Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: María I. Dinolfo Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Functional Biology and Biotechnology (BIOLAB)-INBIOTEC Author-Workplace-Name: National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Caba, Argentina$3 Author-Name: Eliana Castañares Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Functional Biology and Biotechnology (BIOLAB)-INBIOTEC Author-Workplace-Name: National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Caba, Argentina$3 Author-Name: Sebastián A. Stenglein Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Functional Biology and Biotechnology (BIOLAB)-INBIOTEC Author-Workplace-Name: National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Caba, Argentina$3 Author-Workplace-Name: and Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Agronomy, National University of the Center of the Buenos Aires Province, Azul, Buenos Aires, Argentina Title: Fusarium-plant interaction: state of the art - a review Abstract: One of the most important genera able to develop diseases in cereals is Fusarium which not only produces losses by the fungal presence but also mycotoxin production harmful to human and animal consumers. In the environment, plants are continuously threatened by abiotic and biotic stresses. Among the latter, pathogens gained importance mainly due to their ability to affect the plant fitness. To protect against potential attacks, plants have developed strategies in which phytohormones have an essential role. In plant-pathogen interactions, salicylic acid, ethylene, and jasmonates are the most important, but there are also auxins, gibberellins, abscisic acid, cytokinins, brassinosteroids, and peptide hormones involved in plant defence. The interaction between Fusarium species and plants used as models has been developed to allow understanding the plant behaviour against this kind of pathogen with the aim to develop several strategies to decrease the Fusarium disease effects. Keywords: phytohormones, signalling pathways Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 61-70 Volume: 53 Issue: 2 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/182/2015-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/182/2015-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-201702-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:53:y:2017:i:2:id:182-2015-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ewa B. Moliszewska Title: Differentiation of the disease caused by Aphanomyces cochlioides and girth scab on sugar beet roots - a review Abstract: Severe symptoms of root rot on sugar beet have been observed in Poland and Germany since 2001. The symptom classification suggested girth scab as it was mistakenly classified on the basis of current classification, e.g. in LIZ. However, the cause of the disease was Aphanomyces cochlioides infection, not Streptomyces spp. According to these findings we cannot call the symptoms caused by A. cochlioides as 'girth scab'. The typical scab (girth scab) symptoms can be promoted by A. cochlioides infections. In many cases, A. cochlioides developed at the beginning of the season, during the seedling stage. Its further development was due to rainfall and was not routinely recognised in disease-changed tissues if in the middle of the summer the rainfall level was reduced. According to the described findings, renewed description and differentiation of the girth scab symptoms caused by Streptomyces spp. and root rot caused by A. cochlioides on sugar beet roots are suggested. Typical symptoms of the disease caused by A. cochlioides occur mainly on the upper part of the root but can also occur on its lower part, if weather conditions are favourable for the pathogen. The coexistence of A. cochlioides and Pythium spp. in the same niches is also possible. Currently the illustrations showing these symptoms are included in the 'girth scab' descriptions. Keywords: description, Pythium, Aphanomyces root rot, Streptomyces, symptoms Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 71-77 Volume: 53 Issue: 2 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/152/2015-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/152/2015-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-201702-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:53:y:2017:i:2:id:152-2015-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lamia Boukerma Author-Workplace-Name: Biological Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, USA Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Protection and Valorisation of Agro-Biological Resources. Saad Dahleb University, Blida, Algeria Author-Name: Messaoud Benchabane Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Protection and Valorisation of Agro-Biological Resources. Saad Dahleb University, Blida, Algeria Author-Name: Ahmed Charif Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Science, College of Agriculture & Author-Name: Lakhdar Khélifi Author-Workplace-Name: Biological Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, USA Title: Activity of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs) in the biocontrol of tomato Fusarium wilt Abstract: The potential of Pseudomonas fluorescens PF15 and Pseudomonas putida PP27 to protect tomato plants against Fusarium wilt under greenhouse conditions was evaluated. In vitro antagonism showed a significant inhibition of the pathogen growth (47%) revealed by PF15. However, PP27 presented a 10% rate of the mycelium inhibition. An in situ experiment was conducted with split-root design for induced systemic resistance (ISR) and without split-root design to measure both ISR and antagonistic activities. Fluorescent Pseudomonas revealed a delay in the onset of symptoms and slower kinetics of disease progression compared to the pathogen control. McKinney's index, which measures the severity of the disease, was reduced by 37-72%, and the levels of infection (incidence) by 7-36%. Keywords: Pseudomonas fluorescens PF15, Pseudomonas putida PP27, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici, Induced Systemic Resistance Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 78-84 Volume: 53 Issue: 2 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/178/2015-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/178/2015-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-201702-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:53:y:2017:i:2:id:178-2015-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Titi Thongkamngam Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Production Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok, Thailand Author-Name: Tanimnun Jaenaksorn Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Production Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok, Thailand Title: Fusarium oxysporum (F221-B) as biocontrol agent against plant pathogenic fungi in vitro and in hydroponics Abstract: Efficacy of non-pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum (F221-B) was assessed as a possible biocontrol agent against fungal pathogens, namely Curvularia lunata (C11, C12), F. semitectum (F113), F. oxysporum f.sp. lactucae (F221-R, F442-G), Rhizoctonia solani (R11, R12), Rhizoctonia sp. (R111, R112, R113) in vitro, while F221-B showed a moderate ability to inhibit the mycelial growth of tested fungi about 36-56%. Then, F221-B was further evaluated for its ability of controlling lettuce root rot and wilt caused by F442-G in hydroponics. It was revealed that F221-B reduced disease incidence and severity about 60-80% compared to the inoculated control and significantly promoted the growth of 3 lettuce varieties. Interestingly, using only F221-B gave the significantly highest fresh weight (twice over the healthy control). Conclusively, this study provides an important suggestion for further development of F221-B since it showed the ability of biocontrol agent and plant growth promoting fungus. Keywords: Curvularia lunata (C11, C12), Fusarium semitectum (F113), F. oxysporum f.sp. lactucae (F221-R, F442-G), Rhizoctonia sp. (R111, R112, R113), R. solani (R11, R12), dual-culture test Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 85-95 Volume: 53 Issue: 2 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/59/2016-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/59/2016-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-201702-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:53:y:2017:i:2:id:59-2016-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ján Tancik Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Gabriel Seljak Author-Workplace-Name: Agriculture and Forestry Institute Nova Gorica, Nova Gorica, Slovenia Title: Occurrence of Scaphoideus titanus Ball and some other Auchenorrhyncha in the vineyards of western Slovakia Abstract: A study of Auchenorrhyncha was carried out in 2014 and 2015 in 7 vineyard plots with different varieties and pest management strategies in the Nitra wine region and Lesser Carpathian wine region in western Slovakia. The aim of this study was to obtain information related to the presence of potential vector insects associated with grapevine yellows phytoplasmas from the Flavescence dorée and Bois noir groups. Insects were collected by sweeping with an entomological net. Thirty species of Auchenorrhyncha were identified as belonging to 6 families. Cicadellidae were the most abundant, comprising 20 species. Scaphoideus titanus was collected at 4 localities. Identification of the phytoplasma vector is critical to the national strategy for assessment and control of vectors spreading the phytoplasma disease in Slovakian vineyards. The first finding of Metcalfa pruinosa was noticed in vineyards in Slovakia. Keywords: Leafhoppers, planthoppers, Scaphoideus titanus Ball, phytoplasma vector, incidence Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 96-100 Volume: 53 Issue: 2 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/40/2016-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/40/2016-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-201702-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:53:y:2017:i:2:id:40-2016-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shao-Fang Liu Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China Author-Name: Guang-Jun Wang Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China Author-Name: Xiang-Qun Nong Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China Author-Name: Bin Liu Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, P.R. China Author-Name: Miao-Miao Wang Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China Author-Name: Shan-Lin Li Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, P.R. China Author-Name: Guang-Chun Cao Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China Author-Name: Ze-Hua Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China Title: Entomopathogen Metarhizium anisopliae promotes the early development of peanut root Abstract: The benefit of the entomopathogen Metarhizium anisopliae to early root development was evaluated. Two inoculating methods, conidia-suspension-drenching (T1) and conidia-coating (T2), were used when sowing peanut. The results showed that taproot length and lateral root number in T1 significantly increased compared to the control (T0) in days 4-10 after treatment, whereas no significant difference was found between T2 and T0. The fungal density by T1 and T2 fluctuated in the first 8 days, followed by a gradual decline. The ratio of the taproot length or lateral root number in T1 and T0 was significant relative to the fungal persistence. It suggested that M. anisopliae promotes peanut root development and should be considered as important factor in plant protection besides pest controls. Keywords: entomopathogenic fungus, growth promoting, taproot, lateral root, pollution-free plant protection Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 101-107 Volume: 53 Issue: 2 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/49/2016-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/49/2016-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-201702-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:53:y:2017:i:2:id:49-2016-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Marek Seidenglanz Author-Workplace-Name: 5 Author-Name: Jana Poslušná Author-Workplace-Name: 5 Author-Name: Pavel Kolařík Author-Workplace-Name: Agriculture Research Ltd., Troubsko, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jiří Rotrekl Author-Workplace-Name: Agriculture Research Ltd., Troubsko, Czech Republic Author-Name: Eva Hrudová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Crop Science, Breeding and Plant Medicine, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic$2 Author-Name: Pavel Tóth Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Crop Science, Breeding and Plant Medicine, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic$2 Author-Name: Jiří Havel Author-Workplace-Name: OSEVA Development and Research Ltd., Workplace at Opava, Opava, Czech Republic Author-Name: Eva Plachká Author-Workplace-Name: OSEVA Development and Research Ltd., Workplace at Opava, Opava, Czech Republic Author-Name: Ján Táncik Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Kamil Hudec Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Title: Negative correlations between the susceptibilities of Czech and Slovak pollen beetle populations to lambda-cyhalothrin and chlorpyrifos-ethyl in 2014 and 2015 Abstract: Sixty-five Czech Meligethes populations were tested against lambda-cyhalothrin and chlorpyrifos-ethyl in 2014. In 2015, totally sixty Meligethes populations, some of which sampled also in Slovakia, were tested against the two insecticides. Adult vial tests by IRAC (Insecticide Resistance Action Committee) were used for testing (No. 011 v. 3 for lambda-cyhalothrin and No. 025 for chlorpyrifos-ethyl). For each of the tested populations the LC50, LC90, and in 2015 also LC95 values were determined for both these insecticides. Correlation analyses were made with transformed (log10 transformation) LC values. No significant correlation was recorded between the LC50 values. Contrary to that, significant (P < 0.05) negative (r values for negative) correlations were recorded between the LC90 and LC95 values. Pyrethroid resistance in pollen beetle populations should indicate their slightly higher susceptibility to chlorpyrifos-ethyl. Keywords: Meligethes aeneus, pyrethroid resistance, susceptibility to organophosphates, IRAC adult vial tests Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 108-117 Volume: 53 Issue: 2 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/187/2015-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/187/2015-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-201702-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:53:y:2017:i:2:id:187-2015-PPS Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Roland Gerhards Author-Name: Kostyantyn Bezhin Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Weed Science, Institute of Phytomedicine, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany Author-Name: Hans-Joachim Santel Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Weed Science, Institute of Phytomedicine, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany Title: Sugar beet yield loss predicted by relative weed cover, weed biomass and weed density Abstract: Sugar beet yield loss was predicted from early observations of weed density, relative weed cover, and weed biomass using non-linear regression models. Six field experiments were conducted in Germany and in the Russian Federation in 2012, 2013 and 2014. Average weed densities varied from 20 to 131 with typical weed species compositions for sugar beet fields at both locations. Sugar beet yielded higher in Germany and relative yield losses were lower than in Russia. Data of weed density, relative weed cover, weed biomass and relative yield loss fitted well to the non-linear regression models. Competitive weed species such as Chenopodium album and Amaranthus retroflexus caused more than 80% yield loss. Relative weed cover regression models provided more accurate predictions of sugar beet yield losses than weed biomass and weed density. Keywords: crop-weed interaction, weed competition, yield loss function Journal: Plant Protection Science Pages: 118-125 Volume: 53 Issue: 2 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/57/2016-PPS File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/57/2016-PPS.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pps-201702-0008.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:53:y:2017:i:2:id:57-2016-PPS