) emergence Abstract: The sum of effective temperatures (SET) of adult western corn rootworm (WCR) occurrence was determined based on several criteria. The risk of WCR occurrence was mapped, and the areas of continuous reproduction of WCR in the Czech Republic were identified. The daily soil SET was observed until the initial adult WCR occurrence, and it ranged from 414 degree days (DD) when the lower threshold temperature (LTT) was 12.5°C at 0.02 m depth to 719 DD (LTT of 10°C at a depth of 0.05 m). The daily air SET ranged from 415 DD (LTT 12.5°C at a height of 2 m) to 726 DD (LTT of 10°C at a height of 0.05 m). Keywords: corn insect pest, Zea mays L., soil temperature, effective temperature sum Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 89-97 Volume: 49 Issue: 2 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/28/2012-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/28/2012-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-201302-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:49:y:2013:i:2:id:28-2012-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Qing Qing Tan Author-Workplace-Name: College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, P.R. China Author-Name: Hai Yan Wu Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural College, Guangxi University, Nanning, P.R. China Author-Name: Shu Xia Jiang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, P.R. China Author-Name: Hong Bing Ma Author-Workplace-Name: College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, P.R. China Title: Mortality and movement behaviour of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus under different dosages of copper sulphate Abstract: The effects of in vitro exposure to different concentrations of copper sulphate for different durations on the mortality and locomotor behaviour of Bursaphelenchus xylophilus were evaluated. Copper sulphate showed strong effects against the nematode B. xylophilus at a low concentration (5 mg/l). The median lethal concentration (LC50) at 8, 24, 48, and 72 h were 31.634, 7.353, 6.557, and 5.568 mg/l, respectively. Mortality rate of B. xylophilus after treatment with various concentrations of copper sulphate for 6, 8, 24, 48, and 72 h were significantly different compared with control animals exposed to distilled water (P < 0.01). Locomotor activity of the nematodes decreased with increased duration of exposure and was completely lost after 8 h of exposure to 100 mg/l copper sulphate. Our results indicate that copper sulphate is effective against B. xylophilus and restricts their harmful effects on plants at least in part by inhibiting their movement. Keywords: LC50, mortality, locomotor behaviour, pine wood nematode Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 98-103 Volume: 49 Issue: 2 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/39/2012-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/39/2012-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-201302-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:49:y:2013:i:2:id:39-2012-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. Bartoš Author-Name: A. Lebeda Title: Dr Jens Jürgen Nielsen (1927-2013) Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 104 Volume: 49 Issue: 2 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/6721-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/6721-PPS.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:49:y:2013:i:2:id:6721-PPS