Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: T. Vyhnánek Author-Workplace-Name: Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Bednář Author-Workplace-Name: Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Czech Republic Title: Polymorphism of prolamin proteins of the grain of triticale varieties certifiedin the Czech Republic Abstract: Genetic diversity was detected in 11 varieties of triticale registered in the Czech Republic by means of polymorphism of prolamin proteins using the PAGE ISTA method. The polymorphism of prolamin proteins allowed the differentiation of the individual triticale varieties in 2002 and 2003 harvests. On the basis of Dice's calculations of coefficients of similarity we discovered, in parallel with the uniform genotypes, genotypes with sister prolamin spectrums with a different percentage of participation in the respective years. A uniform spectrum was detected in the following varieties: Disco, Kolor, Lamberto, Marko, Presto, Sekundo, Ticino and Tricolor; Kitaro and Modus were dimorphous varieties. In 2003 three sister prolamin lines appeared in the variety Gabo and in 2004 only two. In 2003 a 5% admixture of a foreign genotype was detected in the variety Marko. Typical of the unknown genotype was the gliadin block Gld 1B3, which is the marker of rye translocation T1BL.1RS, gene Sr31 with resistance to black rust, higher cold resistance and lower baking quality of the wheat. The prolamin proteins of triticale grain are suitable for the detection of the genetic diversity and for the assessment of varietal authenticity and purity in seed samples of triticale varieties registered in the Czech Republic. Keywords: triticale, XTriticosecale Wittmack., prolamin proteins, electrophoresis, admixture Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 151-155 Volume: 51 Issue: 4 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/3568-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3568-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200504-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:51:y:2005:i:4:id:3568-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: R. Hajiboland Author-Workplace-Name: Natural Science Faculty, Tabriz University, Iran Title: An evaluation of the efficiency of cultural plants to remove heavy metals from growing mediu Abstract: Contamination of heavy metals in the environment is one of major concern because of their toxicity and threat to human life and the environment. Phytoextraction, using plants to extract heavy metals from contaminated soils is an emerging technology. In this work, in order to find a suitable plant species for use in cleaning up the soil in an industrial region, some crop species, which are cultivated by farmers on these soils, were studied. The effects of various concentrations of four heavy metals including Cd, Cr, Co and Ni were studied in two cultivars of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) in hydroponic culture media under controlled environmental conditions. The results showed that, despite a higher tissue concentration, and because of a low biomass particularly under toxicity conditions, alfalfa was not an effective species in removing heavy metals from the medium. In contrast, regarding the biomass, metal content, as well as % recovery values, it became apparent that the bean plant was the most effective crop in removing heavy metals from medium. Keywords: heavy metals, Cd, Cr, Co, Ni, wheat, beans, alfalfa, phytoextraction Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 156-164 Volume: 51 Issue: 4 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/3569-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3569-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200504-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:51:y:2005:i:4:id:3569-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: R. Duffková Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute for Soil and Water Conservation, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: T. Kvítek Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute for Soil and Water Conservation, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Voldřichová Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute for Soil and Water Conservation, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Soil organic carbon and nitrogen characteristics in differently used grasslands at sites with drainage and without drainage Abstract: Extensive management (absence of management) of unfertilized permanent grasslands was examined for five years from the aspect of its influence on soil chemical properties of horizon A in a floodplain locality of the Crystalline Complex, in relation to water regime regulation, reclamations and liming. These treatments: without mowing (0), one cut (1) and two cuts (2) per year were used at sites without drainage (WD), with drainage (D) and with drainage water retardation (R). These average values were measured at all sites and for all treatments: content of soil organic carbon Corg 2.3-3.4%, combustible substances CS 12-15%, humic to fulvic acids ratio CHA/CFA 0.81-0.94, C/N 8-9, humification rate 0.6-0.7, exchange pH 3.9-5.1. All sites have deteriorated conditions for the activity of soil microorganisms (low pH). Determinations of the contents of organic carbon (Corg by thermal combustion, water soluble and hot water soluble carbon, CHA and CFA), CS and total nitrogen indicated decreases as a result of the influence of factors (drainage, liming, mowing) supporting mineralization and the cycle of soil organic matter. Mowing improved humus quality Keywords: grasslands, floodplain area, drainage, use, soil organic carbon and nitrogen, humus quality, pH Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 165-172 Volume: 51 Issue: 4 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/3570-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3570-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200504-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:51:y:2005:i:4:id:3570-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: L. Kolář Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: F. Klimeš Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Gergel Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: S. Kužel Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Kobes Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: R. Ledvina Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Šindelářová Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Czech Republic Title: Methods to evaluate substrate degradability in anaerobic digestion and biogas production Abstract: Two methods developed by Prof. Dohányos and Doc. Zábranská from ICT in Prague (A) and Oxi Top Control AN 12 measuring system manufactured by MERCK Company (B), were used to determine the maximum yield of biogas and methane and the maximum rate of biogas and methane production per unit weight of biomass using buffered and macro- and micro-nutrient enriched grass biomass as a substrate. Statistical evaluation proved that the Oxi Top Control method did not provide significantly lower or higher results than the other method that is considered standard. Although the Oxi Top Control AN 12 method has a higher variance of measured values than the standard method, it can be recommended as a project and operation method for its work comfort and expeditiousness. Keywords: anaerobic digestion, biogas, substrate, substrate degradability, methods of determination Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 173-178 Volume: 51 Issue: 4 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/3571-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3571-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200504-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:51:y:2005:i:4:id:3571-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: K. Gondek Author-Workplace-Name: H. Kołłątaj Agricultural University of Cracow, Poland Title: The influence of soil treatment by untreated and composted tannery sludge on yield, nutrient status, and chromium content in selected crops Abstract: The research is aimed to determine the effect of fertilization with untreated or composted tannery sludge on yielding, macroelement and chromium contents in plant biomass. The biggest yield diversification was observed in the first and second year of the experiment, whereas in the subsequent years no major differences in yields were discerned. The mechanism of diversified plant response to organic fertilizers supplied to the soil resulted from their different ability to utilize nutrients but was also due to crop succession and different tolerance of subsequent species to the amount of supplied chromium. Nitrogen contents in plants were diversified, despite supplementing its dose to an equal level in all treatments (except the control). It may be concluded that the nitrogen in the applied materials occurred mostly in organic forms and its availability depended on the mineralization rate. Phosphorus and magnesium content depended on the plant species and applied fertilization. Potassium was more available if applied in a mineral form whereas calcium and sodium contents increased significantly in the plant biomass after fertilization with tannery sludge containing materials. Chromium content in tannery materials did not affect the content of this element in the aboveground plant parts and the absorbed chromium was retained mainly in the plant root system. Keywords: tannery sludge, compost, vermicompost, plant, yield, macroelement, chromium Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 179-192 Volume: 51 Issue: 4 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/3572-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3572-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200504-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:51:y:2005:i:4:id:3572-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: N. Singh Author-Workplace-Name: Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India Author-Name: R.K. Behl Author-Workplace-Name: Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India Author-Name: M.S. Punia Author-Workplace-Name: Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India Title: Effect of genotypic background on haploid production through embryo rescue in wheat × maize crosses - Short Communication Abstract: Two high yielding wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties were pollinated with seven agrarian superior varieties. F1's thus obtained were pollinated with diverse winter maize lines/composites and treated with a solution containing 2,4-D and GA3. The haploid embryos were rescued 13 to 16 days post pollination on MS1 and MS4 media. Out of 15, only two crosses viz., (UP 2338 × HD 2285) F1 × maize and (WH 533 × PBW 343) F1 × maize resulted in callus development and direct germination via embryo rescue. Keywords: Triticum aestivum L., haploids, wheat × maize hybridisation, genotypic differences Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 193-196 Volume: 51 Issue: 4 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/3573-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3573-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200504-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:51:y:2005:i:4:id:3573-PSE