Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Editorial Office
Title: List of Reviewers 2022
Journal: Plant Protection Science
Pages: I-II
Volume: 59
Issue: 1
Year: 2023
File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/artkey/pps-202301-0001_list-of-reviewers-2022.php
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Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpps:v:59:y:2023:i:1:id:pps-202301-0001

Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Fitra Parlindo
Author-Name: Suryo Wiyono
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
Author-Name: Efi Toding Tondok
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia
Title: Endophytic fungi and their potential in controlling white root disease of cashew
Abstract: White root disease is a significant disease of cashew caused by Rigidoporus sp. Five endophytic fungal isolates, namely AR31D (Fusarium proliferatum), AR42D (Penicillium citrinum), BR32C (Trichoderma asperellum), VNTB1 (Chaetomium sp.), and EAGS14 (Curvularia lunata), were assessed as the biocontrol agents against Rigidoporus sp. in vitro and in planta. The research objective was to obtain endophytic fungi that effectively control Rigidoporus sp. and their mechanisms. The in vitro test results showed that all isolates could inhibit Rigidoporus sp. and promote plant growth by producing volatile organic compounds, chitinase enzymes, and indole acetic acid. Meanwhile, only four isolates could solubilize phosphate with low-medium solubilization efficiency. The isolates successfully colonized the root of cashew saplings in 10-65%. The effectiveness of endophytic fungal isolates in controlling white root disease was determined by the mechanisms involved, such as resistance induction (increased activity of defense enzymes like polyphenol oxidase), chitinase enzyme production, indole acetic acid production, phosphate solubilization, and suppression of plant stress which observed from decreased malondialdehyde concentrations in saplings' roots. Trichoderma asperellum and Chaetomium sp. were the best isolates with the highest control effectiveness and stimulating plant growth.
Keywords: biological control, controlling mechanism, plant defense, Rigidoporus sp
Journal: Plant Protection Science
Pages: 73-91
Volume: 59
Issue: 1
Year: 2023
DOI: 10.17221/134/2021-PPS
File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/134/2021-PPS.html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Guihua Wang
Author-Workplace-Name: Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Haikou, P.R. China
Author-Name: Weihuai Wu
Author-Name: Jingen Xi
Author-Workplace-Name: Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Haikou, P.R. China
Author-Name: Helong Chen
Author-Workplace-Name: Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Haikou, P.R. China
Author-Name: Chunping He
Author-Workplace-Name: Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Haikou, P.R. China
Author-Name: Ye Li
Author-Workplace-Name: Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Haikou, P.R. China
Author-Name: Jinlong Zheng
Author-Workplace-Name: Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Haikou, P.R. China
Author-Name: John S. Hu
Author-Name: Kexian Yi
Author-Workplace-Name: Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Haikou, P.R. China
Title: Detection and molecular identification of a 16SrI group phytoplasma associated with sisal purple leafroll disease
Abstract: Sisal purple leafroll disease (SPLD) is a destructive disease affecting sisal in China, however, its etiology remains unknown. This disease is characterized by purple margins and rolling and yellowing of the leaves. Recently, phytoplasma was found to be present in SPLD-affected sisal according to PCR assay. To further verify the presence of phytoplasma, determine its association with SPLD and identify the possible pathogenic phytoplasma infecting sisal, 80 symptomatic and 65 asymptomatic sisal samples were collected from the main sisal farms in three Chinese provinces, including Hainan, Guangdong and Guangxi provinces, from 2018 to 2021. PCR assays and transmission electron microscopy further revealed the presence of phytoplasma. Nested PCR using the universal primer R16mF2/R16mR1 followed by R16F2n/R16R2 was confirmed as the most effective molecular method for the detection of phytoplasma in sisal. A comparison of the detection rate of phytoplasma in symptomatic (83%) versus asymptomatic (17%) sisal populations showed some association between phytoplasma and SPLD. Sequencing analyses, phylogenetic analyses, and virtual restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses confirmed the presence of phytoplasma in sisal belonging to 16SrI-B. This is the first report of 16SrI-B phytoplasma infecting sisal in China.
Keywords: PCR assays, 16S rRNA, universal primers, transmission electron microscopy, sequence analysis
Journal: Plant Protection Science
Pages: 19-30
Volume: 59
Issue: 1
Year: 2023
DOI: 10.17221/90/2022-PPS
File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/90/2022-PPS.html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Iveta Pánková
Author-Workplace-Name: Bacteriology, Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic
Author-Name: Václav Krejzar
Author-Workplace-Name: Bacteriology, Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic
Author-Name: Simona Buchtová
Author-Workplace-Name: Bacteriology, Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic
Author-Name: Radka Krejzarová
Author-Workplace-Name: Bacteriology, Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic
Title: Comparison of the shoot and blossom susceptibility of European and Asian pear cultivars to fire blight across different conditions
Abstract: The susceptibility of 14 pear cultivars to the bacterium Erwinia amylovora, the causal agent of fire blight disease, was evaluated using three different methods of in vivo inoculation - the leaf inoculation method on detached shoots of pear cultivars in a climate chamber, and the terminal shoot and blossom inoculation methods on potted trees of the same pear cultivars in a net house. The results of the artificial inoculations of the European and Asian pear cultivars were compared using the susceptibility score scale, as well as the ANOVA and post hoc methods. The differences among the pear cultivar susceptibility increased during the evaluation periods in the given year, but there were no significant differences between the annual evaluation in 2020 and 2021. The results of the pear cultivar susceptibility after inoculation of the detached shoots differed significantly from the results of the terminal shoot and blossom inoculation. The detached shoot susceptibility under pathogen-favourable conditions in the climate chamber was lower than the terminal shoot and blossom susceptibility in the net house for most pear cultivars. In both years, the highest values of the terminal shoot and blossom susceptibility were coincidently calculated for the Ananaska česká European old cultivar and the Nijissejkii Asian cultivar.
Keywords: Erwinia amylovora, artificial inoculation, climate chamber, net house
Journal: Plant Protection Science
Pages: 48-58
Volume: 59
Issue: 1
Year: 2023
DOI: 10.17221/55/2022-PPS
File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/55/2022-PPS.html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Yu Zhang
Author-Workplace-Name: Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests; Ministry of Education of PRC; School of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou, P.R. China
Author-Name: Mingyang Liu
Author-Workplace-Name: Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests; Ministry of Education of PRC; School of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou, P.R. China
Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Rubber Tree, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Haikou, P.R. China; State Key Laboratory Incubation Base for Cultivation & Physiology of Tropical Crops, Danzhou Investigation & Experiment Station of Tropical Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Haikou, P.R. China; Rubber Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, P.R. China
Author-Name: Dong Zhang
Author-Workplace-Name: Sanya Nanfan Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests; Ministry of Education of PRC; School of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou, P.R. China
Author-Name: Meng Wang
Author-Name: Lifeng Wang
Title: Characterisation of the HbSnRK2 gene family members and revealing specific HbSnRK2.2 functions in the stress resistance of the rubber tree
Abstract: SNF1-related protein kinase (SnRK2) is a critical positive regulatory factor in the abscisic acid (ABA) signalling pathway. However, the roles of the HbSnRK2 gene family members in the rubber tree, especially in response to stress, have not been thoroughly characterised. Here, we cloned six HbSnRK2 genes from the rubber tree. Based on the phylogenetic analysis, the HbSnRK2 family genes were divided into three groups. The motifs and intron numbers of HbSnRK2 were conserved. Analysis of cis-regulatory element sequences of all HbSnRK2 genes identified ABRE and TC-rich elements in the prompter of all the HbSnRK2 genes, illustrating that HbSnRK2 could be adjusted by the ABA and stress responsiveness. The qRT-PCR analysis showed that the expression patterns of the six HbSnRK2 genes differed in different tissues. The expression of these genes also differed under treatment with the plant hormone ABA, the HbSnRK2.2 gene was especially significantly expressed under the ABA treatment. Moreover, the HbSnRK2.2 gene responded to glyphosate, powdery mildew, heat stress and cold stress processes, which indicates that the HbSnRK2.2 gene plays an important role in phytohormone signalling and stress response in rubber trees. Taken together, the study provides valuable information to further define the role of the HbSnRK2 gene in rubber trees.
Keywords: SnRK2, Hevea brasiliensis Müll. Arg., phytohormone, signal pathway
Journal: Plant Protection Science
Pages: 59-72
Volume: 59
Issue: 1
Year: 2023
DOI: 10.17221/48/2022-PPS
File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/48/2022-PPS.html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Victor Funso Agunbiade
Author-Workplace-Name: Food Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Science, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa
Author-Name: Olubukola Oluranti Babalola
Author-Workplace-Name: Food Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Science, North-West University, Mmabatho, South Africa
Title: Endophytic and rhizobacteria functionalities in alleviating drought stress in maize plants
Abstract: Drought stress is among the significant forms of abiotic stresses that unfavourably affects maize survival as well as the development from germination to maturity. This paper, therefore, reviewed drought stress effects in maize plants and expatiated on the plausible adoptable mitigation measures to employ in curbing these effects as well. Water shortage prompts drought stress that alters the morphological, physiological and biochemical activities in maize plants. The major drought stress implications on the plant's survival are mostly in the area of altered metabolic functions, including nutrient metabolism, cell membrane integrity, water relationships, plant yield, photosynthetic processes, osmotic adjustment, and the pigment content. Mitigating strategies, such as the breeding of drought-tolerant varieties, genomic applications for drought tolerance enhancement in maize plants, as well as the use of rhizobacteria and endophytic bacteria, can be employed in alleviating drought stress and ensuring optimal maize productivity.
Keywords: crop improvement, crop yields, climate change, endophytic microbes, food security, sustainable agriculture
Journal: Plant Protection Science
Pages: 1-18
Volume: 59
Issue: 1
Year: 2023
DOI: 10.17221/61/2022-PPS
File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/61/2022-PPS.html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Adke Raghunandana
Author-Workplace-Name: Rice Pathology Laboratory, All India Coordinated Rice Improvement Programme, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, India
Author-Name: Devanna Pramesh
Author-Name: Gururaj Sunkad
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, India
Author-Name: Chittaragi Amoghavarsha
Author-Workplace-Name: Rice Pathology Laboratory, All India Coordinated Rice Improvement Programme, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, India
Author-Name: Manoj K. Yadav
Author-Workplace-Name: ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, Regional Station, Karnal, India
Author-Name: Umakanta Ngangkham
Author-Workplace-Name: ICAR-Research Complex for North-Eastern Hill Region, Manipur Centre, Imphal, Manipur, India
Author-Name: H.D. Pushpa
Author-Workplace-Name: ICAR-Indian institute of oilseeds research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, India
Author-Name: M.K. Prasannakumar
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, India
Author-Name: B.T. Raghavendra
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, India
Author-Name: Harischandra R. Naik
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agriculture Entomology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, India
Author-Name: Siddepalli E. Manjunatha
Author-Workplace-Name: Rice Pathology Laboratory, All India Coordinated Rice Improvement Programme, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, India
Author-Name: S.T Yenjerappa
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur, India
Title: Genetic diversity and pathotype profiling of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae isolates from diverse rice growing ecosystems of Karnataka state of India
Abstract: Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) disease of rice caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) is one of the significant constraints for rice production. A study was carried out to analyze the virulence, genetic diversity, and population structure of Xoo isolates collected from different rice ecosystems of Karnataka, India. The taxonomic identity of all 54 isolates was confirmed using a Xoo-specific PCR assay. The virulence assay on a set of twenty-eight near-isogenic differentials identified nine pathotype groups (KPthX-1 to KPthX-9). Among them, KPthX-6 was highly virulent, whereas KPthx-2 was less virulent. Differentials with four and five resistance (R) genes (Xa4+xa5+xa13+Xa21, Xa4+Xa7+xa13+Xa21, and Xa4+xa5+Xa7+xa13+Xa21) were effective against all the pathotypes. Further, genetic diversity was deduced using a universal marker set, JEL-1, and JEL-2, complementary to a conserved repetitive sequence IS1112. The amplicon size and numbers varied from 100 bp to 3 Kb and 1 to 25. Based on the amplicon counts, Jaccard's co-efficient and phylogenetic analyses were carried out and categorized the 54 isolates into three clusters (I to III). Cluster-II contains the maximum number of isolates (27), followed by cluster-I (23 isolates) and cluster-III (one isolate). The structure analysis categorized the isolates into five subgroups, viz. SG1, SG2, SG3, SG4, and SG5 indicate the existence of five subpopulations. The present study has identified the genetic and virulence diversity of the Xoo population and reported the effective R gene/s for different rice ecosystems, which can be used in the breeding program for the eco-specific management of BLB of rice.
Keywords: Rice, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae, ecosystem, pathotypes, virulence, R genes, diversity
Journal: Plant Protection Science
Pages: 31-47
Volume: 59
Issue: 1
Year: 2023
DOI: 10.17221/76/2022-PPS
File-URL: http://pps.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/76/2022-PPS.html
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Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0
Author-Name: Dleen Naji Abdulrahman
Author-Name: Raed A. Haleem
Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Protection, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Duhok, Duhok, Iraq
Title: Morphological and molecular characterization of Neoscytalidium isolates that cause canker and dieback in Eucalyptus and Chinaberry trees in Iraq
Abstract: Neoscytalidium Dimidiatum isolates are the most pathogens associated with sooty canker and dieback in the stem and twigs of Eucalyptus and Chinaberry trees in the Kurdistan region of Iraq. Young trees showed branch dieback and yellowing leaves. The symptoms were further developed to sooty canker and dieback appeared on the main branch and trunk. N. dimidiatum colonies on potato dextrose agar were dense white at first and became dark gray to black within seven to ten days. Arthric dark brown conidia (6.6x 4.3 µm) were observed in the chain of mycelium. The color of the colonies was white at the beginning, then eventually turned greenish in seven days, and finally became black. The fungus produced white to olivaceous aerial mycelium with chains of chlamydospores and arthroconidia. Conidia were initially hyaline, ellipsoidal to globose, 4.1-9.8 m × 2.8-3.5m, with muriform septa. The inoculated Eucalyptus and Chinaberry seedlings displayed necrosis streaks along with the barks and xylem of the inoculation points. Combined dataset of internal transcribed spacer (ITS), Nuclear Ribosomal Large Subunite (LSU), and Beta tublin 2a (Bt2a) using Maximum Likelihood and Maximum Parsimony analysis support the monophyletic on Neoscytalidium dimidiatum isolates from Iraq (N. hyalinum (No. B21), and Neoscytalidium novaehollandiae (No. B22)). This is the first time to report Neoscytalidium dimidiatum on Chinaberry in Iraq.
Keywords: Sooty canker, Neoscytalidium isolates, N. dimidiatum, phylogenetic lineages
Journal: Plant Protection Science
Pages: 92-105
Volume: 59
Issue: 1
Year: 2023
DOI: 10.17221/82/2022-PPS
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