Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Veronika Řičařová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jan Kazda Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Khushwant Singh Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Pavel Ryšánek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Clubroot caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae Wor.: a review of emerging serious disease of oilseed rape in the Czech Republic Abstract: Winter oilseed rape is the second most frequently grown crop in the Czech Republic. Clubroot, caused by Plasmodiophora brassicae (Wor.), was previously a problem in production of vegetable. The disease has been spreading on winter rape (Brassica napus L.) over the past four years. Infected stands were reported throughout the country in autumn 2011. The pathogen is probably widely spread in the whole country, its incidence depends on suitable weather conditions. Every field with clubroot is considered as contaminated for many years. The amounts of inoculum and its distribution are not sufficient yet, but this is just the initial stage of colonisation. There is a similar situation resembling experiences from other countries (Canada, Germany) where clubroot has gradually expanded in the last 15 years. Keywords: winter oilseed rape, Brassica napus L., clubroot disease, biology, pathopypes, resistance Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 71-86 Volume: 52 Issue: 2 Year: 2016 DOI: 10.17221/87/2015-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/87/2015-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-201602-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:52:y:2016:i:2:id:87-2015-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Zahra GHOLAMI Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran Author-Name: Amin SADEGHI Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran Title: Management strategies for western flower thrips in vegetable greenhouses in Iran: a review Abstract: Chemical, biological, cultural, and mechanical controls are the main strategies of the Integrated Pest Management program for F. occidentalis. The insecticides play an important role in the western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), management. Spinosad, pyridalyl, and botanical insecticides such as oxymatrine and azadirachtin are new and effective insecticides for the control of F. occidentalis. The best control finally is possible when all of the strategies are used together. Awareness on integrated pest management strategies can improve the integrated pest management strategies. Keywords: Frankliniella occidentalis, chemical control, biological control, pyridalyl, oxymatrine Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 87-98 Volume: 52 Issue: 2 Year: 2016 DOI: 10.17221/2/2015-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2/2015-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-201602-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:52:y:2016:i:2:id:2-2015-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ilker Büyük Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Author-Name: Sümer Aras Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Author-Name: Demet Cansaran-Duman Author-Workplace-Name: Biotechnology Institute, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey Title: Varied expression pattern of the small heat shock protein gene encoding HSP17.7 against UVA, UVB, Cu2+ and Zn2+ stresses in sunflower Abstract: Today, one of the main objectives of agricultural biotechnology area is to find the responsible genes involved in stress response and engineering these genes to improve the plant response mechanisms. Therefore the current study was conducted to gain an insight on the role of HSP17.7 gene, which is a member of sHsps family, in defence mechanism of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L. cv. Confeta -Turkish cultivar) treated with different doses of UVA and UVB (4, 8, 12 and 20 kJ/m2) and concentrations of copper (Cu2+) and zinc (Zn2+) (80, 160, 320, 640, and 1280 µM) heavy metals. Based on our data, it was observed that different doses of UVA and UVB irradiation resulted in increased levels of HSP17.7 mRNA in sunflower plants. The highest levels of these increases (8 and 12 kJ/m2 of UVA) were seen under UVA stress. In contrast to UV stress, only the Cu2+concentration of 1280 µM led to higher expression levels of HSP17.7 gene compared to the control. Besides this, the 1280 µM concentration of Zn2+ treatment was the peak point of increased HSP17.7 mRNA levels for all stress conditions with nearly 8 times more than in the control sample. Negative correlations were found between malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and expression levels of HSP17.7 gene in sunflower plants subjected to current abiotic stress conditions. This correlation might indicate that an effective defence mechanism was in action and it might be concluded that the HSP17.7 gene can be used for identification of cultivars tolerant to UV and high doses of Cu2+ and Zn2+ for molecular breeding studies in the near future. These findings provide evidence of the HSP17.7 gene contribution to abiotic stress response in sunflower and will be helpful for the next studies about stress tolerance improvement in sunflower plants. Keywords: sHsps, HSP17.7 gene, qRT-PCR, abiotic stress, Helianthus annuus L Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 99-106 Volume: 52 Issue: 2 Year: 2016 DOI: 10.17221/125/2015-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/125/2015-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-201602-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:52:y:2016:i:2:id:125-2015-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Rae-Dong Jeong Author-Workplace-Name: Research Division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Republic of Korea Author-Name: Eun-Hee Chu Author-Workplace-Name: Research Division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Republic of Korea Author-Name: Gun Woong Lee Author-Workplace-Name: Research Division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Republic of Korea Author-Name: Jeong Mee Park Author-Workplace-Name: Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, KRIBB, Daejeon, Republic of Korea Author-Name: Hae-Jun Park Author-Workplace-Name: Research Division for Biotechnology, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Republic of Korea Title: Effect of gamma irradiation on Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 - short communication Abstract: Gamma irradiation (GI) was evaluated for its in vitro and in vivo antibacterial activity against bacterial specks of tomato, Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst). GI showed complete inactivation of Pst DC3000, especially at a dose of 200 Gy in vitro. Gamma-irradiated bacterial cells were found to (1) have spilled cytoplasmic contents, (2) display a damage on the surface of the cells, (3) have reduced membrane integrity, and (4) have fragmented genomic DNA, all in a dose-dependent manner. Consistent with the in vitro assay, a low dose of 150 Gy showed sufficient antibacterial activity on tomato seedlings. The present study suggested that the GI of bacterial cells results in substantial damage of the cell membrane, and that, along with DNA fragmentation, results in dose-dependent cell inactivation. These findings suggest that GI has potential as an antibacterial approach to reduce the severity of the bacterial speck disease of tomato. Keywords: antibacterial activity, bacterial speck of tomato, ionizing radiation Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 107-112 Volume: 52 Issue: 2 Year: 2016 DOI: 10.17221/68/2015-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/68/2015-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-201602-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:52:y:2016:i:2:id:68-2015-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Most Waheda Rahman Ansary Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biotechnology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh Author-Name: Effi Haque Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biotechnology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh Author-Name: M. Helen West Author-Workplace-Name: School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, UK Author-Name: Mahbubur M. Rahman Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biotechnology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh Author-Name: Abdul Mannan Akanda Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Pathology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh Author-Name: Yuanchao Wang Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agricultural University, P.R. China (Workplace: Laboratory of Biotechnology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh) Author-Name: M. Tofazzal Islam Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biotechnology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh Title: Medicinal plant extracts and protein kinase C inhibitor suppress zoosporogenesis and impair motility of Phytophthora capsici zoospores Abstract: The effects of water and acetone extracts from 100 medicinal plants growing in Bangladesh, along with a selective inhibitor of protein kinase C (PKC), chelerythrine chloride, were tested on zoosporogenesis (release of zoospores from the sporangia) and motility of Phytophthora capsici zoospores. Among 10 active crude acetone extracts, those from Psidium guajava and Nigella sativa (100 μg/ml) suppressed zoosporogenesis relative to the control (100% zoospore release) to 60 and 40% released, respectively and inhibited motility of 100% of the zoospores within 60 min of treatment. Chelerythrine chloride also suppressed zoosporogenesis (30% released) at 0.1 μg/ml and inhibited motility of 100% zoospores at 0.2 μg/ml within 60 minutes. Among water extracts of 100 medicinal plants, 56 impaired motility of zoospores in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Diluted (20-fold) water extracts of 10 plants including Ocinum gratissimum, Terminalia bohera, and Duranta plumeri inhibited motility and subsequently caused lysis of zoospores. As the inhibition of zoosporogenesis and zoospore motility limit the possibility of infection by the peronosporomycete phytopathogen, the inhibitory crude extracts of medicinal plants identified in this study should have great potential for practical use as biopesticides against P. capsici. Keywords: secondary metabolits, biopesticides, chelerythrine chloride, bioassay, zoospore motility, Nigella sativa Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 113-122 Volume: 52 Issue: 2 Year: 2016 DOI: 10.17221/103/2015-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/103/2015-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-201602-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:52:y:2016:i:2:id:103-2015-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jan Blažek Author-Workplace-Name: Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology Holovousy Ltd., Holovousy, Czech Republic Author-Name: Lubor Zelený Author-Workplace-Name: Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology Holovousy Ltd., Holovousy, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jana Křelinová Author-Workplace-Name: Research and Breeding Institute of Pomology Holovousy Ltd., Holovousy, Czech Republic Title: Heritability of powdery mildew and scab resistance within apple progenies Abstract: The occurrence of both diseases was evaluated for four years in a selected orchard where 22 different apple progenies, totalling 699 seedlings were planted. During this period, no chemical protection against the diseases was applied in the orchard, and the incidence of the diseases was rated using a 9-point scale (from 9 = not infected to 1 = very highly infected). For the finalisation of the results, each seedling was characterised by the highest rate of infection from all four years of the evaluation. The lowest mean level of mildew infection equal to 7.47 was observed in the progeny of Resista × McIntosh Wijcik. Concerning the scab, the best was the progeny of Resista × Karmína having a rating equal to 8.27. The highest level of segregation of seedlings having joint resistance to both diseases was found out in the progenies obtained by crossings of HL665 × HL782 and Resista × HL447. Keywords: Malus × domestica, joint resistance, progeny segregation, apple breeding Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 123-127 Volume: 52 Issue: 2 Year: 2016 DOI: 10.17221/130/2015-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/130/2015-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-201602-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:52:y:2016:i:2:id:130-2015-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mohamed Ahmed Ibrahim Ahmed Author-Workplace-Name: Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt Author-Workplace-Name: Center for Health and the Environment, Environmental Toxicology Department, University of California Davis, Davis, USA Author-Name: Sobhy Ahmed Hasan Temerak Author-Workplace-Name: Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt Author-Name: Farouk Abdel-Kawi Abdel-Galil Author-Workplace-Name: Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt Author-Name: Samir Hasan Mohamed Manna Author-Workplace-Name: Plant Protection Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt Title: Susceptibility of field and laboratory strains of Cotton leafworm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to spinosad pesticide under laboratory conditions Abstract: The susceptibility of field and laboratory strains against all instars larvae of S. littoralis to spinosad pesticide after a 24- and 48-h exposure and under laboratory conditions was investigated. As a result against 1st instar larvae, the LC50 values after 24 h were 12 and 0.275 µg/ml for laboratory and field strain, respectively. In addition, the resistance ratio (RR) of 1st instar was 43.64-fold. In this interim, the 48 h LC50 values were 8.7 and 0.18 µg/ml for laboratory and field strain, respectively and the RR was 48.33-fold, which revealed the field strain was more susceptible to spinosad than the laboratory strain. Distinctly similar trend was shown for later instar larvae stages. For instance, in 6th instar larvae, the LC50 values after a 24-h exposure to spinosad were 1100 and 105 µg/ml for the laboratory and field strain, respectively, and the RR value was 10.48-fold. Furthermore, after a 48-h exposure, the LC50 values for laboratory and field strains were 500 and 42 µg/ml, respectively, with RR value being 11.90-fold. On the other hand, according to relative tolerance values, the 6th instar larvae were the most tolerant instar of all the instars tested. The susceptibility of 6th, 5th, and 4th instar larvae was comparable and significantly lower than that of 3rd, 2nd, and 1st instar larvae. However, the 1st instar was the least tolerant. The results implied that spinosad may play a potential role in the control of S. littoralis and, therefore, it is considered a promising tool in integrated pest management program to control Cotton leafworm which is becoming resistant to conventional pesticides in Egypt. Keywords: spinosad, Spodoptera littoralis, cotton, insecticide resistance, integrated pest management (IPM) Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 128-133 Volume: 52 Issue: 2 Year: 2016 DOI: 10.17221/5/2015-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5/2015-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-201602-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:52:y:2016:i:2:id:5-2015-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Renata Bažok Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural Zoology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: Mihaela Šatvar Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural Zoology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: Ivan Radoš Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural Zoology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: Zrinka Drmić Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural Zoology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: Darija Lemić Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural Zoology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: Maja Čačija Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural Zoology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: Helena Virić Gašparić Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural Zoology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia Title: Comparative efficacy of classical and biorational insecticides on sugar beet weevil, Bothynoderes punctiventris Germar (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Abstract: The contact and ingestion activity and the potential of the insecticide spinosad for the control of sugar beet weevil were evaluated and compared with commercially used insecticides lambda-cyhalothrin and chlorpyriphos + cypermethrin. Results of three laboratory trials proved very good efficacy of spinosad applied at the dose of 72 g a.i./ha. Its efficacy was similar to chlorpyriphos + cypermethrin and significantly higher than that of lambda-cyhalothrin. Due to its favourable eco-toxicological properties and good ingestion activity, spinosad is a good candidate to be introduced in the integrated pest management strategy against beet weevil. Keywords: Bothynoderes punctiventris, biorational insecticides, contact activity, ingestion activity, spinosad, sugar beet Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 134-141 Volume: 52 Issue: 2 Year: 2016 DOI: 10.17221/86/2015-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/86/2015-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-201602-0008.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:52:y:2016:i:2:id:86-2015-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ján KOLLÁR Author-Workplace-Name: Horticulture and Landscape Engineering Faculty, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Marek BARTA Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Forest Ecology SAS, Mlyňany Arboretum, Slepčany, Slovak Republic Title: The first record of tulip tree aphid, Illinoia liriodendri (Hemiptera: Aphididae), from Slovakia - short communication Abstract: The tulip tree aphid, Illinoia liriodendri, is reported in Slovakia for the first time. Colonies of I. liriodendri were found on tulip trees, Liriodendron tulipifera, in two locations of south-western Slovakia in 2014 and 2015. Colonies of nymphs and viviparous females fed on the underside of leaves with no significant symptoms of damage to tulip trees. In this short study, the first report of the aphid from Slovakia is presented and original illustrations with results of morphometric analysis of alate viviparous females are provided. Keywords: alate females, Liriodendron tulipifera Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 142-146 Volume: 52 Issue: 2 Year: 2016 DOI: 10.17221/109/2015-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/109/2015-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-201602-0009.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:52:y:2016:i:2:id:109-2015-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: V. Stejskal Title: Doc Dr Alois Honěk, CSc. - seventy Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 147-148 Volume: 52 Issue: 2 Year: 2016 DOI: 10.17221/2/2016-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2/2016-PPS.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:52:y:2016:i:2:id:2-2016-PPS