Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Geneva Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Mineral Nutrition and Water Relations, Acad. M. Popov Institute of Plant Physiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria Author-Name: G. Zehirov Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Mineral Nutrition and Water Relations, Acad. M. Popov Institute of Plant Physiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria Author-Name: E. Djonova Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Soil Microbiology, N. Poushkarov Institute of Soil Science, Sofia, Author-Name: N. Kaloyanova Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Soil Microbiology, N. Poushkarov Institute of Soil Science, Sofia, Author-Name: G. Georgiev Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Mineral Nutrition and Water Relations, Acad. M. Popov Institute of Plant Physiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria Author-Name: I. Stancheva Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Mineral Nutrition and Water Relations, Acad. M. Popov Institute of Plant Physiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria Title: The effect of inoculation of pea plants with mycorrhizal fungi and Rhizobium on nitrogen and phosphorus assimilation Abstract: The study evaluated the response of pea (Pisum sativum cv. Avola) to arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AM) species Glomus mosseae and Glomus intraradices and Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viceae, strain D 293, regarding the growth, photosynthesis, nodulation and nitrogen fixation activity. Pea plants were grown in a glasshouse until the flowering stage (35 days), in 4 kg plastic pots using leached cinnamonic forest soil (Chromic Luvisols - FAO) at P levels 13.2 (P1) and 39.8 (P2) mg P/kg soil. The obtained results demonstrated that the dual inoculation of pea plants significantly increased the plant biomass, photosynthetic rate, nodulation, and nitrogen fixation activity in comparison with single inoculation with Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viceae strain D 293. On the other hand, coinoculation significantly increased the total phosphorus content in plant tissue, acid phosphatase activity and percentage of root colonization. The effectiveness of coinoculation with Rhizobium leguminosarum and Glomus mosseae was higher at the low phosphorus level while the coinoculation with Glomus intraradices appeared to be the most effective at higher phosphorus level. Keywords: Pisum sativum, Glomus mosseae, Glomus intraradices, Rhizobium leguminosarum Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 435-440 Volume: 52 Issue: 10 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/3463-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3463-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200610-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:52:y:2006:i:10:id:3463-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: T. Šimon Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Crop Production, Prague-Ruzyne, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Salava Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Crop Production, Prague-Ruzyne, Czech Republic Title: New Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii isolates: Evaluation of competitiveness for clover nodule occupancy Abstract: An interrelationship between introduced and indigenous rhizobia focused on their competitiveness in nodulation was evaluated in a soil pot experiment. Clover seeds were inoculated by six different gradual concentrations of inoculum of two effective Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii isolates (inoculation strains 1/2 and 14/2). At the beginning of flowering, clover plants were removed from the pots, and nodules from each pot representing different degrees of inoculum level were taken for reisolate cultivation. The PCR technique was used for the identification of rhizobial reisolates, random amplified polymorphic DNA product patterns were acquired and analysed. Nodule occupation by inoculation strains or indigenous Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii strains was assessed by comparing the number of nodules formed by inoculation or indigenous strains and inoculation strains competitiveness was calculated. Nodule occupancy by the inoculation strain 1/2 increased sharply with the increase in inoculum dose, whereas in inoculation strain 14/2 more nodules were formed gradually starting from low inoculum level. Competitiveness of inoculation strain 1/2 was calculated as low and was documented by an absence of nodule occupancy in four inoculation levels. On the other hand, competitiveness of the inoculation strain 14/2 was considerably higher, and even in low inoculum dose this strain was more competitive than native rhizobia. Although both the inoculation strains 1/2 and 14/2 were found highly efficient in nitrogen fixation, only the strain 14/2 was able to manifest this characteristic due to the higher competitiveness when applied in lower doses. Keywords: Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii strains, inoculation, indigenous rhizobia, PCR identification, nodule occupancy, competitiveness Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 441-448 Volume: 52 Issue: 10 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/3464-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3464-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200610-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:52:y:2006:i:10:id:3464-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Z. Seemannová Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Food and Chemical Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Slovak Republic Author-Name: I. Mistríková Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Š. Vaverková Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovak Republic Title: Effects of growing methods and plant age on the yield, and on the content of flavonoids and phenolic acids in Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench. Abstract: The effect of three different growing methods, and plant age on the yield of purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea L.) Moench., Asteraceae are described. The weight of fresh and dry mass of rhizomes increased significantly with the age of the plants. Independently of the age, the highest yield of rhizomes (1779 g/m2 FW - 589 g/m2 DW in the third year) was found in the plants grown from root cuttings and the smallest (385 g/m2 FW - 108 g/m2 DW in the third year) from seeds sown directly into the soil. A similar dependence was obtained in the yield of flower heads. No relation was noticed between the growing method and the flavonoids and polyphenol acids contents neither in the flower heads nor in the rhizomes. The polyphenol acids content was slightly higher in the flower heads (2.85% in the third year) than in the rhizomes (2.22% in the third year). The results demonstrate that the experimental factors can stimulate increased yield of rhizomes and flower heads of E. purpurea. Keywords: Echinacea purpurea, experimental factors, yield, flavonoids, polyphenol acids Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 449-453 Volume: 52 Issue: 10 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/3465-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3465-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200610-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:52:y:2006:i:10:id:3465-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: L. Tůmová Author-Workplace-Name: School of Pharmacy, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Řimáková Author-Workplace-Name: School of Pharmacy, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Tůma Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Education, University of Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Dušek Author-Workplace-Name: School of Pharmacy, Charles University, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic Title: Silybum marianum in vitro-flavonolignan production Abstract: The effect of coniferyl alcohol as a precursor of flavonolignan biosynthesis on silymarin components production in Silybum marianum suspension culture was studied. Coniferyl alcohol showed the changes in silymarin complex production. Silydianin was detected mainly in the control samples of cultivated cells. A significant increase of silydianin was observed only after 72 h of the application of 46µM coniferyl alcohol. No other components of the silymarin complex (silychristin and silybin) were detected; neither in control samples nor after the precursor feeding. But the increased accumulation of taxifolin (flavanole) was very interesting. The highest taxifolin production was reached after 48 hours of treatment(about 554% compared to control). Keywords: milk thistle, Silybum marianum, in vitro culture, flavonolignans, coniferyl alcohol Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 454-458 Volume: 52 Issue: 10 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/3466-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3466-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200610-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:52:y:2006:i:10:id:3466-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: D. Obratov-Petković Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry, University of Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro Author-Name: I. Popović Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry, University of Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro Author-Name: S. Belanović Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry, University of Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro Author-Name: R. Kadović Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Forestry, University of Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro Title: Ecobiological study of medicinal plants in some regions of Serbia Abstract: Ecobiological study of medicinal plants includes the analysis of particular soil features and the ecological indexes of plant species as site indicators. Two experimental serpentine areas in northwest and central Serbia were selected to identify the potential limiting factors for medicinal plant harvesting. Soil analysis is done according to ICP methodology - ICP Forest Manual, Part III, Soil Sampling and Analysis (1998). Floristic and phytocoenological investigations were carried out by Wasthoff-van der Maarel (1973). The assessment of soil quality is based on the calculation of indicator values of available nitrogen (N), heavy metals, and the sensitivity to acidification. According to our results, N (12.1-17.5), acidification (7-12), and indicator values for some heavy metals (0.3-46.5) show a low biological availability. Medicinal plant species at the investigated areas have low values of ecological indexes: N (2.41-2.82), moisture (2.45-2.70) and soil acidity (3.35-3.70). Hydrothermic conditions indicate the predominant presence of sub-xerophytes, semi-sciophytes and mesothermic species. These types of plant species are recommended for exploitation. Keywords: serpentine parent rock, degraded meadow ecosystem, soil quality, plant indicator values Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 459-467 Volume: 52 Issue: 10 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/3467-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3467-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200610-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:52:y:2006:i:10:id:3467-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Drobná Author-Workplace-Name: Slovak Agricultural Research Centre, Research Institute of Plant Production, Piešťany, Slovak Republic Author-Name: J. Jančovič Author-Workplace-Name: Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Slovak Republic Title: Estimation of red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) forage quality parameters dependingon the variety, cut and growing year Abstract: A field trial was conducted to determine the nutritive value of eight Slovak and Czech red clover varieties and to quantify the effects of variety, cut and year on red clover forage quality. The differences between forage quality of the evaluated red clover varieties were significant for protein supplied when energy is limited in the rumen (PDIE), intestinal digestibility of rumen non-degraded protein (dsi), net energy values and ash content (P < 0.01). The achieved results show that the surpassing forage quality was given by diploid Viglana variety with high protein and energy values. The forage of tetraploid varieties Javorina and Dolina was outstanding in protein content, but had the lowest energy values. The nutritive value was significantly affected by cut. The first cut provided forage with a significantly lower (P < 0.01) crude protein (CP) content, CP digestibility, degradability of CP (degNL), protein supplied when nitrogen is limited in rumen (PDIN), PDIE and with a significantly higher crude fibre content and energy values (P < 0.01). The differences between varieties were more pronounced in the second and in the third cut. Significantly higher (P < 0.01) PDIE, PDIN, degNL, net energy values and ash contents were found in the first production year. Keywords: red clover, protein values, energy values Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 468-475 Volume: 52 Issue: 10 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/3468-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3468-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200610-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:52:y:2006:i:10:id:3468-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: F. Yasar Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of Yuzuncu Yil, Zeve Campus, Turkey Author-Name: O. Uzal Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of Yuzuncu Yil, Zeve Campus, Turkey Author-Name: S. Tufenkci Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of Yuzuncu Yil, Zeve Campus, Turkey Author-Name: K. Yildiz Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of Gazi Osman Pasa, Tokat, Turkey Title: Ion accumulation in different organs of green bean genotypes grown under salt stress Abstract: Salt-tolerant Gevas Sirik 57 (GS57) genotypes and salt-sensitive 4F-89 French variety, previously determined in our preliminary study, were used in the study. The genotype and the variety exposed to 100mM NaCl application developed different mechanisms to be protected against toxic effects of Na+ ion. Salt-sensitive 4F-89 French variety let Na+ accumulate in all organs. On the contrary, salt-tolerant GS57 did not avoid salt and acted selectively among ions; the majority of toxic ion Na+ accumulated in old leaves and shoots and the plants did not transport them into young leaves. K+ accumulation was high in organs in which Na+ concentrations were low, and vice versa; Na+ content was low in young and high in old leaves of GS57, but K+ content was opposite. Ca2+ content in young leaves of GS57 and 4F-89 decreased; still its content was the highest of all examined ions found in young leaves. This indicated that beans can develop different mechanisms to accept and adapt high levels of salt. Storing toxic ion (Na+) in old leaves and having a limited transmission of salt into young leaves serves as a protection from detrimental effects of salt. Keywords: Phaseolus vulgaris, green bean genotypes, salt stress, plant parts, ion accumulation Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 476-480 Volume: 52 Issue: 10 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/3469-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3469-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200610-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:52:y:2006:i:10:id:3469-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. Boldiš Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: H. Landová Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Czech Republic Title: Comparison of citation databases SCOPUS and Web of Science:Czech and Slovak agricultural and related disciplines - Information Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 481-484 Volume: 52 Issue: 10 Year: 2006 DOI: 10.17221/3470-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3470-PSE.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:52:y:2006:i:10:id:3470-PSE