Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Index Author Author-Name: Index Author Institution Author-Name: Index Subject Title: INDEX OF VOLUME 50 (2014) Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: I-IX Volume: 50 Issue: 4 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/7729-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/7729-PPS.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:50:y:2014:i:4:id:7729-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Vaclav STEJSKAL Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Stored Pest Control and Food Safety, Division of Crop Management System, Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Radek AULICKY Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Stored Pest Control and Food Safety, Division of Crop Management System, Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Zuzana KUCEROVA Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Stored Pest Control and Food Safety, Division of Crop Management System, Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Pest control strategies and damage potential of seed-infesting pests in the Czech stores - a review Abstract: This work reviews the historical and current pest risks and research concerning seed storage in the Czech Republic (CR). Stored seed pests (i.e. animals causing injuries to the germ and endosperm) represent a high risk of economic damage due to the high value of seeds coupled with long-term seed storage in small storage units (e.g., boxes, satchels). Rodents represent a significant risk to all types of seeds, especially seeds stored in piles or bags. Mites, psocids, and moths are the main pests of stored grass and vegetable seeds: mites can decrease seed germinability by 52% and psocids caused 9.7% seed weight loss in broken wheat kernels after 3 months of infestation under laboratory conditions. Although beetles (Sitophilus sp., Tribolium sp., Oryzaephilus sp.) and moths (Plodia sp.) are common pests of grain seeds (e.g., wheat, barley, maize), two serious seed pests, Sitotroga cereallela and S. zemays, are rare in the CR. Bruchus pisorum is a common pest of pea seeds, while other Bruchids are rare in the Czech legume seed stores. Currently, the control of seed pests is becoming difficult because the efficient pesticides (e.g., methylbromide, dichlorvos, drinking anticoagulant rodent baits) for seed protection have been lost without the development of adequate substitutes. New research on seed protection in the CR using biological control (mite predators Cheyletus sp.), low pressure, modified atmospheres, and hydrogen cyanide is overviewed. Keywords: seed, arthropods, seed stores, pest risk Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 165-173 Volume: 50 Issue: 4 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/10/2014-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/10/2014-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-201404-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:50:y:2014:i:4:id:10-2014-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Josef ŠPAK Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Biology Centre, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: Daniela PAVINGEROVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Biology Centre, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jaroslava PŘIBYLOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Biology Centre, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: Vlastimila ŠPAKOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Biology Centre, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: František PAPRŠTEIN Author-Workplace-Name: Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology Holovousy Ltd., Holovousy, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jiří SEDLÁK Author-Workplace-Name: Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology Holovousy Ltd., Holovousy, Czech Republic Title: Blueberry red ringspot virus eliminated from highbush blueberry by shoot tip culture Abstract: In order to find an effective elimination method of Blueberry red ringspot virus (BRRV), shoot tips of 2-3 mm size originating from buds of highbush blueberry cv. Darrow naturally infected by BRRV and collected in winter months were regenerated and multiplied on woody-plant medium (WPM) with 1.5 mg/l zeatin and 20 g/l sucrose. Developed shoots tested negative by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for BRRV were transferred onto a rooting medium consisting of WPM supplemented with 1 mg/l indole-3-butyric acid. Rooting plants were transferred into soil and tested twice by PCR 6 months apart. Ninety per cent eradication of BRRV was achieved while isolating shoot tips, multiplying them in one vegetative generation, and regenerating whole 50-60 cm high plants within 30 months. All plants developed rich fruits after their overwintering in a cold greenhouse and were tested BRRV negative in summer 2013. Keywords: BRRV, in vitro, PCR, Vaccinium corymbosum L., virus-free, virus elimination Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 174-178 Volume: 50 Issue: 4 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/84/2013-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/84/2013-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-201404-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:50:y:2014:i:4:id:84-2013-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Sumer HORUZ Author-Workplace-Name: Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey Author-Name: Raziye CETINKAYA-YILDIZ Author-Workplace-Name: Biological Control Research Station, Adana, Turkey Author-Name: Mustafa MIRIK Author-Workplace-Name: Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey$2 Author-Name: Yesim AYSAN Author-Workplace-Name: Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey Title: Occurrence, isolation, and identification of Acidovorax citrulli from Melon in Turkey Abstract: During February and August of 2010 and 2011, disease symptoms were detected in melon (Cucumis melo cv. Surmeli) fields and commercial nurseries in Adana and Mersin provinces (Eastern Mediterranean Region, Turkey). Lesions on leaves and fruits were observed in nearly 75 and 85 acres production areas of melon in 2010 and 2011, respectively. Initial symptoms were water-soaked irregular spots, light brown to reddish spots advancing through veins on leaves, small water-soaked lesions, greasy, dark olive green colour areas on the surfaces of melon fruit followed by brown lesions, softening, and cracks. Thirty-five non-fluorescent, slow-growing, round, cream and Gram-negative bacterial isolates were isolated from symptomatic plant materials. The pathogenicity of the isolates was proved using melon seedlings and fruits. According to classical, serological, and molecular assays, the causal organism was identified as Acidovorax citrulli. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report and occurrence of bacterial fruit blotch disease on melon as a new host in Turkey. Keywords: Acidovorax, Cucumis melo, disease, fruit blotch, ELISA, PCR Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 179-183 Volume: 50 Issue: 4 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/30/2014-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/30/2014-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-201404-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:50:y:2014:i:4:id:30-2014-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Zahra MAGHOLI Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran Author-Name: Habib ABBASIPOUR Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran Author-Name: Rasoul MARZBAN Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biological Control, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Tehran, Iran Title: Effects of Helicoverpa armigera Nucleopolyhedrosis virus (HaNPV) on the larvae of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) Abstract: Laboratory studies were performed to determine the insecticidal activity of baculovirus against diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella. The nucleopolyhedrosis (HaNPV) was tested against 2nd instar larvae fed on cabbage leaf disks treated with aqueous suspensions of occlusion bodies (OB). Lethal concentrations values (LC25, LC50, and LC75) were 2.2 × 103, 3.8 × 104, and 6.6 × 105 PIB/ml for 2nd larval instars, respectively. Median lethal time (LT50) to similar response levels (mortality rates 50-75%) decreased with decreasing larval age (from 114.23 to 106.05 h). Larval development time and pupal weight were not affected by different concentrations (LC25, LC50, and LC75) of HaNPV. Significant differences were found in the pupal rate and adult emergence in larvae treated by different concentrations. In conclusion, HaNPV treatment failed to cause high mortality rates in P. xylostella larvae, but it had prompt deleterious effects on survivor's development and emergence. Keywords: DBM, HaNPV, LC50, LT50, biological parameters Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 184-189 Volume: 50 Issue: 4 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/78/2013-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/78/2013-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-201404-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:50:y:2014:i:4:id:78-2013-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mohammad VATANPARAST Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran Author-Name: Vahid HOSSEININAVEH Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran Author-Name: Mohammad GHADAMYARI Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, University of Guilan, Guilan, Iran Author-Name: Seyede MINOO SAJJADIAN Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran Title: Plant cell wall degrading enzymes, pectinase and cellulase, in the digestive system of the red palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Abstract: In digestion, the red palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, has been adapted to overcome the plant cell wall barrier, specially lignocellulosic and pectic compounds, by producing cellulase and pectinase enzymes. Partial biochemical characterisations of cellulase and pectinase were determined in the larval digestive system of the pest. Larval midgut extract showed an optimum activity for cellulase and pectinase against carboxyl methyl cellulose and pectin at pH 6.0 and 7.0, respectively. Larval midgut cellulase and pectinase were more stable at pH 4.0-8.0 and pH 6.0-8.0 than in highly acidic and alkaline condition, respectively. However, cellulase and pectinase showed to be more stable at pH 6.0 and 7.0, respectively, when the incubation time increased. Maximum activity for cellulase and pectinase incubated at different temperatures was observed at 50°C. Cellulase and pectinase activity significantly decreased in the presence of EDTA and SDS. On the contrary, Ca2+, Mg2+,and Na+ significantly affect pectinase activity and K+ did not affect the enzyme activities. Ca2+ and Mg2+ increased cellulase activity as well. KM and Vmax for pectinase activity were 0.92 mg/ml and 290 units/mg. Zymogram analyses revealed the presence of one form of pectin methyl esterase and one form of cellulase in the larval digestive system. Keywords: Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, digestive, carbohydrase, midgut, pectin Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 190-198 Volume: 50 Issue: 4 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/43/2013-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/43/2013-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-201404-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:50:y:2014:i:4:id:43-2013-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bahareh MOHAMMADZADEH TAMAM Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran Author-Name: Mohammad GHADAMYARI Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran Author-Name: Ahad SAHRAGARD Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran Author-Name: Azadeh KARIMI-MALATI Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Science, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran Title: Sublethal effects of spinosad on some biochemical parameters of Xanthogaleruca luteola (Müller) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Abstract: The effect of spinosad on some biochemical characteristics of Xanthogaleruca luteola was investigated. LC30 and LC50 of spinosad for the third instar larvae were determined as 1.6 and 2.9 ppm, respectively. Biochemical tests were carried out on the 3rd instar larvae treated with LC30 and LC50 of spinosad. The LC30 concentration decreased carbohydrate and glycogen content and increased lipid content significantly. There was a significant decrease in carbohydrate, glycogen, and protein contents following the exposure to LC50 concentration. Available energy of the larvae exposed to LC30 of spinosad increased significantly, whereas it decreased significantly at LC50. However, the energy consumed was increased at both concentrations significantly. Cellular energy allocation of larvae treated with LC50 concentrations of spinosad decreased significantly. Glutathione-S-transferase and esterase activities were increased significantly at LC50. However, lipase activity was decreased at both concentrations. Keywords: elm leaf beetle, spinosad, cellular energy allocation, glutathione-S-transferase and esterase activities, LC30 concentrations, LC50 concentrations Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 199-206 Volume: 50 Issue: 4 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/20/2014-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/20/2014-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-201404-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:50:y:2014:i:4:id:20-2014-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Akram TAGHIZADEH SAROUKOLAI Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Protection, Agricultural Science Faculty, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran Author-Name: Gadir NOURI-GANBALANI Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Protection, Agricultural Science Faculty, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran Author-Name: Hooshang RAFIEE-DASTJERDI Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Protection, Agricultural Science Faculty, Mohaghegh Ardabili University, Ardabil, Iran Author-Name: Javad HADIAN Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Medicinal Plants, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran Title: Antifeedant activity and toxicity of some plant essential oils to Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) Abstract: Essential oils of Satureja khuzistanica Jamzad, Ocimum basilicum L., Myrtus communis L., Thymus daenensis Celak, Mentha spicata L., and Eugenia caryophyllus (Sprengel) were evaluated for nutritional indices and mortality of the 4th instar larvae and adults of Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say). Relative growth rate, relative consumption rate, efficiency of conversion of ingested food and feeding deterrent index were measured. Results showed that the most efficient essential oil on the 4th instar larvae and adults was S. khuzistanica (LC50 = 23.36 and 167.96 ppm, respectively). Even if all essential oils were effective on feeding deterrence of both stages of L. decemlineata, the essential oil of S. khuzistanica was the most effective. So, these essential oils can be used as potential control agents against both stages of L. decemlineata. Keywords: Satureja khuzistanica, Ocimum basilicum, Myrtus communis, Thymus daenensis, Mentha spicata, Eugenia caryophyllus, mortality, nutritional indices Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 207-216 Volume: 50 Issue: 4 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/9/2014-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/9/2014-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-201404-0008.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:50:y:2014:i:4:id:9-2014-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tuğba H. DOĞMUŞ-LEHTIJÄRVI Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey Author-Name: Ayşe Gülden Aday KAYA Author-Workplace-Name: Yenişarbademli Vocational School, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey Author-Name: Asko LEHTIJÄRVI Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry, Bursa Technical University, Bursa, Turkey Author-Name: Funda OSKAY Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry, Çankiri Karatekin University, Çankiri, Turkey Author-Name: Özgür Durmuş KAYA Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey Title: Occurrence and genetic similarity of Diplodia pinea on shoots and cones in seed orchards of Pinus spp. in north-western Turkey Abstract: Diplodia shoot blight disease can cause significant damage on coniferous trees and be particularly injurious to cones, which reduces the amount of seed production and germination. We investigated the disease severity and genetic variation of Diplodia pinea in one Pinus nigra and two P. sylvestris seed orchards. Disease surveys were carried out in İzmit (Marmara region, Turkey) in May 2012. Symptomatic shoots and cones were examined for the presence of pycnidia. Cultural and morphological characteristics of the isolates were studied using cultures grown on potato dextrose agar (PDA). Based on morphological characteristics and results using species specific primers, the pycnidia on shoots and cones were identified as D. pinea. In addition, Random Amplified Microsatellite Sequence (RAMS) analyses indicated that there was a single genet of D. pinea which caused the disease in the seed orchards. All of the 60 sampled trees were found to be infected by the fungus. There were differences in disease severity among the stands. Keywords: diplodia shoot blight, pine, RAMS, disease severity Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 217-220 Volume: 50 Issue: 4 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/17/2014-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/17/2014-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-201404-0009.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:50:y:2014:i:4:id:17-2014-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Vaidotas LYGIS Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Phytopathogenic Microorganisms, Institute of Botany of Nature Research Centre, Vilnius, Lithuania Author-Name: Ieva VASILIAUSKAITE Author-Workplace-Name: Agronomy Faculty, Aleksandras Stulginskis University, Kaunas, Lithuania Author-Name: Antanas MATELIS Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Phytopathogenic Microorganisms, Institute of Botany of Nature Research Centre, Vilnius, Lithuania Author-Name: Alfas PLIRA Author-Workplace-Name: Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding Department, Institute of Forestry, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Kaunas, Lithuania Author-Name: Rimvydas VASAITIS Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forest Mycology and Pathology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden Title: Fungi in living and dead stems and stumps of Pinus mugo on coastal dunes of the Baltic Sea Abstract: Communities of xylotrophic fungi were studied in wood of Pinus mugo of different qualities: (i) living stems, (ii) cut stumps, (iii) burned snags, (iv) cut burned stumps, (v) stems recently killed by root rot, and (vi) old snags of root rot-killed trees. A total of 277 isolates representing 58 fungal taxa were obtained from 300 wood samples (50 samples per each substrate category). Results of the present study suggested that following different disturbances (tree felling, forest fire or root rot), fungal communities likely evolve in different directions: depending on its origin (cut, burned or killed by the disease), dead wood might be inhabited by principally different microbial assemblages, and that fire has less effect on community structures than tree felling or root rot. Keywords: forest fire, fungal diversity, mountain pine, mycobiota, root rot, succession Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 221-226 Volume: 50 Issue: 4 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/25/2014-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/25/2014-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-201404-0010.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:50:y:2014:i:4:id:25-2014-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Asko LEHTIJÄRVI Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry, Bursa Technical University, Osmangazi-Bursa, Turkey Author-Name: H. Tuğba DOĞMUŞ-LEHTIJÄRVI Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey Author-Name: Funda OSKAY Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry, Çankiri Karatekin University, Çankiri, Turkey Title: Cylindrocladium buxicola is threatening the native Buxus sempervirens populations in Turkey - short communication Abstract: Cylindrocladium buxicola is a fungal pathogen of Buxus spp. in Turkey; the pathogen was first noted in 2011 on the native populations of B. sempervirens in forests in Trabzon in the Black Sea region. Surveys conducted in November 2012 revealed a devastating impact of the pathogen on natural B. sempervirens populations, in which the trees were either dead or severely defoliated. The epidemic had spread 3-25 km along the river valleys near the Black Sea coast. Similar river valleys further inland were still free of infection or showed only the very first signs of arrival of the epidemic. The disease has recently been found also in nurseries. All isolates tested belonged to the G1 clade. Keywords: Cylindrocladium pseudonaviculatum, boxwood blight, epidemic, Black Sea region, invasive alien species Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 227-229 Volume: 50 Issue: 4 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/18/2014-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/18/2014-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-201404-0011.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:50:y:2014:i:4:id:18-2014-PPS