Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Štibinger Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Czech Republic Title: Approximation of landfill drainage discharge by De Zeeuw-Hellinga model, and its verificationon sanitary landfill of solid domestic waste Abstract: The goal of this work is to present a suitable tool or model for the evaluation of the internal landfill water discharge, in relation to the basic design parameters of internal landfill drainage system and other processes. De Zeeuw-Hellinga's drainage theory fulfils those requirements. De Zeeuw-Hellinga's drainage intensity factor takes in basic design parameters of internal landfill drainage system and also hydro-physical properties of the collected waste. The drainage theory calculates with landfill internal water recharge to the drainage system within a certain time interval. In practice this method was successfully verified in a sanitary landfill of solid domestic waste in Osecna (a region near Liberec, Czech Republic). The comparison of the real data of the measured values of the internal landfill water discharges with calculated values, demonstrated eligibility of the use of De Zeeuw-Hellinga drainage theory as a good instrument for approximation of the internal landfill water discharges. This tool needs only a minimum of information and can be applied for the evaluation of basic design parameters of the internal landfill drainage system, for the design of the landfill reservoir capacity, and also for description of the landfill hydrology processes. Keywords: landfills, drainage discharge, internal landfill water, De Zeeuw-Hellinga drainage theory, drainage system Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 335-342 Volume: 51 Issue: 8 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/3608-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3608-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200508-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:51:y:2005:i:8:id:3608-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Šťastná Author-Workplace-Name: Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: E. Stenitzer Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Land and Water Management, Petzenkirchen, Austria Title: SIMWASER model as a tool for the assessment of soil water balance Abstract: The objectives of our study were to apply, test and to present the ability of the deterministic simulation model SIMWASER computing soil-water balance components. Two case studies for the assessment of percolation losses from irrigated carrots to deep groundwater at Obersiebenbrunn in the Marchfeld (Austria) and ground water recharge and capillary rise from shallow groundwater in grass lysimeters at Berlin-Dahlem (Germany) are presented to demonstrate the performance of the model by a comparison between measured and simulated results from the field experiments. At Obersiebenbrunn, simulated percolation and evapotranspiration were 183 and 629 mm, while the respective measured values amounted to 198 and 635 mm. In Berlin-Dahlem simulated capillary rise and evapotranspiration were -122 and 458 mm, whereas the measurement showed -155 and 454 mm. These results showed the SIMWASER method as a good applicable tool to demonstrate and study plant - soil - water relationships as well as influence of land use, especially on ground water recharge. Keywords: SIMWASER model, soil water balance, ground water recharge Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 343-350 Volume: 51 Issue: 8 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/3609-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3609-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200508-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:51:y:2005:i:8:id:3609-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. Liu Author-Workplace-Name: Zhejiang Normal University in Jinhua, China Author-Workplace-Name: Queens University in Belfast, UK Author-Name: Y.S. Yang Author-Workplace-Name: Queens University in Belfast, UK Author-Name: G.D. XU Author-Workplace-Name: Zhejiang Normal University in Jinhua, China Author-Name: Y.H. Fang Author-Workplace-Name: Zhejiang University in Hangzhou, China Author-Name: Y.A. Yang Author-Workplace-Name: Zhejiang University in Hangzhou, China Title: The response of antioxidant enzymes of three soybean varieties to molybdenum and boron in soil with a connection to plant quality Abstract: The response of antioxidant enzymes and quality of three soybean varieties to Mo and/or B in soil has been studied in this paper. Pot experiments were set up with four treatments (control, +Mo, +B, +[Mo + B]) at four growth stages. The study showed that Mo and/or B increased antioxidant enzyme activities and protein content in the seeds. The variation and interaction between Mo and B in soil was explored with regard to their impact on the soybean quality. The Mo and/or B decreased oil-content, linoleic and linolenic acid and thus improve plant quality for human health. There were some dissimilarity in antioxidant enzymes and quality of plant between supplement of Mo and B in the soil, and the interrelation between Mo and B in the plant was co-supplementary to each other. Therefore, the quality of the soybean with Mo and B treatments was much improved than those with Mo or B alone. The study shows that the quality of soybean seeds has some stability as compared to physiological and growth characteristics of vegetative organs. Keywords: SOD (superoxide dismutase), CAT (catalase), APX (ascorbate peroxidase), POD (peroxidase), protein, fatty acids composition, amino acids composition, oil Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 351-359 Volume: 51 Issue: 8 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/3610-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3610-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200508-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:51:y:2005:i:8:id:3610-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Wyszkowski Author-Workplace-Name: University of Warmia and Mazury, in Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: J. Wyszkowska Author-Workplace-Name: University of Warmia and Mazury, in Olsztyn, Poland Title: Effect of enzymatic activity of diesel oil contaminated soil on the chemical composition of oat (Avena sativa L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) Abstract: The aim of the study was to determine the effect of soil contamination with diesel oil (3, 6, 9, 12 and 24 g/kg soil) on the yield and the content of macroelements in oat and maize cultivated in soil supplemented with nitrogen and sawdust. The correlation between the content of macroelements in the crops and the soil enzymatic activity was also determined. High doses of diesel oil had a definite negative effect on the content of all macroelements in oat, excluding phosphorus. The presence of diesel oil had a favourable effect on the accumulation of most of macroelements in the above-ground parts of maize. Nitrogen application to the soil caused an increase in the content of nitrogen and in the accumulation of calcium and magnesium in the above-ground parts of both crops as well as an increase in sodium content in maize. Sawdust applied to the soil had a considerably lower effect (several to less than 20%) on the content of macroelements in plants. A correlation between the activity of urease and acid and alkaline phosphatase in the soil and the content of macroelements in plants cultivated in diesel oil contaminated soil was observed. This correlation was positive only in the case of alkaline phosphatase activity and phosphorus content in oats. Keywords: soil contamination with diesel oil, nitrogen application, sawdust, oat, maize, content of macroelements, enzymatic activity Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 360-367 Volume: 51 Issue: 8 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/3611-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3611-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200508-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:51:y:2005:i:8:id:3611-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Matula Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Crop Production, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Pechová Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Crop Production, Prague-Ruzyně, Czech Republic Title: Influence of gypsum treatment on extractability of nutrients from soils Abstract: In an incubation experiment with 36 soils we tested the influence of application of 3.3 g of CaSO4.2 H2O per kg of soil on extractability of nutrients (P, K, Mg, Ca, Mn, B and S). After 134-day incubation of gypsum-treated soils the soils were extracted with water (1:5, w/v), 0.5M ammonium acetate with NH4F addition (pH 7) and by Mehlich 3 method. An ICP-technique was used for nutrient detection and colorimetry on a SKALAR analyser was employed to determine phosphates and sulphates. The most interesting results were measured in phosphorus. P concentration was markedly lower in the H2O extract after gypsum treatment, on average by 69% in ICP detection and by 58% in colorimetric detection of phosphates. A significant depression of P concentration was also measured in the acetate extract, but it was considerably lower (11% in ICP detection, 14% in colorimetry). On the contrary, in Mehlich 3 extraction the concentration after gypsum treatment was higher on average by 31% in ICP detection while colorimetry detection did not show any significant differences. The results indicate that it is necessary to identify the method of soil extraction including the method of analytical determination of the nutrient, when the nutrient status of soils is to be evaluated. Keywords: gypsum treatment of soils, soil tests, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, calcium, manganese, boron, sulphur Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 368-375 Volume: 51 Issue: 8 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/3612-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3612-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200508-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:51:y:2005:i:8:id:3612-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Száková Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Sysalová Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Chemical Technology, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Tlustoš Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Czech Republic Title: Particular aspects of environmental impact of potentially risk elements from airborne particulate matter Abstract: Two simple experiments were carried out to demonstrate two possible ways of environmental impact of element contents in airborne particulate matter. In the first part of the experiment, the response of three rural dust samples applied into the soil were assessed in pot experiment to observe uptake of As, Cd, Pb, and Zn by aboveground biomass of oat (Avena sativa L.). Although the element contents in dust samples exceeded significantly total element contents in soil, the element content in plants was not affected by single-rate soil amendment with rural dust sample. Soil sorption capacity and neutral pH of the experimental soil (7.0) was sufficient for immobilization of the elements. However, potentially mobilizable portions (0.005 mol/l DTPA extractable) of elements significantly increased (Cd by 116%, Pb by 39%, Zn by 50%) in the treated soil, which suggests a possible release of these elements in long-term horizon. On the contrary, high percentages of potentially toxic elements (Cd, Zn, Ni) in the most mobile (exchangeable) fractions were determined in the second part of investigation in two urban dust samples collected in Prague Letná automobile tunnel, and Prague subway station Museum. These results suggest possible direct impact of mobile, and thus potentially bio-available, element fractions on human environment. The results of both particular experiments cannot give complete information concerning behavior of harmful pollutants in airborne particulate matter and their influence on human health. They can however indicate two of possible ways of environmental pollution with this material. Yet, it would require a more detailed investigation in future. Keywords: gypsum treatment of soils, soil tests, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, calcium, manganese, boron, sulphur Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 376-383 Volume: 51 Issue: 8 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/3613-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3613-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200508-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:51:y:2005:i:8:id:3613-PSE