Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: H.Y. Dasgan Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Horticulture, Agricultural Faculty, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey Author-Name: S. Kusvuran Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Horticulture, Agricultural Faculty, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey Author-Name: K. Abak Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Horticulture, Agricultural Faculty, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey Author-Name: L. Leport Author-Workplace-Name: Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu, Agrocampus Rennes, Rennes Cedex, France Author-Name: F. Larher Author-Workplace-Name: Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu, Agrocampus Rennes, Rennes Cedex, France Author-Name: A. Bouchereau Author-Workplace-Name: Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu, Agrocampus Rennes, Rennes Cedex, France Title: The relationship between citrulline accumulation and salt tolerance during the vegetative growth of melon (Cucumis melo L.) Abstract: Citrulline has been recently shown to behave as a novel compatible solute in the Citrullus lanatus (Cucurbitaceae) growing under desert conditions. In the present study we have investigated some aspects of the relationship which might occur in leaves of melon seedlings, also known to produce citrulline, between the capacity to accumulate this ureido amino acid and salt tolerance. With this end in view, salt-induced changes at the citrulline level have been compared in two melon genotypes exhibiting contrasted abilities to withstand the damaging effects of high salinity. Progressive salinization of the growing solution occurred at 23 days after sowing. The final 250 mmol/l external NaCl concentration was reached within 5 days and further maintained for 16 days. In response to this treatment, it was found that the citrulline amount increased in fully expanded leaves of both genotypes according to different kinetics. The salt tolerant genotype Midyat was induced to accumulate citrulline 4 days before the salt sensitive Yuva and as a consequence the final amount of this amino acid was twice higher in the former than in the latter. Compared with citrulline, the free proline level was found to be relatively low and the changes induced in response to the salt treatment exhibited different trends according to the genotypes under study. Thus at the end of the treatment mature leaves of the salt sensitive Yuva contained higher amount of proline than those of Midyat. The changes in the calculated molar ratio between citrulline and free proline suggested that salt tolerance might be associated with high values for this ratio and vice et versa for sensitivity. The interest of citrulline as a biochemical marker for salt tolerance of melon genotypes is discussed. Keywords: salt tolerance, free amino acids, proline, biochemical markers, plant abiotic stress Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 51-57 Volume: 55 Issue: 2 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/316-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/316-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200902-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:55:y:2009:i:2:id:316-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A.K.S. Lobato Author-Workplace-Name: Núcleo de Pesquisa Aplicada a Agricultura, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil Author-Name: M.C. Gonçalves-Vidigal Author-Workplace-Name: Núcleo de Pesquisa Aplicada a Agricultura, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil Author-Name: P.S. Vidigal Filho Author-Workplace-Name: Núcleo de Pesquisa Aplicada a Agricultura, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil Author-Name: R.C.L. Costa Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratório de Fisiologia Vegetal Avançada, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Author-Name: F.J.R. Cruz Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratório de Fisiologia Vegetal Avançada, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Author-Name: D.G.C. Santos Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratório de Fisiologia Vegetal Avançada, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Author-Name: C.R. Silva Author-Workplace-Name: Núcleo de Pesquisa Aplicada a Agricultura, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil Author-Name: L.I. Silva Author-Workplace-Name: Núcleo de Pesquisa Aplicada a Agricultura, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil Author-Name: L.L. Sousa Author-Workplace-Name: Núcleo de Pesquisa Aplicada a Agricultura, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil Title: Changes in photosynthetic pigment and carbohydrate content in common bean cultivars infected by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in photosynthetic pigments and carbohydrate contents on resistant and susceptible plants of Phaseolus vulgaris L. (cvs. Mexico 222 and Widusa) infected by Colletotrichum lindemuthianum race 23. The experimental design used was entirely randomized in factorial scheme, with 2 cultivars (Mexico 222 and Widusa) and 2 treatments (control and inoculated). The cultivar Widusa (susceptible) showed a significant reduction in photosynthetic pigments, and an increase in the total carbohydrates, sucrose and reducing carbohydrates, whereas the cultivar Mexico 222 (resistant) showed a significant change in the carotenoid and total carbohydrate contents. Keywords: Phaseolus vulgaris L., Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, chlorophyll, carbohydrate, dinase Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 58-61 Volume: 55 Issue: 2 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/259-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/259-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200902-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:55:y:2009:i:2:id:259-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: S. Rauf Author-Workplace-Name: Oilseeds Research Laboratory, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan Author-Name: H.A. Sadaqat Author-Workplace-Name: Oilseeds Research Laboratory, Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan Author-Name: I.A. Khan Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan Author-Name: R. Ahmed Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Crop Physiology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan Title: Genetic analysis of leaf hydraulics in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) under drought stress Abstract: Improvement in leaf hydraulics is directly related to the improvement of plant tolerance to drought stress. Therefore, a field and pot experiment was carried out to determine the type of genetic variability and selection of parental types on the basis of combining ability for leaf hydraulics. Genotypes showed similar performance in both experiments; higher values were shown by drought tolerant genotypes in all traits except for osmotic potential, which drought tolerant genotypes maintained lower. Osmotic adjustment in pot experiment showed the highest magnitude of additive type of genetic variability. Female showed a higher and significant contribution of general combining ability effects as compared to male; it suggests that within genotypes female rather than male mostly contribute for additive genes. AMES-10103 showed the highest general combining ability effects for traits such as turgor pressure and osmotic adjustment. Keywords: leaf hydraulics, genetic analysis, sunflower, drought Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 62-69 Volume: 55 Issue: 2 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/260-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/260-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200902-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:55:y:2009:i:2:id:260-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: I. Mistríková Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Š. Vaverková Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic Title: Patterns of variation in lipophilic and hydrophilic constituents in flower developmental stages of Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench cultivated in Slovakia Abstract: The objective of this study was to examine and demonstrate how harvesting age (flower age) contribute to the variations in the quality of Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench. The effects of different flower developmental stages on caffeic acid derivatives and isobutylamide content are described. These phytochemicals were extracted from fresh plants with 60% ethanol and quantified by the HPLC analysis. The results revealed that the quality of Echinacea is strongly influenced by the flower developmental stages. The highest content of both hydrophilic and lipophilic components in the anthodium of Echinacea plants were found in the third (mature) developmental stage, which is regarded as the optimum one for the harvest to obtain optimum yield levels. Keywords: Echinacea purpurea, anthodium, developmental stages, cichoric acid, echinacoside, chlorogenic acid, isobutylamide, harvest time Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 70-73 Volume: 55 Issue: 2 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/261-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/261-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200902-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:55:y:2009:i:2:id:261-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Toselli Author-Workplace-Name: Dipartimento di Colture Arboree, Università di Bologna, viale Fanin, Bologna, Italy Author-Name: P. Schiatti Author-Workplace-Name: PROBER, Emilia Romagna Organic and Biodynamic Producers Association viale Marconi, Bologna, Italy Author-Name: D. Ara Author-Workplace-Name: PROBER, Emilia Romagna Organic and Biodynamic Producers Association viale Marconi, Bologna, Italy Author-Name: A. Bertacchini Author-Workplace-Name: ITER, via Brugnoli, Bologna, Italy Author-Name: M. Quartieri Author-Workplace-Name: Dipartimento di Colture Arboree, Università di Bologna, viale Fanin, Bologna, Italy Title: The accumulation of copper in soils of the Italian region Emilia-Romagna Abstract: The investigation was carried out in 2005, on 30 plots chosen in the Central-Eastern part of the Emilia Romagna region, and cultivated with pear, grapevine and vegetable crops under the organic management system. For each crop, 5 plots with a level of calcium carbonate > 10% and 5 plots with a level of calcium carbonate < 3% were selected. For pear and vine, soil analyses were performed at the depths of 0-20 cm and 20-50 cm, for vegetable at the depth of 0-50 cm. Organic matter content was higher in pear-cultivated plots, followed by grapevine and vegetable crops. Copper application rate, from 1998 to 2004, was higher in pear and grapevine than in vegetable plots. Soil total and DTPA-extractable Cu were higher in pear and grapevine than in vegetable-cultivated plots. Soil DTPA-extractable Cu concentration was higher in the upper horizon than at 20-50 cm soil depth. The increase of total Cu in pear and vine-cultivated plots was combined with the increase of soil inactive Cu. Keywords: calcium carbonate, EDTA-extractable Cu, grapevine, pear Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 74-79 Volume: 55 Issue: 2 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/317-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/317-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200902-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:55:y:2009:i:2:id:317-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: L. Ducsay Author-Workplace-Name: Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: O. Ložek Author-Workplace-Name: Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: L. Varga Author-Workplace-Name: Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovak Republic Title: The influence of selenium soil application on its content in spring wheat Abstract: The influence of application of increasing doses of selenium (0.05 mg, 0.10 mg and 0.20 mg/kg) into soil in pot experiments, with NPK fertilization of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L., variety Banti), on the biomass yield (grain, straw, roots) and on selenium accumulation was observed. Selenium in the form of sodium selenite (Na2SeO3*5H2O) and the NPK nutrients in the form of LAD-27, Ca(H2PO4)2 and KCl were applied. The average two-year results showed the expected indifferent effect of increasing doses of selenium on the yield of wheat grain, straw and roots. The differentiated doses of selenium into soil caused a significant increase of selenium content in dry matter (dm) of grain, straw and roots of wheat. The highest content of selenium (0.732 mg/kg in grain, 0.227 mg/kg in straw and 1.375 mg/kg in roots dm) was determined in the variant where 0.2 mg Se/kg of soil was applied. When applying the lowest dose of selenium (0.05 mg Se/kg of soil) the content of selenium was 0.155 mg Se/kg in grain. The selenium content in individual analysed parts of wheat was increasing in the following order: straw - grain - roots. Keywords: spring wheat, soil application, content of selenium, utility of selenium Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 80-84 Volume: 55 Issue: 2 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/318-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/318-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200902-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:55:y:2009:i:2:id:318-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Q. Li Author-Workplace-Name: Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetic and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shijiazhuang, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai?an, Shandong Province, P.R. China Author-Name: M. Liu Author-Workplace-Name: Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetic and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shijiazhuang, P.R. China Author-Name: J. Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, National Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Tai?an, Shandong Province, P.R. China Author-Name: B. Dong Author-Workplace-Name: Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetic and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Shijiazhuang, P.R. China Author-Name: Q. Bai Author-Workplace-Name: College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai?an, Shandong Province, P.R. China Title: Biomass accumulation and radiation use efficiency of winter wheat under deficit irrigation regimes Abstract: To better understand the potential for improving biomass accumulation and radiation use efficiency (RUE) of winter wheat under deficit irrigation regimes, in 2006-2007 and 2007-2008, an experiment was conducted at the Luancheng Experimental Station of Chinese Academy of Science to study the effects of deficit irrigation regimes on the photosynthetic active radiation (PAR), biomass accumulation, grain yield, and RUE of winter wheat. In this experiment, field experiment involving winter wheat with 1, 2 and 3 irrigation applications at sowing, jointing, or heading stages was conducted, and total irrigation water was all controlled at 120 mm. The results indicate that irrigation 2 or 3 times could help to increase the PAR capture ratio in the later growing season of winter wheat; this result was mainly due to the changes in the vertical distributions of leaf area index (LAI) and a significant increase of the LAI at 0-20 cm above the ground surface (LSD, P < 0.05). Compared with irrigation only once during the growing season of winter wheat, irrigation 2 times significantly (LSD, P < 0.05) increased aboveground dry matter at maturity; irrigation at sowing and heading or jointing and heading stages significantly (LSD, P < 0.05) improved the grain yield, and irrigation at jointing and heading stages provided the highest RUE (0.56 g/mol). Combining the grain yield and RUE, it can be concluded that irrigation at jointing and heading stages has higher grain yield and RUE, which will offer a sound measurement for developing deficit irrigation regimes in North China. Keywords: leaf area index, PAR capture ratio, PAR reflection ratio, PAR penetration ratio, grain yield, winter wheat, deficit irrigation Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 85-91 Volume: 55 Issue: 2 Year: 2009 DOI: 10.17221/315-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/315-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-200902-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:55:y:2009:i:2:id:315-PSE