Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Yildiz Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Arts, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey Author-Name: H. Terzi Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Arts, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey Title: Effects of NaCl on protein profiles of tetraploid and hexaploid wheat species and their diploid wild progenitors Abstract: The soluble proteins extracted from the first leaf tissues of cultivated tetraploid (Triticum durum Desf., genome AB) and hexaploid (T. aestivum L., genome ABD) wheat species and their diploid wild progenitors [T. monococcum L. (A), Aegilops speltoides Tausch (B), and Aegilops tauschii Cosson (D)] exposed to 100 mmol/l NaCl stress were separated by two-dimensional (2D) gel electrophoresis. There was no newly synthesized protein in the NaCl treatment compared to the control treatment in all species. However, protein profiles showed some differences among species. Most of these proteins had acidic character; their isoelectric point (pI = pH - acidity of proteins) ranged between 5.1-6.9 and low-mol weight (LMW) between 20.3-30.6 kDa. Salt stress caused some proteins to increase or decrease. In the same MW and pI, 11 LMW and 3 intermediate-mol weight (IMW, 34.8-35.4 kDa) proteins increased and/or decreased in amounts were common between at least two species. The remarkable changes in Ae. speltoides were detected as decreases or losses in protein profiles. As a result of salt stress, all the remarkable changes in T. durum were detected as the increases in proteins. However, some proteins increased in T. aestivum, T. monococcum and Ae. tauschii. It is suggested that an increase in the amount of the proteins may lead to an increase in the tolerance mechanisms towards NaCl salinity of wheat species which has A and/or genome(s). Keywords: salt stress, cultivated wheat species, wild wheat progenitors, electrophoresis, protein profile Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 227-233 Volume: 54 Issue: 6 Year: 2008 DOI: 10.17221/2785-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2785-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200806-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:54:y:2008:i:6:id:2785-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A.M. Mahdy Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Soil and Water, College of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt Author-Name: E.A. Elkhatib Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Soil and Water, College of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt Author-Name: N.O. Fathi Author-Workplace-Name: Salinity and Alkalinity Soils Research Laboratory, Ministry of Agriculture, Cairo, Egypt Title: Drinking water treatment residuals as an amendment to alkaline soils: Effects on bioaccumulation of heavy metals and aluminum in corn plants Abstract: An alum-based drinking water treatment residue (DWTR) is the by-product from the production of potable water. Land application of DWTR has received a considerable attention for its potential as a low-cost disposal alternative. A greenhouse experiment was conducted to quantify the effects of DWTR on bioaccumulation of some heavy metals in plant tissue and to determine the effects of the DWTR on soil aluminum and aluminum phytotoxicity for the corn plants in alkaline soils. The results indicated that land application of DWTR significantly decreased extractable heavy metals in all studied soils. Combined analyses of all soils and rates of DWTR application showed significant relationship between DTPA-extractable heavy metals and heavy metals uptake of corn plants. Addition of DWTR with different rates (10, 20, 30 and 40 g/kg) to different soil types did not cause aluminum phytotoxicity symptoms for corn plants grown in all studied alkaline agricultural soils because the application rates of DWTR did not increase extractable Al in amended soils > 8 mg Al/kg and the Al phytotoxicity may occur below pH 5.5. Extractable Al is associated with pH of the studied soils, combined analyses of all soils and rates of DWTR application showed a significant relationship between extractable Al and pH. Based on the results of current study, the DWTR is considered an ameliorating material for heavy metals removal from soils; however, additional studies are necessary to confirm these results under field conditions. Keywords: land application, drinking water treatment residue (DWTR), Al, heavy metals, alkaline soils Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 234-246 Volume: 54 Issue: 6 Year: 2008 DOI: 10.17221/256-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/256-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200806-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:54:y:2008:i:6:id:256-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. Hanč Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Tlustoš Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Száková Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Balík Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic Title: The influence of organic fertilizers application on phosphorus and potassium bioavailabilit Abstract: A prerequisite to use organic fertilizers in a sustainable way is to quantify the amount of phosphorus and potassium available for plants that could be taken up by a crop. The objective of this study was to evaluate direct and subsequent influence of organic fertilizers addition (poultry manure and two types of composts) on the changes of bioavailability of phosphorus and potassium in soil and their accumulation in the aboveground oat biomass (Avena sativa L.) during three years. The available phosphorus and potassium contents in soil had a degressive trend during the years of experiment. The lowest contents of these elements in soil were found in all treatments in the last year of the experiment. The plants took up the least P and K after application of compost derived from predominant sewage sludge portion. A stronger correlation (R = 0.88; P < 0.05) was found between available content of K in soil treated with organic fertilizers and K content in the aboveground biomass of oat than in the case of P (R = 0.45; P < 0.05). Keywords: organic fertilizers, compost, poultry manure, soil, phosphorus, potassium, oat, uptake Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 247-254 Volume: 54 Issue: 6 Year: 2008 DOI: 10.17221/2786-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2786-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200806-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:54:y:2008:i:6:id:2786-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Kumhálová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biomathematics and Databases, Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Š. Matějková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Crop Growing Technologies, Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Fifernová Author-Workplace-Name: Czech Geological Survey, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Lipavský Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biomathematics and Databases, Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: F. Kumhála Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural Machines, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Topography impact on nutrition content in soil and yield Abstract: The main aim of this study was to determine the dependence of yield and selected soil properties on topography of the experimental field by using topographical data (elevation, slope and flow accumulation). The topography and yield data were obtained from a yield monitor for combine harvester, and soil properties data were taken from sampling points of our experimental field. Initially, the topographical parameters of elevation and slope were estimated and then the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) grid was created. On the basis of field slope the flow direction model and the flow accumulation model were created. The flow accumulation model, elevation and slope were then compared with the yield and content of nitrogen and organic carbon in soil in the years 2004, 2005 and 2006 in relation to the sum of precipitation and temperatures in crop growing seasons of these years. The correlation analysis of all previously mentioned elements was calculated and statistical evaluation proved a significant dependence of yield and soil nutrition content on flow accumulation. For the wettest evaluated year the correlation coefficient 0.25 was calculated, for the driest year it was 0.62. Keywords: precision agriculture, topography, GIS, flow accumulation, yield, nutrition content, management zones Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 255-261 Volume: 54 Issue: 6 Year: 2008 DOI: 10.17221/257-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/257-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200806-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:54:y:2008:i:6:id:257-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: R. John Author-Workplace-Name: Centre for Energy Studies, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India Author-Name: P. Ahmad Author-Workplace-Name: Biochemistry Laboratory, CRDT, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India Author-Name: K. Gadgil Author-Workplace-Name: Centre for Energy Studies, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India Author-Name: S. Sharma Author-Workplace-Name: Biochemistry Laboratory, CRDT, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India Title: Effect of cadmium and lead on growth, biochemical parameters and uptake in Lemna polyrrhizaL. Abstract: Aquatic plants are known to accumulate heavy metals. In this study, Duckweed plants (Lemna polyrrhiza L.) were exposed to different concentrations of Cd and Pb. Various physio-biochemical parameters (fresh weight, chlorophyll content, soluble protein, soluble sugars, proline content and metal absorption) were studied. At lower metal concentrations, an increase in proline, protein and sugar was observed but at higher concentrations (above 30 mg/l) their decrease was noticed. Uptake of the metals was concentration and time dependent. Treatment with 1, 10 and 20 mg/l of Cd and Pb showed synergistic relation while 30 and 40 mg/l treatments showed antagonistic relation during the metal uptake. The results suggest that the L. polyrrhiza can be effectively used as a phytoremediator for wastewater polluted with more than one heavy metal at moderate concentrations. Keywords: absorption, biochemical parameters, heavy metal, Lemna polyrrhiza L., phytoremediation Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 262-270 Volume: 54 Issue: 6 Year: 2008 DOI: 10.17221/2787-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2787-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200806-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:54:y:2008:i:6:id:2787-PSE