Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. Zuccarini Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Crop Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy Title: Mycorrhizal infection ameliorates chlorophyll content and nutrient uptake of lettuce exposed to saline irrigation Abstract: Salinity is one of the most serious environmental problems influencing crop growth. Today, the use of microorganisms as biofertilizers in agriculture is quite diffused, and good results have been obtained in terms of induction of resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses in crops. The effects of inoculation with a mixture of the mycorrhizal fungi Glomus mosseae, G. intraradices and G. coronatum have been investigated on lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) cultivated at three different levels of salinity of the irrigation water (0, 1.5 and 3 g NaCl/l) and collected during three subsequent samplings. Dry mass production was significantly enhanced in the inoculated plants collected at the first sampling, and the effect was even more evident at the highest salinity; however, it was not observed at the latest samplings. The chlorophyll content and total foliar area were mostly enhanced by colonization with the mycorrhizal fungi. Moreover, mycorrhization significantly reduced Na and Cl plant uptake, and stimulated the absorption of K and P. The experiment suggests that mycorrhization can be a suitable way to induce salt-stress resistance in horticultural crops, and that it can show its best effects at medium-high salinity levels of the irrigation water. Keywords: lettuce, salt stress, mycorrhization Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 283-289 Volume: 53 Issue: 7 Year: 2007 DOI: 10.17221/2209-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2209-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200707-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:53:y:2007:i:7:id:2209-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. Gholizadeh Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute for Fundamental Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran Author-Name: B. Baghban Kohnehrouz Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran Author-Name: H. Hekmatshoar Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran Title: Step-by-step morpho-physiological responses of Arachis hypogaea L. cv. NC 2 to iron deficiency Abstract: Well-aerated and alkaline soils are proven to lack plant-available iron. Fe-efficient plants, however, induce morpho-physiological and biochemical mechanisms of adaptation. These changes in morphology and physiology of the shoot-root systems of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L. cv. NC 2) plants were studied by cultivating them hydroponically in the nutrient solution containing different levels of Fe3+EDDHA (0.00, 0.125, 0.25, 0.50, 1 and 2 ppm). Three types of chlorosis and regreening (I, II, III) on the shoot system appeared simultaneously with three types of rooting (I, II, III) in different stages of plant growth under Fe-free media. The difference in the regreening processes of plants grown in Fe-free and Fe-treated media indicated that their signaling pathways for Fe localization might be different. The morphological responses were found to correlate to three types of regular and rhythmic pH changes in the nutrient solutions. The sites of pH responses and Fe3+ reducing activities in the roots showed dependence on the type of root and shoot morphology. Keywords: Fe-deficiency, peanut, chlorosis, Fe uptake, Fe-efficiency Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 290-298 Volume: 53 Issue: 7 Year: 2007 DOI: 10.17221/2212-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2212-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200707-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:53:y:2007:i:7:id:2212-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: W. Wadas Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of Podlasie, Siedlce, Poland Author-Name: E. Kosterna Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of Podlasie, Siedlce, Poland Title: Effect of perforated foil and polypropylene fibre covers on assimilation leaf area of early potato cultivars Abstract: This paper presents the results of a three-year research on the effect of perforated polyethylene foil and polypropylene fibre covering at various lengths of plant cover period (2 and 3 weeks after plant emergence) on the assimilation leaf area of early potato cultivars. In the case of plant covering for 2 weeks after emergence the assimilation leaf area and leaf area index (LAI) at the moment of cover removal were on average 2 times higher than in the cultivation without covering; at the 3-week period of plant covering they were almost 1.7 times higher. A higher favourable effect of covering was obtained in the year with the lowest air temperature in May. The use of the covers at that time increased the assimilation leaf area and LAI 2.5 times and 3 times, respectively. The research showed no significant effect of the type of cover used on the assimilation leaf area and LAI; however, the specific leaf area (SLA) was higher with the use of polypropylene fibre. Keywords: early potato, perforated polyethylene foil, polypropylene fibre, assimilation leaf area, leaf area index (LAI), specific leaf area (SLA) Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 299-305 Volume: 53 Issue: 7 Year: 2007 DOI: 10.17221/2208-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2208-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200707-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:53:y:2007:i:7:id:2208-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Trnka Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Agrosystems and Bioclimatology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Hlavinka Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Agrosystems and Bioclimatology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: D. Semerádová Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Agrosystems and Bioclimatology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Dubrovský Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Z. Žalud Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Agrosystems and Bioclimatology, Mendel University of Agriculture and Forestry in Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Možný Author-Workplace-Name: Agrometeorological Observatory in Doksany, Czech Hydrometeorological Institute, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Agricultural drought and spring barley yields in the Czech Republic Abstract: The relationship between detrended district yields of spring barley (1961-2000) and meteorological drought was assessed by Palmer Z-index. We found that the seasonal water balance (April-June) significantly (P = 0.05) influences the spring barley production in 51 out of 62 evaluated districts. Coefficients of correlation varied in individual districts from 0.19 to 0.70, with the highest values being found in southern Moravia. Data analysis revealed the presence of six distinct groups of districts with a specific drought-yield relationship. The most drought-sensitive cluster included five districts in the South East of the country. On the other hand, the districts in Northern Moravia and Silesia belong among the least sensitive to agricultural drought. The study also defined threshold values of seasonal drought (sums of relative Palmer Z-index lower than -8 and -10, respectively), below which medium to severe spring barley yield reductions are very likely, regardless of the district of occurrence. Keywords: Hordeum vulgare L., Palmer Z-index, climatic conditions, yield, drought Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 306-316 Volume: 53 Issue: 7 Year: 2007 DOI: 10.17221/2210-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2210-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200707-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:53:y:2007:i:7:id:2210-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: G. Rotková Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Renaturation of telomere-binding proteins after the fractionation by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis Abstract: A simple method for identification and characterization of telomere-binding proteins is described in this article. After Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate-Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), proteins are eluted, renatured and used for retardation analysis with labelled oligonucleotides corresponding to human and plant of telomeric sequences. We show here that this method is efficient to recover sequence-specific DNA-binding abilities of putative telomere-binding proteins. Keywords: method, renaturation, telomere-binding proteins, telomeres Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 317-320 Volume: 53 Issue: 7 Year: 2007 DOI: 10.17221/2211-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2211-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200707-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:53:y:2007:i:7:id:2211-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: B. Janoušek Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Žlůvová Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Mapping of non-recombining regions via molecular markers Abstract: The lack of recombination in some genomic regions represents a serious obstacle in mapping studies. In this review, we describe methods that are currently used to overcome this problem. Main attention is given to the comparison of methods that are based on the principle of radiation hybrid mapping. We also discuss a strategy called HAPPY mapping (mapping based on the analysis of approximately HAPloid DNA samples using the PolYmerase chain reaction). In addition to reviewing the methods used by other authors, we also summarize our experience with deletion mapping of Y-chromosome in dioecious model plant species (Silene latifolia). Keywords: physical maps, radiation hybrid mapping, recombination, deletion, HAPPY mapping, RH mapping software Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 321-324 Volume: 53 Issue: 7 Year: 2007 DOI: 10.17221/2207-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2207-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200707-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:53:y:2007:i:7:id:2207-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. Mokroš Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Chromosomal rearrangements in Arabidopsis mutants revealed by repeated FISH Abstract: The stability of plant nuclear genome is a necessary condition for the faithful transmission of genetic information through cell lineages. When DNA damage occurs due to various impairments, cells start a number of repair processes including ligation of broken chromosomes. As a result, dicentric chromosomes can be formed. Dicentrics are easily detectable as anaphase bridges during following mitosis. Using Arabidopsis as a model plant, we developed a sensitive cytogenetic assay to identify specific chromosomal rearrangements. Here we show Arabidopsis tert-/- and atm-/- mutants and their chromosome rearrangements and fusions analysed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The method is based on successive rounds of FISH with chromosome-specific probes and the comparison of resulting FISH images. Keywords: Arabidopsis, FISH, chromosomal fusions, BAC probes, rDNA loci Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 325-328 Volume: 53 Issue: 7 Year: 2007 DOI: 10.17221/2206-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2206-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200707-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:53:y:2007:i:7:id:2206-PSE