Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Němeček Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: E. Podlešáková Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: R. Vácha Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Czech Republic Title: Transfer of trace elements with low soil mobility into plants Abstract: Trace elements with a low mobility and with a low transfer are Cu, As, Be, V, Cr, Hg. Copper has at low mobility an increased transfer quotient (content plant/soil). The lowest mobility and transfer show Cr and Hg. Only at the very high contents or increased mobilities of trace elements, which accompany the anthropogenic contamination, soil critical loading for crops can be attained. Because of the amount of the examined extremes, it was not possible to derive the proper critical values. Therefore we were able to assess only critical protective values. They represent minimum total contents of trace elements or their mobile forms, which eliminate risks. Keywords: Cu, As, Be, Cr, V, Hg, critical transfer into plants, protective critical values Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 45-50 Volume: 48 Issue: 2 Year: 2002 DOI: 10.17221/4358-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4358-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200202-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:48:y:2002:i:2:id:4358-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Wyszkowska Author-Workplace-Name: University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: J. Kucharski Author-Workplace-Name: University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: E. Wałdowska Author-Workplace-Name: University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland Title: The influence of diesel oil contamination on soil microorganisms and oat growth Abstract: The effect of diesel oil applied at 0, 2.4, 4.8 and 7.2 ml/kg of soil on yield of oat and number of oligotrophic, eutrophic, nitrogen immobilising, ammonifying and cellulolytic bacteria and Azotobacter sp., actinomyces and fungi was studied in a pot experiment. Inoculation with Streptomyces intermedius spores was used for soil detoxication. The experiment was performed in Eutric Cambisol soil derived from light clay sand. Diesel oil was found to have a negative effect on the growth and development of oat. Inoculation did not attenuate the response of oat to soil contamination with diesel oil, but it had a positive effect on oligotrophic and eutrophic bacteria as well as Azotobacter sp., nitrogen immobilising bacteria and fungi. Regardless of sown and unsown soil and inoculation with S. intermedius spores, diesel oil stimulated the number of oligotrophic, eutrophic, nitrogen immobilising bacteria and actinomyces. Sowing of oat positively affected microbiological properties of soil, because it had a positive influence on the relation of oligotrophic bacteria and actinomyces to fungi. This positive effect, however, was weakened by diesel oil. Keywords: diesel oil, oat yield, number of microorganisms Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 51-57 Volume: 48 Issue: 2 Year: 2002 DOI: 10.17221/4359-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4359-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200202-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:48:y:2002:i:2:id:4359-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Wyszkowska Author-Workplace-Name: University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: J. Kucharski Author-Workplace-Name: University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: E. Wałdowska Author-Workplace-Name: University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland Title: The influence of diesel oil contamination on soil enzymes activity Abstract: A pot experiment was conducted in order to examine the influence of soil contamination with diesel oil at 0.0, 2.4, 4.8 and 7.2 ml/kg on the activity of dehydrogenases, urease, acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase. The results indicated that diesel oil contamination of soil strongly inhibited the activity of dehydrogenases and soil urease, but had only a slight effect on the activity of acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase. The negative influence of diesel oil on the activity of dehydrogenases and urease was attenuated by soil inoculation with Streptomyces intermedius spores. The potential biochemical index of soil fertility computed from the soil enzymatic activity and carbon content was negatively correlated with diesel oil contamination and positively correlated with crop yield. Biochemical properties of soil were improved by oat cultivation. Keywords: diesel oil, soil enzymes activity Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 58-62 Volume: 48 Issue: 2 Year: 2002 DOI: 10.17221/4360-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4360-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200202-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:48:y:2002:i:2:id:4360-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Dubský Author-Workplace-Name: The Silva Tarouca Research Institute for Landscape and Ornamental Gardening, Prùhonice, Czech Republic Author-Name: F. Šrámek Author-Workplace-Name: The Silva Tarouca Research Institute for Landscape and Ornamental Gardening, Prùhonice, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Vosátka Author-Workplace-Name: The Silva Tarouca Research Institute for Landscape and Ornamental Gardening, Prùhonice, Czech Republic Title: Inoculation of cyclamen (Cyclamen persicum) and poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima) with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and Trichoderma harzianum Abstract: Dual inoculation of peat based horticulture substrate with a mixture of four species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and fungal biocontrol agent Trichoderma harzianum showed a significant positive effect on the growth and flowering of cyclamen plants. Inoculation substantially decreased plant mortality caused by spontaneous infection by the fungal pathogen Cryptocline cyclaminis. Plant mortality was also reduced by separate inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Both separately inoculated agents positively affected the plant growth, although to a lesser extent. Very few significant effects of inoculation were observed on the growth of poinsettia plants cultivated from cuttings. Use of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi together with the introduction of Trichoderma for inoculation of horticultural substrates is suggested to alleviate the inevitable effects of various stresses during the cultivation of horticultural crops. Keywords: Cyclamen persicum, Euphorbia pulcherrima, inoculation, arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, mycorrhizal growth response, Trichoderma harzianum Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 63-68 Volume: 48 Issue: 2 Year: 2002 DOI: 10.17221/4361-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4361-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200202-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:48:y:2002:i:2:id:4361-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Mrkvička Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Veselá Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Czech Republic Title: The influence of long-term fertilization on species diversity and yield potential of permanent meadow stand Abstract: Long-term fertilization of meadow stands affects the species composition, yields, and general pratotechnics. Observations were realised on a plane meadow of a mesophyte character in 1976-2000 years. Four variants were observed in the experiments (N0, N0P40K100, N100P40K100, N200P40K100) in four replications. Species composition of grass stands was variable in the followed period in the leaf area from 66 to 95% of the dominance (Table 1). Total abundance of species with PK-fertilization was almost identical in individual pentads (24-28 species) as it is evident in Table 2. Table 3 proves the highest dominance was found at Dactylis glomerata L. in the first five years. Rhizomatous grasses had the highest leaf area with 38-55% of the dominance on variants with the higher N doses (200 kg N/ha) + PK (Table 4). Table 5 demonstrates that the variant without fertilization showed nearly stable abundance of species with the higher than 1% (11-13). Reduction of species number especially with the dominance higher than 1% (5-11) followed at the highest N-fertilization in comparison with the check variant. The mean yield of dry matter was 2.75 t/ha, the stand fertilized by 40 kg P + 100 kg K/ha gave 30.6% increased of yield (Table 7). The highest yields were recording in the second year of the N-fertilization (8.28 and 10.12 t/ha). Keywords: permanent meadow stand, species diversity, yields Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 69-75 Volume: 48 Issue: 2 Year: 2002 DOI: 10.17221/4362-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4362-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200202-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:48:y:2002:i:2:id:4362-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: L. Tamás Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Botany, Slovak Academy of Science, Bratislava, Slovak Republic Author-Name: J. Huttová Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Botany, Slovak Academy of Science, Bratislava, Slovak Republic Author-Name: I. Mistrík Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Botany, Slovak Academy of Science, Bratislava, Slovak Republic Title: Effect of aluminium on peroxidase activity in roots of Al-sensitive and Al-resistant barley cultivars Abstract: The effect of Al stress on peroxidase activity and peroxidase isozymes was studied in roots of two barley cultivars with contrasting sensitivity to Al. Al treatment induced a tremendous enhancement of guaiacol peroxidase activity especially in roots of Al-sensitive barley cv. Alfor. After 48 h of Al treatment activity of peroxidase in roots of cv. Alfor was up to 5.5 times higher than the control roots. In contrast, activity of peroxidase in the roots of Al-resistant cv. Bavaria was about one half than that in roots of Al-sensitive Alfor. SDS-PAGE analysis revealed that at least five peroxidase isozymes are activated by Al treatment. Using IEF we determined that three of Al-induced peroxidase isozymes are cationic with pI about 8.2, 8.4 and 8.6, while two other are anionic isoperoxidases with pI about 4.0 and 4.5. Al induced increase in the activity of root peroxidases correlated with the extent of Al induced root growth inhibition. The inhibition of root growth in Al-sensitive Alfor represented 44% but in Al-resistant Bavaria only 21% in comparison with control plants. Higher peroxidase activity, as well, as higher inhibition of root growth in Al-sensitive Alfor suggest that enhanced oxidative stress generated by Al treatment is significantly more stressful in Alfor than in the Al-resistant Bavaria. Keywords: spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), roots, growth, isozymes, peroxidase, aluminium-stress Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 76-79 Volume: 48 Issue: 2 Year: 2002 DOI: 10.17221/4363-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4363-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200202-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:48:y:2002:i:2:id:4363-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Sabo Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Food Technology, J.J. Strossmayer University, Osijek, Croatia Author-Name: T. Teklić Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Food Technology, J.J. Strossmayer University, Osijek, Croatia Author-Name: I. Vidović Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Food Technology, J.J. Strossmayer University, Osijek, Croatia Title: Photosynthetic productivity of two winter wheat varieties (Triticum aestivum L.) Abstract: This paper deals with the influence of Mg, N and the content of chlorophylls and carotenoids on photosynthetic productivity of two new genotypes of winter wheat, Lara and Perla, at two localities, Donji Miholjac and Kutjevo, during the vegetation periods 1997/1998 and 1998/1999. The applied parameters were determined by standard methods. The results showed effects of Mg concentration on all examined parameters with the exception of chlorophyll b content. The highest correlation coefficient was with the N concentration, significant correlation between the leaf area and N concentrations and between the leaf area and chlorophyll a. Statistical analysis showed very significant relationship between the content of organic matter and examined parameters with a large number of significant correlations. The most important correlation was found between the content of organic matter and N concentration, and between chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoids and the content of organic matter. The link between N, Mg and other examined parameters was firm and significant as well as under strong influence of external factors. Keywords: Triticum aestivum L., genotype, magnesium, nitrogen, chloroplast pigments, organic matter Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 80-86 Volume: 48 Issue: 2 Year: 2002 DOI: 10.17221/4364-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4364-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200202-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:48:y:2002:i:2:id:4364-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: L. Borůvka Title: International Conference of the Czech Society of Soil Science and Joint Meeting of the Czech Society of Soil Science and the Soil Science Society of America - From the Sphere of Science Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 87 Volume: 48 Issue: 2 Year: 2002 DOI: 10.17221/4365-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4365-PSE.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:48:y:2002:i:2:id:4365-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: V. Kohout Title: Prof. Ing. František Hron, DrSc., osmdesátiletý (in Czech) - From the Sphere of Science Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 88 Volume: 48 Issue: 2 Year: 2002 DOI: 10.17221/4366-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4366-PSE.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:48:y:2002:i:2:id:4366-PSE