Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Špunar Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural Research Institute Kroměříž, Ltd., Czech Republic Author-Name: K. Vaculová Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural Research Institute Kroměříž, Ltd., Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Špunarová Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural Research Institute Kroměříž, Ltd., Czech Republic Author-Name: Z. Nesvadba Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural Research Institute Kroměříž, Ltd., Czech Republic Title: Comparison of important parameters of spring and winter barley cultivated in sugar beet production area of Czech Republic Abstract: Both spring and winter barley were sown after a forecrop of winter rape. Three registered model varieties of six row and two row winter barley reached in the period 1999-2001 significantly higher yield than three model varieties of spring barley. Two row spring and winter varieties produced significantly higher thousand grain weight (TGW) than six row winter barley. The resistance to diseases and lodging (correlation coefficient with resistance to powdery mildew represent 0.68**, rust 0.72*, lodging 0.61**) was the most important factor determining the yield. Resistance to rust has influenced sieving on 2.5 mm, correlation coefficient reached value 0.88**. No significant differences were determined in any malting quality parameter when varieties of two row winter barley variety (Tiffany), and spring barley varieties (Akcent and Tolar) were compared. Variety Tolar reached higher parameters for friability and a beta glucan content. Between years, significant differences were found in following parameters: protein content and apparent degree of attenuation. Due to reduction of area sown with spring barley and reduced yield potential, two row winter barley varieties with comparable malting parameters are recommended to be cultivated as the reserve crop for malting barley industry demands. Keywords: spring barley, winter barley, yield, malting quality, Hordeum vulgare L Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 237-242 Volume: 48 Issue: 6 Year: 2002 DOI: 10.17221/4233-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4233-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200206-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:48:y:2002:i:6:id:4233-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: V. Míka Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Crop Production, Prague-Ruzynì, Research Station of Grassland Ecosystems, Jevíèko, Czech Republic Author-Name: A. Kohoutek Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Crop Production, Prague-Ruzynì, Research Station of Grassland Ecosystems, Jevíèko, Czech Republic Author-Name: V. Odstrčilová Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Crop Production, Prague-Ruzynì, Research Station of Grassland Ecosystems, Jevíèko, Czech Republic Title: Characteristics of important diploid and tetraploid subspecies of Dactylis from point of view of the forage crop production Abstract: Tetraploid ecotypes originated from Atlantic coastal region in comparison to diploids are of large growing stature, they build looser tuft (P0.95), fewer vegetative offshoots (P0.99). Their leaves are coarser (P0.99), culms are thicker (N.S.), less foliaged (P0.99), the thousand-seed-weight is higher (P0.99). They are in heading time earlier, generally more productive, the forage quality is good. From diploid subspecies, it is the ssp. aschersoniana, which adapted to the climatic condition of central Europe best and meets the requirements of herbage production. Ssp. galiciana proved to be also a high yielding grass, possessing higher resistance against rust, mildew, and good resistance against fusarioses. Ssp. lusitanica has smoother leaves, but it is less yielding, leaves proportion in herbage is lower, and shows lower winter hardness. It seems to be of little interest as a genetic resource for simple forage grass breeding in this country. Keywords: grasses, cocksfoot, cultivars, ecotypes, forage grass breeding, genetic resources Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 243-248 Volume: 48 Issue: 6 Year: 2002 DOI: 10.17221/4234-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4234-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200206-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:48:y:2002:i:6:id:4234-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: S. Husnjak Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: D. Filipović Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: S. Košutić Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Croatia Title: Influence of different tillage systems on soil physical properties and crop yield Abstract: An experiment with five different tillage systems and their influence on physical properties of a silty loam soil (Albic Luvisol) was carried in northwest Slavonia in the period of 1997-2000. The compared tillage systems were: 1. conventional tillage (CT), 2. reduced tillage (RT), 3. conservation tillage I (CP), 4. conservation tillage II (CM), 5. no-tillage system (NT). The crop rotation was soybean (Glycine max L.) - winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) - soybean - winter wheat. Differences between tillage systems in bulk density, total porosity, and water holding capacity and air capacity were not significant in winter wheat seasons. In soybean seasons, significant differences between some tillage systems were recorded in bulk density, total porosity, air capacity and soil moisture. The deterioration trend of physical properties was generally increasing in the order CM, CT, CP, NT and RT. The highest yield of soybean in the first experimental year was achieved under CT system and the lowest under CP system. In all other experimental years, the highest yield of winter wheat and soybean was achieved under CM system, while the lowest under RT system. Keywords: soil physical properties, conventional tillage, conservation tillage systems, winter wheat, soybean Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 249-254 Volume: 48 Issue: 6 Year: 2002 DOI: 10.17221/4236-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4236-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200206-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:48:y:2002:i:6:id:4236-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Š. Klíčová Author-Workplace-Name: Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Šebánek Author-Workplace-Name: Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Hudeová Author-Workplace-Name: Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: H. Vítková Author-Workplace-Name: Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: H. Vlašínová Author-Workplace-Name: Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Czech Republic Title: The effect of fluridone and flurochloridone on the incidence of albinism in pea (Pisum sativum) and on the abscission of leaves of privet (Ligustrum vulgare) Abstract: The effect of fluridone (or flurochloridone), the inhibitor of carotenoid, chlorophyll and abscisic acid synthesis, on the abscission of Ligustrum vulgare leaves was investigated. Both forms of fluridone inhibited the abscission of petioles when they were applied as a 1.0% concentration in lanolin to the leaf blade. Fluridone was capable of inhibiting abscission even when it was applied to the petiole as late as 7 hours after the blade was cut off. Fluridone applied in lanolin to the apical part of intact pea seedlings or on the cut surface after decapitation of the epicotyl caused albinism of the stipules. The degree of albinism decreased according to the concentration of applied flurodine (from the highest - 0.5% to the lowest - 0.03%) and was higher in intact than in decapitated plants. Albinism also appeared in pea seedlings grown from seeds swollen in differently concentrated solutions of flurochloridone, particularly in the basal part of the shoots. Complete albinism occurred only in plants cultivated from seeds swollen in high concentrations (0.06-0.12%). The lowest concentration (0.007%) stimulated root growth of the pea seedlings, but inhibited epicotyl growth. Keywords: fluridone, flurochloridone, abscission, albinism, pea Pisum sativum, Ligustrum vulgare Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 255-260 Volume: 48 Issue: 6 Year: 2002 DOI: 10.17221/4237-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4237-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200206-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:48:y:2002:i:6:id:4237-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Chmelík Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Řehulka Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Střelcová Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: V. Kubáň Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: C. Mayrhofer Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: G. Allmaier Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Proteomic analysis of different extracts from barley grains Abstract: Identification of several proteins extracted with various solvents from barley grains was performed by the proteomic strategy based on a combination of gel electrophoresis, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and bioinformatics. The mass spectrometry-based strategy designed for protein identification exhibits good sensitivity and rapid protein identification in comparison to other methods. In order to simplify the protein mixture extracted from grains, we used sequential extractions of grains with various solvents (based on modified Osborne system). Several proteins (e.g. β-amylase, B3-hordein) were identified in this way. It seems that this approach can become an important tool for proteomics of cereals. Keywords: proteomics, protein identification, barley, mass spectrometry, grain extraction Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 261-264 Volume: 48 Issue: 6 Year: 2002 DOI: 10.17221/4239-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4239-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200206-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:48:y:2002:i:6:id:4239-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Pelikán Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute for Fodder Plants, Ltd., Troubsko, Czech Republic Title: Yield evaluation of varieties from the world collection of birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) Abstract: In field trials in 1998-2000, ten varieties of the world collection of birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus) were evaluated for herbage and hay yields. In all the years of testing yields from three cuttings and total annual production were evaluated. In 1999, seed yield was also recorded. As a control, alfalfa (Medicago sativa) variety was included in the experiment. The test varieties showed good productivity in the first and especially in the second year of testing, most of them exceeded alfalfa in herbage yield in individual cuttings and in total productions. As for hay yield, the differences were not so great. Local varieties showed very good productivity, predominantly in herbage yields. Of foreign varieties, the best herbage, hay and seed yielder was the Hungarian variety Puszta. There were no statistical differences in seed yield between the varieties. The yields were, however, relatively low. Keywords: Lotus corniculatus L., herbage yield, hay yield, seed yield Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 265-270 Volume: 48 Issue: 6 Year: 2002 DOI: 10.17221/4240-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4240-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200206-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:48:y:2002:i:6:id:4240-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: V. Smutný Author-Workplace-Name: Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Křen Author-Workplace-Name: Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Czech Republic Title: Improvement of an elutriation method for estimation of weed seedbank in the soil Abstract: A model experiment was conducted to compare hand extraction (elutriation) under running water and elutriation using the device Analysette 3, the two methods for estimation of weed seedbank in the soil. Technical parameters have been assessed for efficient operating of the device. We studied the time required for elutriation of soil samples and the time for collecting, counting and identifying the separated seeds. No significant difference in the effect of the used elutriation method on results of qualitative and quantitative estimation of weed seedbank densities has been found at any of the three locations differing in soil texture (silty loam, loam and clay loam soil). The time necessary for elutriation of soil samples was highly significantly shorter if the device was used, by 35.5 to 42.9% depending on soil texture vs. hand elutriation. The shortest time was assessed for silty loam soil. By contrast, the time needed for selecting, counting and identifying seeds was shortest for clay loam soil. This time was 46 and 92% longer for loam and silty loam soil, respectively. These differences were statistically highly significant. Comparing the seedbank in the soil, a significantly lower number of weed seeds as well as species was found on silty loam soil vs. the two locations with heavier soils. Amaranthus retroflexus was a dominating species at all locations, and on silty loam soil also Chenopodium album. Of a total number of 32 weed species detected in our experiment, 28 were annual and only four perennial (Cirsium arvense, Elytrigia repens, Rumex obtusifolius and Sonchus arvensis). Keywords: weed seedbank in soil, methods for assessment, elutriation methods, labour consumption Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 271-278 Volume: 48 Issue: 6 Year: 2002 DOI: 10.17221/4242-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4242-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200206-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:48:y:2002:i:6:id:4242-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Kalinová Author-Workplace-Name: University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Agriculture, Èeské Budìjovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Moudrý Author-Workplace-Name: University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Agriculture, Èeské Budìjovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: V. Čurn Author-Workplace-Name: University of South Bohemia, Faculty of Agriculture, Èeské Budìjovice, Czech Republic Title: Technological quality of common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench.) Abstract: Seven cultivars of common buckwheat were tested in field trials under two levels of nitrogen fertilisation on two experimental sites during 1998-2000. The aim of the experiments was to evaluate the influence of cultivar, nutrition and year on main technological quality parameters (thousand achenes weight, volume weight, proportion of fractions on sieves 4.5 and 4 mm, proportion of husks and yield of groats). The differences were observed between buckwheat cultivars in all observed parameters of technological value. Nitrogen fertilisation before sowing (50 kg.ha-1) did not influence any parameter. On the contrary, buckwheat technological value was influenced by sequence weather (particularly rainfalls) during flowering and achenes formation periods (July). The influence of year was manifested especially on development of endosperm and husks of achenes. Better growing conditions on experimental site Uhříněves caused lower values of volume weight, lower proportion of pericarp (husks) and considerably higher proportion of fraction over 4.5 mm. Keywords: common buckwheat, technological quality, cultivars, fertilisation Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 279-284 Volume: 48 Issue: 6 Year: 2002 DOI: 10.17221/4243-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4243-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200206-0008.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:48:y:2002:i:6:id:4243-PSE