Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: S. Kristek Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of J.J. Strossmayer in Osijek, Croatia Author-Name: A. Kristek Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of J.J. Strossmayer in Osijek, Croatia Author-Name: H. Pavlović Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Food Technology, University of J.J. Strossmayer in Osijek, Croatia Title: The influence of mycorrhizal fungi (Glomus sp.) on field pea plant survival and growthin drought caused stress conditions Abstract: The influence of mycorrhizal fungi on field pea green mass yield, dry matter yield, grain yield, number of pods per plant, number of grains per pod, average number of plants per m2, grain concentration of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were studied in the greenhouse during two investigative years. The best results with all parameters were obtained in both investigative years by seed inoculation with the mycorrhizal species G. mossae. The exceptions were mean green mass yield, dry matter yield and the number of grains per pod in the second investigation year (irrigation rate - 240 mm/m2) where better results were achieved by seed inoculation with species G. intraradices. The highest green mass yield obtained by seed inoculation with mycorrhizal species Glomus mossae was 671.45 g/m2, dry matter yield 59.40 g/m2, grain yield 346.20 g/m2 whereas grain nitrogen concentration was 4.08%. Far better results of all yield and quality indicators of this plant compared to non-mychorrized variants were accomplished by mycorrized variants in water lacking conditions. Keywords: mycorrhizal fungi, Glomus sp., field pea, drought stress, grain yield, nitrogen concentration Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 385-389 Volume: 51 Issue: 9 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/3601-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3601-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200509-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:51:y:2005:i:9:id:3601-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. Binek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Breeding and Seed Science, Agricultural University in Cracow, Poland Author-Name: M. Moś Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Breeding and Seed Science, Agricultural University in Cracow, Poland Title: Genotype and environmental interaction of certain indices of dormancy in winter wheat Abstract: On the basis of five statistical parameters the stability of three dormancy indices, i.e. germinability, germination rate and dormancy index, has been determined 10 days after harvest at temperatures of 25°C. The object of the research included seeds of 12 winter wheat cultivars harvested in the years 1997-2003. In spite of significant genotype x environmental interactions accounting for 23.8-50.6% of the total variation, a significant differentiation between all the indices was found. Among the investigated cultivars a low level of dormancy was observed in the cultivars Wanda, Juma and Begra (germinability 83-92%, dormancy index 7.7-9.5), while evident dormancy was found in the cultivars Elena, Izolda, Almari, Mikon and Kobra (germinability 44-58%, dormancy index 21.3-32.2). The cultivars showing deep dormancy were characterized by lower stability of both the indices. The cultivars strongly reacting to the seasonal variation (b1 > 1), in respect of the three indices, were Sakwa, Kobra, Mikon and Elena. High consistency of the stability parameters was found between ecovalence and mean square of deviations from regression (r = 0.87**-0.98**) and between the linear regression coefficient and the coefficient of determination (r = 0.69*-0.86**). Keywords: winter wheat, cultivars, germinability, germination rate, dormancy index, stability parameters Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 390-396 Volume: 51 Issue: 9 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/3602-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3602-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200509-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:51:y:2005:i:9:id:3602-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: K. Hamouz Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Lachman Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Dvořák Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: V. Pivec Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Czech Republic Title: The effect of ecological growing on the potatoes yield and quality Abstract: In the years 1995-1997 the effect of ecological growing on the yield and selected parameters of quality of consumer potatoes (in comparison with conventional way) were investigated. The ecological way of growing differed in the lack of chemical protection against diseases and pests and industrial fertilizers. Field trials were realised with seven varieties (Impala, Karin, Agria, Korela, Rosella, Santé and Ornella) on two sites (Uhříněves and Valečov). The ecological way of growing had markedly negative effect on the yield (decrease by 36%). In qualitative parameters the ecological way increased inconclusively polyphenol content (by 10.2%), decreased inconclusively nitrate content (by 11.0%) and reducing sugars (by 22%). It did not affect dry matter content, resistance of tubers to mechanical damage, table value and glycoalkaloid content. Variety Santé achieved the best results from the point of view of the yield and majority of qualitative parameters among varieties. Qualitative parameters of ecologically cultivated potatoes were significantly affected by the year of cultivation. Keywords: potatoes, ecological and conventional cultivation, quality, yield Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 397-402 Volume: 51 Issue: 9 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/3603-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3603-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200509-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:51:y:2005:i:9:id:3603-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Kazda Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Baranyk Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: D. Nerad Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Czech Republic Title: The implication of seed treatment of winter oilseed rape Abstract: Small plot trials studying the impact of different seed treatments on the occurrence of pests and diseases in autumn were carried out during 2000-2003. The aim was to verify the efficiency of different fungicidal and insecticidal oilseed rape seed treatments and to determine the economical effectiveness of this method of protection. The following insecticidal seed treatments were used: Promet 400 CS (furathiocarb), Cosmos 500 FS (fipronil), Chinook 200 FS (imidacloprid & beta-cyfluthrin) and Marshal ST (carbosulfan). The seed treatment Chinook 200 FS in combination with newly developed fungicidal compound was also assessed. The most effective treatment was Chinook 200 FS (imidacloprid & beta-cyfluthrin), particularly against flea beetles (Phyllotreta spp.), and lower infestations by larvae of the turnip gall weevil (Ceutorhynchus pleurostigma Marsh.) were also found. However, the efficiency lasts no more than 4-5 weeks after sowing. The use of common insecticidal treatments in cases of necessity was found to be beneficial. Plant density in autumn and in spring was greatest in the Chinook 200 FS treatment and in some years a positive influence on yield was also observed with this treatment. Keywords: Brassica napus, oilseed rape, seed treatment, autumn protection, Phyllotreta spp., Ceutorhynchus pleurostigma, Delia sp Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 403-409 Volume: 51 Issue: 9 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/3604-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3604-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200509-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:51:y:2005:i:9:id:3604-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Kopeć Author-Workplace-Name: H. Kołłątaj Agricultural University of Cracow, Poland Title: Changes in the zinc content in the meadow sward under conditions of a long-term static fertilizer experiment (Czarny Potok) Abstract: Changes in the zinc content in the meadow sward were studied in a long-term fertiliser experiment set up on a mountain meadow (20°54'E, 49°24'N) in 1968. The experiment is localized at 720 meters above sea level on the soil which belongs to Dystric Cambisols and comprises 8 fertiliser treatments in two series: 0Ca and + Ca (Table 1). In the course of the experiment the Zn content in the sward decreased and the time factor was of greater consequence than fertilization, P content in the sward or soil and acidification. In mountain meadow communities shaped by a long-term (over 30 years) NPK treatment and at yields between 6.7 and 7.1 t/ha the annual quantity of absorbed Zn ranged between 233 and 256 g Zn/ha dry weight. During the experimental period the biggest amount of Zn removed with the sward yield exceeded 500 g Zn/ha annually. In the limed series at slightly bigger yields the quantity of Zn removed with the yield was over 10% lower in objects receiving NPK fertilization than on the same treatments in the unlimed series. Liming is able to reduce soil Zn abundance. Keywords: meadow sward, Cambisols, zinc, uptake by plants, long-term ex Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 410-415 Volume: 51 Issue: 9 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/3605-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3605-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200509-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:51:y:2005:i:9:id:3605-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: S.P. Sah Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forest Ecology, University of Helsinki, Finland Title: 15N natural abundances in two podsol soils of two spruce forests differing in their atmospheric N deposition conditions Abstract: This study aims to investigate the changes in isotope ratios in foliage and soils of the two spruce forests [Picea abies (L.) Karst.] differing greatly in their atmospheric N deposition and climatic conditions. As expected, both N concentrations and 15N values in both needles and litter were found to be significantly higher in the Solling stand (N-saturated) compared to the Hyytialä stand (N-poor). For the N-limited site (Hyytialä plot), a typical vertical gradient of the soil 15N-enrichment (both in organic and mineral soil) was observed. The N-saturated site (Solling) differs from the N-limited site (Hyytialä) with respect to the 15N abundance trend in organic layer. In the upper organic layer up to O-f horizon, i.e. mor layer (0-3.5 cm depth) of Solling plot, there is almost a trend of slight soil 15N-depletion with increasing depth, and then there is a 15N-enrichment from O-h horizon (humus layer) of organic layer to mineral soil horizons. This is explained by the presence of prominent NO3- leaching at this plot Keywords: N-deposition, 15N, nitrogen, spruce, soil Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 416-422 Volume: 51 Issue: 9 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/3606-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3606-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200509-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:51:y:2005:i:9:id:3606-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: S. Szczukowski Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Breeding and Seed Production, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: M. Stolarski Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Breeding and Seed Production, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: J. Tworkowski Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Breeding and Seed Production, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: J. Przyborowski Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Breeding and Seed Production, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: A. Klasa Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agrochemistry and Environmental Protection, University of Warmia Title: Productivity of willow coppice plants grown in short rotations Abstract: In the paper yield of dry matter and some morphological features of four fast growing willow coppice genotypes harvested in one, two, three and four years harvesting cycles are presented. In the experiment an average yield amounted to 16.79 t/ha/year. The highest yield was recorded for Salix viminalis × S. viminalis lanceolata (22.89 t/ha/year). Genotype Salix triandra gave a yield lower by factor 3 compared to Salix viminalis × S. viminalis lanceolata. For the following genotypes: Salix viminalis × S. viminalis lanceolata, Salix viminalis var. gigantea and Salix viminalis var. regalis it was found the yield increased as harvesting cycle increased from one to four years while the opposite was found for genotype Salix triandra. It can indicate that Salix triandra is not suitable for intensive growing on arable lands, especially in two, three or four years harvest cycles. Mean plant height amounted to 4.63 m and stem diameter 20.48 mm. The tallest plants (769 cm) with the thickest stem (diameter of 37.43 mm) were found for genotype Salix viminalis × S. viminalis lanceolata harvested quadrennially. At harvest water content amounted to 49.87% and the highest value was found for the shortest harvesting annually. Keywords: arable land, willow, harvest cycle, yield of dry matter, bioenergy Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 423-430 Volume: 51 Issue: 9 Year: 2005 DOI: 10.17221/3607-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3607-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200509-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:51:y:2005:i:9:id:3607-PSE