Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jiban Kumar KUNDU Author-Workplace-Name: Division of Crop Protection and Plant Health, Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Sebastien GADIOU Author-Workplace-Name: Division of Crop Protection and Plant Health, Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Gabriela SCHLESINGEROVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Division of Diagnostics, Central Institute for Supervising and Testing in Agriculture, Olomouc, Czech Republic Author-Name: Miroslava DZIAKOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Division of Diagnostics, Central Institute for Supervising and Testing in Agriculture, Olomouc, Czech Republic Author-Name: Václav ČERMÁK Author-Workplace-Name: Division of Diagnostics, Central Institute for Supervising and Testing in Agriculture, Olomouc, Czech Republic Title: Emergence of quarantine Tobacco ringspot virus in Impatiens walleriana in the Czech Republic Abstract: Tobacco ringspot virus (TRSV) is a quarantine pathogen in Europe. During an official inspection in November 2011, Impatiens walleriana plants showing symptoms were found in a nursery in the Czech Republic. The causal agent of the disease was detected as Nepovirus group A by RT-PCR using specific primers of the Nepovirus group. Sequence analysis of PCR fragments confirms that the detected virus is TRSV. TRSV detection in these plants was further confirmed by ELISA and one-step RT-PCR using specific primers. The coat protein (CP) gene of the Czech TRSV isolate was sequenced, and the sequence analysis showed high identity of both nucleotide (99.28%) and amino acid (99.96%) levels compared with other known TRSV isolates from GenBank. Two amino acid motifs characteristic of nepoviruses, FDDY (FDAY) and FWGR (FYGR), were found equally at positions 80 and 497 of the TRSV CP genes, respectively, including the sequences described in this study. Keywords: TRSV, RT-PCR, quarantine pathogen Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 115-123 Volume: 51 Issue: 3 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/3/2015-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3/2015-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-201503-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:51:y:2015:i:3:id:3-2015-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kanta Kumar Lobin Author-Workplace-Name: Plant Pathology Division, Food and Agricultural Research and Extension Institute (FAREI), Reduit, Mauritius Author-Name: Jiří Svoboda Author-Workplace-Name: Division of Plant Protection and Plant Health, Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Aleš Lebeda Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic Author-Name: Diana Yamini Dhooky Author-Workplace-Name: Plant Pathology Division, Food and Agricultural Research and Extension Institute (FAREI), Reduit, Mauritius Author-Name: Shamduth Pandey Benimadhu Author-Workplace-Name: Plant Pathology Division, Food and Agricultural Research and Extension Institute (FAREI), Reduit, Mauritius Title: Cucumber mosaic virus causal pathogen of oily spots on cucumber cv. Locale fruits in Mauritius - short communication Abstract: A field survey was carried out in cucumber plantations from different localities in Mauritius to identify the causal pathogen and assess incidence of oily spots on cucumber fruits cv. Locale. ELISA tests on symptomatic fruits showed the presence of CMV and ZYMV. The viruses from the genus Potyvirus PRSV and WMV-2 were not detected in the samples screened. Three types of symptoms were observed on infected cucumber fruits: distortion; distortion with oily spots, and oily spots. CMV was detected on fruits showing distortion with oily spots and those with oily spots only. ZYMV was detected in all fruits with distortion and not in those with oily spots only. The above findings showed that oily spots on fruits are caused by infection with CMV. Mechanical transmission of CMV from the oily spotted cucumber fruits to young cucumber cv. Locale plants clearly indicate the association of CMV infection with the oily spot symptoms. Keywords: CMV, Cucumis sativus, field survey, fruit distortion, DAS-ELISA, mechanical transmission Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 123-126 Volume: 51 Issue: 3 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/9/2015-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/9/2015-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-201503-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:51:y:2015:i:3:id:9-2015-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Esra KOÇ Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey Title: Exogenous application of spermidine enhanced tolerance of pepper against Phytophthora capsici stress Abstract: The effect of exogenous spermidine - Spd (0.1 and 1 mM) on the relation between polyaminoxidase (PAO), diaminoxidase (DAO), H2O2, and malondialdehyde (MDA) in three cultivars of pepper (Capsicum annum L.) exhibiting different tolerance to P. capsici stress: KM-Hot (P. capsici-tolerant), PM-217 (P. capsici-resistant), and CM-334 (P. capsici-highly resistant) was investigated. The 0.1 mM Spd pre-treatment led to an increase in DAO activity on the third day in three pepper cultivars under the stress of P. capsici, 1 mM Spd + P. capsici led to an increase in DAO and PAO activities on the fifth day if compared to P. capsici treatment alone. P. capsici alone caused an increase in the amounts of H2O2 at all times in all cultivars and in the amounts of MDA on the third and fifth days in all cultivars. Conversely; under the stress of P. capsici, pre-application of 0.1 mM Spd at all times in KM-Hot and CM-334 cultivars decreased the amount of MDA and H2O2 and on the first and third days in PM-217 cultivar decreased the amount of MDA and H2O2. This data indicates that exogenous Spd application before inoculation decreases the plasma membrane injury by decreasing the level of H2O2 and regulating the activities of amine oxidasein both P. capsici-sensitiveand P. capsici-resistant cultivars of peppers, so it may increase the tolerance of pepper cultivars against P. capsici. Keywords: amine oxidase, oxidative stress, pepper, pathogen, polyamine Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 127-135 Volume: 51 Issue: 3 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/86/2014-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/86/2014-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-201503-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:51:y:2015:i:3:id:86-2014-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jan NEDĚLNÍK Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural Research, Ltd., Troubsko, Czech Republic Author-Name: Miroslava STREJČKOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural Research, Ltd., Troubsko, Czech Republic Author-Name: Tereza SABOLOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural Research, Ltd., Troubsko, Czech Republic Author-Name: Bohumír CAGAŠ Author-Workplace-Name: Grassland Research Station at Rožnov-Zubří, OSEVA Development and Research Ltd., Zubří, Czech Republic Author-Name: Zdeněk BOTH Author-Workplace-Name: Grassland Research Station at Rožnov-Zubří, OSEVA Development and Research Ltd., Zubří, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jana PALICOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Bronislava HORTOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic Title: First report of Fusarium poae associated with and/or causing silvertop on loloid-type Festulolium in the Czech Republic Abstract: Silvertop is a serious disease of grasses, and severe infestations cause a great deal of damage every year (particularly to seed producers). Inflorescences of infected plants dry prematurely and are sterile. The genera Festuca, Poa, Agrostis, Trisetum, and Cynosurus are the most frequent hosts of this disease, which has newly been reported in a loloid-type intergeneric Festulolium hybrid. The disease was also observed in the genus Lolium, with only rare previous description. The suspicion that Fusarium poae is the causal agent of severe silvertop was confirmed, and the pathogen was morphologically described and confirmed by molecular analysis. The meadow plant bug (Leptopterna dolabrata) may be a vector transferring the pathogen to plants, although a direct pathogen transfer was not demonstrated. Grass colonisation by the pathogen therefore apparently occurs after plant tissues injury by sucking of the meadow plant bug. Keywords: disease, fertile stems, causal agents, grass hybrids, Leptopterna dolabrata Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 136-140 Volume: 51 Issue: 3 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/19/2015-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/19/2015-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-201503-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:51:y:2015:i:3:id:19-2015-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Katarína ADAMČÍKOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Branch for Woody Plants Biology, Institute of Forest Ecology, Slovak Academy of Sciences Zvolen, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Emília ONDRUŠKOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Branch for Woody Plants Biology, Institute of Forest Ecology, Slovak Academy of Sciences Zvolen, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Miriam KÁDASI-HORÁKOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Branch for Woody Plants Biology, Institute of Forest Ecology, Slovak Academy of Sciences Zvolen, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Mihai BOTU Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Horticulture and Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Horticulture, University of Craiova, Craiova, Romania Author-Workplace-Name: SCDP Valcea, University of Craiova, Valcea, Romania Author-Name: Marek KOBZA Author-Workplace-Name: Branch for Woody Plants Biology, Institute of Forest Ecology, Slovak Academy of Sciences Zvolen, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Gheorghe ACHIM Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Horticulture and Food Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Horticulture, University of Craiova, Craiova, Romania Author-Workplace-Name: SCDP Valcea, University of Craiova, Valcea, Romania Title: Distribution and population structure of the chestnut blight fungus in Romania Abstract: The occurrence of chestnut blight (Cryphonectria parasitica) was studied in 2011-2012 at 13 locations in the main chestnut growing areas of Romania. Infections were detected at four localities. The symptoms and the fungus were detected on European chestnut (four localities) and also on oak trees (two localities). A total of 89 isolates of C. parasitica were isolated and characterised. Based on canker and isolate morphology (culture morphology and the Bavendamm test), both virulent and hypovirulent samples were isolated; hypovirulent isolates were found at only one locality. Two vegetative compatibility types corresponding to EU-12 and EU-2 were identified among isolates. Both mating types were found, with a dominance of MAT-1 in southern Romania and MAT-2 in northern Romania. Keywords: Cryphonectria parasitica, European chestnut, oak, hypovirus, vc types, mating types Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 141-149 Volume: 51 Issue: 3 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/52/2014-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/52/2014-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-201503-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:51:y:2015:i:3:id:52-2014-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rein DRENKHAN Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Forestry and Rural Engineering (IFRE), Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia Author-Name: Kalev ADAMSON Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Forestry and Rural Engineering (IFRE), Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia Author-Name: Märt HANSO Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Forestry and Rural Engineering (IFRE), Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, Estonia Title: Fraxinus sogdiana, a Central Asian ash species, is susceptible to Hymenoscyphus fraxineus Abstract: Susceptibility of new host trees is an essential prerequisite for the alien pathogens. Today, an acute problem in Europe is ash dieback, caused by Hymenoscyphus fraxineus. Among the possible invasion routes of this fungus to Europe from its natural range in easternmost Asia, an arrival alongside the unbroken, passing the whole Eurasia chain of ranges of ash species should not be ignored, at least not before the determination of the western extent of the natural range of the pathogen. We established that in Estonia the ash species Fraxinus sogdiana, growing naturally in the "bottleneck" of that belt, in Central Asia, is susceptible to H. fraxineus. It is the first record of H. fraxineus on a Central Asian ash species. Keywords: "Krüssmann's ash belt", invasion routs, invasion pathways, introduction, exotic trees Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 150-152 Volume: 51 Issue: 3 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/89/2014-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/89/2014-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-201503-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:51:y:2015:i:3:id:89-2014-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ján KOLLÁR Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Planting Design and Maintenance, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Ladislav BAKAY Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Planting Design and Maintenance, Faculty of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Title: The Currant Clearwing moth Synanthedon tipuliformis (Clerck, 1759) as a new pest for pawpaw (Asimina triloba L.) in Slovakia - short communication Abstract: At the locality Čebovce we found damage on Asimina triloba cv. Prima and Corylus avellana, which is not a typical host plant. 20% of branches on the host plant Asimina triloba cv. Prima were damaged by the Currant Clearwing moth larvae. The leaves on the infested branches started to wilt in mid-August. Keywords: Sesiidae, insect pests, fruit production, Čebovce Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 153-155 Volume: 51 Issue: 3 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/16/2015-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/16/2015-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-201503-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:51:y:2015:i:3:id:16-2015-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Bugrahan EMSEN Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Science, Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University, Karaman, Turkey Author-Name: Erol YILDIRIM Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey Author-Name: Ali ASLAN Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biology Education, Kazim Karabekir Faculty of Education, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey Title: Insecticidal activities of extracts of three lichen species on Sitophilus granarius (L.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Abstract: Four different concentrations of extracts obtained from three lichen species (Lecanora muralis (Schreb.) Rabenh., Letharia vulpina (L.) Hue, and Peltigera rufescens (Weiss) Humb) were tested against adults of Sitophilus granarius (L.) in Petri dishes. After treatments, mortalities of the adults were determined after 24, 48, and 96 h. Expectedly, higher concentration and longer exposure time resulted in higher S. granarius mortality. Mortalities 96 h after treatments with the highest concentration (20 mg/ml) of extracts of L. vulpina, P. rufescens, and L. muralis were determined as 100, 100, and 86.86%, respectively. However, there were no dead insects in the control group. Values of LC50 after 96 h for L. muralis, L. vulpina, and P. rufescens extracts were 0.666, 0.505, and 0.328 mg/ml, respectively. Keywords: granary weevil, insecticidal effect, lichen extract Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 155-161 Volume: 51 Issue: 3 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/101/2014-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/101/2014-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-201503-0008.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:51:y:2015:i:3:id:101-2014-PPS