Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: editors Title: INDEX 2007 Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: I-V Volume: 53 Issue: 12 Year: 2007 DOI: 10.17221/2189-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2189-PSE.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:53:y:2007:i:12:id:2189-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: H.M. Kalaji Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Physiology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland Author-Name: T. Loboda Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Sanitary Biology and Biotechnology, Bialystok University of Technology, Bialystok, Poland Title: Photosystem II of barley seedlings under cadmium and lead stress Abstract: Chlorophyll a fluorescence measurements were carried out on two barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars Arabi Abiad and Arabi Aswad at 8 and 14 days after emergence to identify their early tolerance mechanism for heavy metals (25 and 50μM of cadmium and lead). Transient fluorescence curves (OJIP curves) and energy flux models showed different specific reactions of photosystem II (PSII) of each cultivar to each type of stress. After 7 days of lead stress application plants of cv. A. Aswad showed weaker I and P peaks on the OJIP curve than control plants, and the appearance of a new K step; parameters of phenomenological energy fluxes for cv. A. Abiad were similar to those for control plants and only some silent reaction centers appeared. Generally, parameters of energy fluxes within PSII were directly shifted shortly (24 h) after the application of both heavy metals, especially in the case of plants grown under cadmium treatment. This suggests that these parameters could be good indicators for monitoring of these two pollutants in the environment at early stages of plant development. Keywords: OJIP-test, chlorophyll fluorescence, heavy metals, bioenergetics Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 511-516 Volume: 53 Issue: 12 Year: 2007 DOI: 10.17221/2191-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2191-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200712-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:53:y:2007:i:12:id:2191-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Csiszár Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary Author-Name: E. Lantos Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary Author-Name: I. Tari Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary Author-Name: E. Madoşă Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Plant Biotechnology, Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences, Timisoara, Romania Author-Name: B. Wodala Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary Author-Name: Á. Vashegyi Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary Author-Name: F. Horváth Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary Author-Name: A. Pécsváradi Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary Author-Name: M. Szabó Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary Author-Name: B. Bartha Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary Author-Name: Á. Gallé Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary Author-Name: A. Lazăr Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Plant Biotechnology, Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences, Timisoara, Romania Author-Name: G. Coradini Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Plant Biotechnology, Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences, Timisoara, Romania Author-Name: M. Staicu Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Plant Biotechnology, Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences, Timisoara, Romania Author-Name: S. Postelnicu Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Plant Biotechnology, Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences, Timisoara, Romania Author-Name: S. Mihacea Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Plant Biotechnology, Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences, Timisoara, Romania Author-Name: G. Nedelea Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Plant Biotechnology, Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences, Timisoara, Romania Author-Name: L. Erdei Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Biology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary Title: Antioxidant enzyme activities in Allium species and their cultivars under water stress Abstract: We compared the enzymatic antioxidative defence mechanisms of some regional subspecies of Allium (A. cepa L., A. ascalonicum auct. hort., A. sativum L.) cultivated mainly in the western regions of Romania, and two modern Hungarian climate resistant F 1 hybrids. The variability in the activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) and their changes under soil moisture stress were investigated. 1-week-long water stress revealed that among three Allium species, relative water content decreased only in A. ascalonicum leaves (up to 16%). Unlike root enzymes, the activities of the shoot enzymes, especially POD, GR and GST showed a stronger correlation with the water content of the leaves after one week of water withdrawal; regression coefficients (R2) were 0.359, 0.518 and 0.279, respectively. The ancient populations with elevated (or highly inducible) antioxidant enzyme activities may be interesting for further research and for breeding of new Allium varieties. Keywords: Allium species, superoxide dismutase, catalase, guaiacol peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione S-transferase, drought stress, genetic diversity Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 517-523 Volume: 53 Issue: 12 Year: 2007 DOI: 10.17221/2192-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2192-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200712-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:53:y:2007:i:12:id:2192-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: K. ÇAVUŞOGLU Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Arts and Science, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey Author-Name: S. Kiliç Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Arts and Science, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey Author-Name: K. Kabar Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Arts and Science, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta, Turkey Title: Effects of pretreatments of some growth regulators on the stomata movements of barley seedlings grown under saline (NaCl) conditions Abstract: In this work, the effects of double, triple and quadruple combinations of gibberellic acid, kinetin, 24-epibrassinolide and polyamines (cadaverine, putrescine, spermidine, spermine) on the stomata movements in the leaves of barley seedlings grown under saline conditions were studied. In the control seedlings, the stomata number, stomata index and stomata length increased in the upper surfaces of leaves in comparison with their lower surfaces. In addition, the epidermis cell number in the leaves of control plants were fewer in the upper surface than that in the lower surface, but the stomata were statistically in the equal width in both surfaces. As for the applyings, they generally decreased stomata number, stomata index, stomata length and epidermis cell number, while they increased the stomata width in the upper and especially in the lower surface according to the control. The growth regulators used may have served to adaptation of barley seedlings to saline conditions by causing a decrease in most of the mentioned parameters. Keywords: barley, plant growth regulators, salt stress, stomata movements Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 524-528 Volume: 53 Issue: 12 Year: 2007 DOI: 10.17221/2193-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2193-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200712-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:53:y:2007:i:12:id:2193-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: R.M. Ali Author-Workplace-Name: Botany Department, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt Author-Name: H.M. Abbas Author-Workplace-Name: Botany Department, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt Author-Name: R.K. Kamal Author-Workplace-Name: Botany Department, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt Title: The effects of treatment with polyamines on dry matter, oil and flavonoid contents in salinity stressed chamomile and sweet marjoram Abstract: he study was undertaken to determine a possible role of polyamines (putrescine, spermidine, spermine) as antioxidants in salt tolerance of Chamomilla recutita and Origanum majorana. Salinity generally induced variable changes in growth, contents of oil and flavonoids of both plants; foliar application of any polyamines counterbalanced the effects of salinity. In general, the degree of stimulation differed according to the type and concentration of the used additive and the type of the plant. Keywords: Chamomilla recutita, Origanum majorana, NaCl, polyamines (putrescine, spermidine, spermine), oil, flavonoids Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 529-543 Volume: 53 Issue: 12 Year: 2007 DOI: 10.17221/2188-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2188-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200712-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:53:y:2007:i:12:id:2188-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Wyszkowska Author-Workplace-Name: University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: E. Boros Author-Workplace-Name: University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: J. Kucharski Author-Workplace-Name: University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland Title: Effect of interactions between nickel and other heavy metals on the soil microbiological properties Abstract: A pot greenhouse experiment was performed to determine the effect of contamination with nickel interacting with other heavy metals on the microbiological properties of soil. The study was conducted on samples of soils classified under natural conditions as typical Eutric Cambisol developed from heavy loamy sand and typical Eutric Cambisol developed from light silty loam. Soil material was contaminated with nickel in the amount of 50 and 200 mg Ni2+/kg. The treatments with 200 mg Ni2+/kg were additionally contaminated with other heavy metals (Zn2+, Cu2+, Pb2+, Cd2+, Cr6+), in the amount of 50 mg/kg soil. The following treatments, in which the soil was contaminated with heavy metals applied alone or in combinations, were compared in the study: Ni, Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, Cr, NiZn, NiCu, NiPb, NiCd, NiCr, NiZnCu, NiZnPb, NiZnCd, NiZnCr, NiZnCuPb, NiZnCuCd, NiZnCuCr, NiZnCuPbCd, NiZnCuPbCr, NiZnCuPbCdCr. The experiment was carried out in four replications. A microbiological analysis was performed on days 28 and 56. The tested crop was oat. It was found that the impact of particular heavy metals on microbiological properties of soils depended on their type, interactions between nickel and zinc, copper, lead, cadmium and chromium (VI), date of analysis and soil species. Soil contamination with heavy metals reduced the population size of Azotobacter spp. The counts of other microbial groups, i.e. copiotrophic bacteria, spore-forming copiotrophic bacteria, oligotrophic bacteria, spore-forming oligotrophic bacteria, ammonifying bacteria, nitrogen immobilizing bacteria, cellulose-decomposing bacteria, Arthrobacter spp., Pseudomonas spp., actinomyces and fungi, showed varied susceptibility to heavy metals. Keywords: soil microbes, heavy metals, soil Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 544-552 Volume: 53 Issue: 12 Year: 2007 DOI: 10.17221/2190-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2190-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200712-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:53:y:2007:i:12:id:2190-PSE