Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Ondřej Author-Workplace-Name: AGRITEC, Research, Breeding & Services, Ltd., Šumperk, Czech Republic Author-Name: R. Dostálová Author-Workplace-Name: AGRITEC, Research, Breeding & Services, Ltd., Šumperk, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Hýbl Author-Workplace-Name: AGRITEC, Research, Breeding & Services, Ltd., Šumperk, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Odstrčilová Author-Workplace-Name: AGRITEC, Research, Breeding & Services, Ltd., Šumperk, Czech Republic Author-Name: R. Tyller Author-Workplace-Name: AGRITEC, Research, Breeding & Services, Ltd., Šumperk, Czech Republic Author-Name: R. Trojan Author-Workplace-Name: AGRITEC, Research, Breeding & Services, Ltd., Šumperk, Czech Republic Title: Utilization of afila types of pea (Pisum sativum L.) resistant to powdery mildew (Erysiphe pisi DC.) in the breeding programs Abstract: The yield potential, quality and level of resistance to powdery mildew (Erysiphe pisi DC.) of afila smooth seeded pea (Pisum sativum L.) were tested in the field trials. The cultivars and breeding lines Mozart, Consort-R, AGT-01, Cebeco 1171 and AGT-GH surpassed the control cv. Gotik in the yields of dry seed, in contrast the dry seed yields of Highlight, AGT-KR, Melfort and LU 390-R2 were about 12-27% lower than that of the control. The low seed yield was caused by virus infections (PEMV, BYMV), root diseases (Pythium, Fusarium), and a low level of thousand seeds weight (TSW). Material crossing with donors possessing high yield potential, a higher TSW, and a higher tolerance to root diseases had a positive effect on the dry seed yield. The main objective of the resistant pea breeding programme is afila smooth seeded pea resistant to powdery mildew, with a high tolerance to viruses, root diseases, and lodging, with the stem length of 60 to75 cm, and with high yield potential. Keywords: pea, Pisum sativum, afila, resistance, Erysiphe pisi, breeding, genetic resources Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 481-485 Volume: 49 Issue: 11 Year: 2003 DOI: 10.17221/4161-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4161-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200311-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:49:y:2003:i:11:id:4161-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: V. Dvořáček Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Crop Production, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: V. Čurn Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Crop Production, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Moudrý Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Crop Production, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Title: Suitability of oat-seed storage-protein markers for identification of cultivars in grain and mixed flour samples Abstract: The objective of this study was an improvement on oat identification procedure for laboratory applications, and the comparison of albumin-globulin and avenin protein patterns in five hulled and naked oat cultivars: Abel (CZ) and Izák (CZ) - naked oats, Auron (CZ), Edmund (D) and Expander (D) - hulled oats. The last object of this study was the authenticity verification of standardly prepared meal samples with various proportions of admixture. It was confirmed that avenins, characterised under SDS-PAGE conditions, are reliable implements for the identification of oat cultivars. It was found that oat grain contains, on the basis of Osborne fractionation, another significant protein fraction - glutelins. The question of the protein fraction analysis that was used for the admixture identification stays still open. In sufficiently different cultivars, the certainty of the admixture detection in meal samples may be high. Nevertheless, in other cases (higher cultivar similarity) it will be necessary to use some other, more sensitive techniques. Keywords: oat, cultivar identification, protein fraction, electrophoresis, PAGE Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 486-491 Volume: 49 Issue: 11 Year: 2003 DOI: 10.17221/4182-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4182-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200311-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:49:y:2003:i:11:id:4182-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: L. Jozefyová Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Pulkrábek Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Urban Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Czech Republic Title: The influence of harvest date and crop treatment on the production of two different sugar beet variety types Abstract: In a four-year trial, the effect was evaluated of the harvest time on the production of two different sugar beet variety types (the Z-type variety Elan and the NE-type variety Epos) grown in three patterns - 1. check pattern, 2. fertilisation with50 kgN/ha, 3. fertilisation with50 kgN/ha + fungicide treatment. Sugar beet was harvested in two terms: at the beginning of the beet processing season, and four weeks later. The differences between the varieties became apparent mainly at the later harvest time. The root yields of the NE-type variety Epos were higher at the later harvest by the average 4.35 t/ha (statistically significant, α = 0.01) while its sugar content was lower by 0.3% (α = 0.05) than in the Z-type variety Elan. The postponement of the harvest time increased the root yields of both varieties by the average 10.47 t/ha (i.e. by 17.9%, α = 0.01). The effect of the harvest time on the sugar content was dependent on the year. Due to retrovegetation following the rainfalls after a prolonged dry period in the year 2000, the sugar content decreased at the later harvest time by 1.68% in absolute figures (or by 8.35% rel., α = 0.01). The content of molassigenic substances in sugar beet roots varied according to the year rather than to the factors followed. The white sugar yields increased at the later harvest by the average 1.57 t/ha (or by 16.9%, α = 0.01). The average increment of sugar for each day of the postponed harvest was 58.2 kg/ha (or 0.63%). The effect of nitrogen fertilisation and fungicide treatment on the sugar beet production became apparent at the later harvest time. Fertilisation with50 kgN/ha + fungicide treatment increased the root yields by 1.07 t/ha (or by 10.32%, α = 0.01) in comparison with the pattern without nitrogen fertilisation and fungicide treatment. Spraying with fungicide itself increased the sugar yields by 0.81 t/ha (or by 7.81%, α = 0.01) in comparison with the pattern equally fertilised but not treated with fungicide. Keywords: sugar beet, harvest time, variety, nitrogen fertilisation, fungicide, production Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 492-498 Volume: 49 Issue: 11 Year: 2003 DOI: 10.17221/4183-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4183-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200311-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:49:y:2003:i:11:id:4183-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Šantrůček Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Svobodová Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: D. Hlavičková Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Czech Republic Title: The influence of stands cultivation on persistency of different cultivars of Medicago sativa L. Abstract: A polyfactorial field trial with alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) cv. Palava, Jarka and Vlasta was established in Červený Újezd (altitude405 m a.s.l., average year precipitation493 mm per year, average year temperature 7.6°C, clay loam orthic luvisol) in the spring with a companion crop (spring wheat) in rows of a space of125 mm, sowing rate 16 kg/ha of germinable seeds in the year 1998. The stands were cut 3 times per year, the control variant was left without a treatment, the rest were cultivated with a spike or a vibration harrow before the beginning of the vegetation season and after the first cut. The numbers of plants and stems per m2 and dry mass yields were measured. The results were evaluated by four-factor analysis of variance Anova and by regression analysis. The harrowing of the stands resulted in a significantly lower amount of plants per m2 in the end of the fourth year by 23-29%, on average a lower number of stems per m2 (by 13% using double cultivation per year with the vibration harrow). The dry mass yield was significantly influenced only with cv. Jarka (by 5-11% higher in the cultivated fields). The moderately or relatively strong relationship between the plants amount and the time was exponential. Keywords: Medicago sativa L., cultivars, harrowing, stand density, yield capacity Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 499-504 Volume: 49 Issue: 11 Year: 2003 DOI: 10.17221/4184-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4184-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200311-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:49:y:2003:i:11:id:4184-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: G. Bukvić Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of J.J. Strossmayer in Osijek, Croatia Author-Name: M. Antunović Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of J.J. Strossmayer in Osijek, Croatia Author-Name: S. Popović Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of J.J. Strossmayer in Osijek, Croatia Author-Name: M. Rastija Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of J.J. Strossmayer in Osijek, Croatia Title: Effect of P and Zn fertilization on biomass yield and its uptake by maize lines (Zea mays L.) Abstract: Three maize inbred lines (Os86-39, Os89-35 and Os87-24) were grown in pots with Eutric Cambisol using 9 fertilisation variants (control 10 kg/ha Zn - on soil surface; 5 kg/ha - foliar application; 61 kg/ha P; 61 kg/ha P and 10 kg/ha Zn - on soil surface; 61 kg/ha P and 5 kg/ha Zn - foliar application; 183 kg/ha P; 183 kg/ha P and 10 kg/ha Zn - on soil surface; 183 kg/ha P and 5 kg/ha Zn - foliar application). The effects of phosphorus and zinc fertilisation on the dry matter yield, plant height, stalk diameter as well as phosphorus and zinc concentrations in ear-leaves were investigated. Significant differences were found between the lines in all parameters investigated except for phosphorus concentration. Line Os87-24 was characterised by the best results in the total biomass production. Zinc fertilisation decreased while phosphorus fertilisation increased total plant dry matter mass. Phosphorus fertilisation increased its concentration in the ear-leaves. Zinc fertilisation, especially foliar, resulted in Zn concentration increase in the ear-leaf of the lines investigated. Keywords: maize inbred lines, fertilisation, phosphorus, zinc, biomass yield, plant Zn, plant P Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 505-510 Volume: 49 Issue: 11 Year: 2003 DOI: 10.17221/4185-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4185-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200311-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:49:y:2003:i:11:id:4185-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Jursík Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Soukup Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: V. Venclová Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Holec Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Czech Republic Title: Seed dormancy and germination of Shaggy soldier (Galinsoga ciliata Blake.) and Common lambsquarter (Chenopodium album L.) Abstract: Laboratory experiments were carried out with seeds of Galinsoga ciliata and Chenopodium album in 1998, 2000 and 2001. The study involved germination of non-dormant seeds in the light and the dark at 5-30°C, the germination energy at 15, 24, and 33°C, and the primary dormancy of seeds matured during the period from July to October. Both weeds germinated better in the light compared to the dark. Seeds of G. ciliata germinated at 10-33°C. Germination exceeding 85% was recorded at 12-28°C. Ch. album germinated in a wider temperature interval (5-33°C). Maximum germination (75%) was obtained at 18°C. A very high germination energy of G. ciliata seeds was found at 24°C. At this temperature, 89% of seeds germinated during the second and third day of the germination test. Seeds of Ch. album had a low germination energy at 15 and 24°C. The germination energy was high only at 33°C, however, the total germination reached at this temperature was only 26.5%. Both G. ciliata and Ch. album formed primary dormant seeds during all three testing years. The length of primary dormancy varied from 10 to 100 days depending on the date of ripening and on the year. The longest primary dormancy was found with early ripened seeds (July and August). Keywords: weed biology, seeds, dormancy, germination, Shaggy soldier, Galinsoga ciliata, Common lambsquarter, Chenopodium album Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 511-518 Volume: 49 Issue: 11 Year: 2003 DOI: 10.17221/4186-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4186-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200311-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:49:y:2003:i:11:id:4186-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: F. Kumhála Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Kroulík Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Mašek Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: V. Prošek Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Czech Republic Title: Development and testing of two methods for the measurement of the mowing machine feed rate Abstract: Two methods were developed and tested for the measurement of the mowing machine material feed rate (based on the conditioner power input measured by a torque-meter, and/or on the material change in momentum measured by a curved impact plate). The measurements carried out in the year 2001 proved that a very good linear relationship existed between the conditioner power input, output frequency of the apparatus measuring the impact force by means of the impact plate, and the material feed rate through the mowing machine. The calculated R-Squared values were about 0.95. In the year 2002, the impacts of material and condition (parameters) changes on the mowing machine material feed rate measurement accuracy were measured under laboratory conditions. It was evident from the statistical evaluation that changing crop variety, crop maturity, and intensity of conditioning can have a statistically significant influence on the measurement based on the torque-meter. As concerns the impact plate measurement, it was found that it is not possible on the basis of our measurements to determine statistically the influence of the factors tested. Keywords: mowing machines, feed rate measurement, conditioner, impact plate Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 519-524 Volume: 49 Issue: 11 Year: 2003 DOI: 10.17221/4187-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4187-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200311-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:49:y:2003:i:11:id:4187-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Jarolímek Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Vaněk Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Czech Republic Title: The intensity and quality of Internet usage in the agriculture sector and possibilities of its further development - Information Abstract: The level of the usage of information and communication technologies (ICT) has a direct influence on the development and competitiveness of individuals, firms, production sectors, regions and even the whole continents. The availability of ICT, including the Internet, to agricultural enterprises in theCzechRepublicis already very satisfactory. Due to the structure of agricultural enterprises the penetration of Internet technologies in theCzechRepublicis more intensive than in most EU countries. Therefore an urgent issue is the level of the usage of these technologies that is not an issue related to finances anymore but it is a problem related to the knowledge and habits of users and availability of information and services. The project of the portal for the agriculture sector and countryside AGRIS has a significant impact on the level of the usage of Internet information and services in the agriculture sector. Keywords: ICT, Internet, portal, agriculture, agriculture sector, information, services, utilization Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 525-529 Volume: 49 Issue: 11 Year: 2003 DOI: 10.17221/4188-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/4188-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200311-0008.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:49:y:2003:i:11:id:4188-PSE