Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: I. Burešová Author-Workplace-Name: Agrotest Fyto, Ltd., Kroměříž, Czech Republic Author-Name: I. Sedláčková Author-Workplace-Name: Agrotest Fyto, Ltd., Kroměříž, Czech Republic Author-Name: O. Faměra Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Agriculture in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Lipavský Author-Workplace-Name: Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Effect of growing conditions on starch and protein content in triticale grain and amylose content in starch Abstract: The effect of growing conditions on starch and protein content in triticale grain and amylose content in starch was studied on winter triticale cvs. Kitaro, Lupus, Lamberto and Ticino harvested in 2006 and 2007 in Humpolec and Pernolec, Czech Republic. Dry matter of the investigated triticale grain contained 62.4-70.9% of starch. The starch content and amylose content in starch were significantly affected by cultivar and year. Statistical analysis did not confirm that starch content and amylose content in starch were significantly influenced by growing variant or location. The protein content was significantly affected only by year. The differences in protein content among cultivars, growing variants and locations were not significant. The protein content was negatively correlated with starch content (r = -0.83). Statistical analysis of data also confirmed a positive correlation between the starch content and amylose content in starch (r = 0.45). Keywords: triticale, starch, amylose, amylopectin Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 99-104 Volume: 56 Issue: 3 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/123/2009-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/123/2009-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201003-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:56:y:2010:i:3:id:123-2009-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. Fecák Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Agroecology, Michalovce, Slovak Republic Author-Name: D. Šariková Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Agroecology, Michalovce, Slovak Republic Author-Name: I. Černý Author-Workplace-Name: Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovak Republic Title: Influence of tillage system and starting N fertilization on seed yield and quality of soybean Glycine max (L.) Merrill Abstract: This field polyfactorial trial with soybean was performed on gleyey alluvial soil in 2006-2008. Three tillage systems: conventional, reduced (spring shallow cultivation to a depth of 100 mm followed by drilling), no-tillage and two doses of starting N: 50 kg N/ha, 25 kg N/ha were tested in this trial. The trial was organized in a complete randomized block design with four replicates. All data were subjected to ANOVA, LSD method and regression analysis using Statgraphics. Seed yield was highly significantly (P ≤ 0.01) affected by weather conditions. Weather was the most dominant factor that influenced seed yield. The highest average yield was found in 2008 - 2.77 t/ha, followed by 2.34 t/ha in 2006 and the lowest yield of 1.98 t/ha in 2007. The stage of seed-filling was found as the most sensitive to water stress resulting in a yield reduction. Seed protein and oil were also highly significantly (P ≤ 0.01) affected by weather. This influence, as compared with tillage system and starting N, was much higher. A negative correlation coefficient r = -0.96 was found between protein and precipitation, compared to a positive correlation coefficient r = 0.81 between oil and precipitation. Tillage system affected seed yield highly significantly (P ≤ 0.01). The highest average yield of 2.60 t/ha gave conventional tillage, followed by reduced tillage - 2.39 t/ha and no-tillage - 2.11 t/ha. The results do not support the choice of no-tillage for profitable soybean production on heavy soils. Starting N fertilization had a significant (P ≤ 0.05) influence on seed yield. The average yield difference between the two starting N treatments was 0.05 t/ha in favour of the dose of 25 kg N/ha. This dose was proven as a rational one. Keywords: soybean, tillage system, starting N fertilization, weather, seed yield, seed protein and oil Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 105-110 Volume: 56 Issue: 3 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/201/2009-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/201/2009-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201003-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:56:y:2010:i:3:id:201-2009-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: S. Hejduk Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Knot Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Effect of provenance and ploidity of red clover varieties on productivity, persistence and growth pattern in mixture with grasses Abstract: In temporary and permanent grasslands, red clover distinctly increases herbage quality and production at low fertilization requirements. Main disadvantage of this species is its insufficient persistence. There are considerable differences in persistence among varieties, which are connected with different adaptability and disease resistance. In this experiment, we assessed the production of dry forage, number of plants and growth differences in eight tetraploid and fourteen diploid varieties grown in mixture with grasses. The highest production of forage for both harvest years was achieved by Czech varieties Spurt and Amos and by Swiss variety Milvus. The lowest forage production was recorded in both years in Swedish one-cut varieties Betty, Jesper and SW Torun. In the second production year, the most yielding was German variety Lucrum, followed by Czech varieties Spurt and Amos. The highest cover in the third production year was reached by Swiss variety Artus (87.8%) while the lowest cover was recorded in Austrian variety Reichersberger Neu (40.0%). Tetraploid varieties exhibited significantly lower contents of dry matter but their productivity and persistence did not differ from diploids. Very suitable for long-term use thus appear Swiss varieties of Mattenklee type (Artus, Milvus), German variety Lucrum and Czech varieties Amos, Spurt and Start. Keywords: variety testing, dry matter yield, cover estimation Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 111-119 Volume: 56 Issue: 3 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/164/2009-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/164/2009-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201003-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:56:y:2010:i:3:id:164-2009-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J.J. Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Resource and Environmental Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, P.R. China Author-Name: L.B. Wang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Resource and Environmental Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: College of Arts and Sciences, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Author-Name: C.L. Li Author-Workplace-Name: College of Resource and Environmental Science, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, P.R. China Title: Humus characteristics after maize residues degradation in soil amended with different copper concentrations Abstract: Crop residues humification is an important process in nutrient cycling in agroecosystems. A preliminary laboratory incubation experiment of 180 days was conducted to evaluate the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of humic fractions formed during the humification process of maize residues in soil amended with different copper (Cu) concentrations. The Cu concentrations tested were 0, 50, 100, 200, 400, 600, 800, and 1000 mg Cu/kg dry soil. Results showed that the carbon content of humic fractions, i.e. humic acid (HA) and fulvic acid (FA), increased with the increase of Cu concentrations; the exception was carbon content of HA that initially decreased at the concentration of 50 mg Cu/kg. The color coefficient (ΔlogK) and activation degree (AD) of HA increased with increasing Cu concentrations while the relative color intensity (RF) decreased. In summary, we found that the carbon accumulation of humic fractions increases while the degrees of humification and aromaticity of HA decrease with increasing Cu concentrations in soil. Keywords: humus composition, humic acid, color coefficient, relative color intensity, activation degree, maize residue, copper Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 120-124 Volume: 56 Issue: 3 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/218/2009-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/218/2009-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201003-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:56:y:2010:i:3:id:218-2009-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Pavlík Author-Workplace-Name: Isotope Laboratory, Institute of Experimental Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: D. Pavlíková Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Balík Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Neuberg Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: The contents of amino acids and sterols in maize plants growing under different nitrogen conditions Abstract: The effect of nitrogen nutrition on phytosterol and amino acid content in aboveground biomass of maize (Zea mays L.) was investigated in a pot experiment. For cultivation of maize plants nitrogen dose (2 or 4 g N/pot) was applied in the form of ammonium nitrate (AN) for control treatments or urea ammonium nitrate solution (UAN). UAN solution was applied according to the CULTAN method (Controlled Uptake Long Term Ammonium Nutrition). The content of amino acids as important nitrogen-containing compounds in plant biomass was affected by nitrogen nutrition. An increase of glutamine and asparagine levels in maize aboveground biomass was observed after UAN solution application. The results of free β-sitosterol analyses by HPLC showed its 94% increasing concentration after UAN application in contrast to AN treatments. Our results confirmed that sterol interconversions are controlled by environmental conditions and they are involved in the regulation of membrane properties in response to changing growth conditions. Keywords: plant metabolism, ammonium nutrition, phytosterol, Zea mays, CULTAN Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 125-132 Volume: 56 Issue: 3 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/214/2009-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/214/2009-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201003-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:56:y:2010:i:3:id:214-2009-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. Gholizadeh Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute for Fundamental Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran Author-Name: B.B. Kohnehrouz Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran Title: A molecular evidence for the presence of methylobacterial-type Fe siderophore receptor in Celosia cristata Abstract: The presence of efficient iron-uptake bacteria was predicted to be localized as endosymbionts within the leaves of Celosia cristata, a well known iron-rich plant. On the other hand, the symbiotic methylobacterium having a distinctive pink pigmentation was suggested to be more likely in the leaves of pink-colored plants. These considerations were experimented by priming a cDNA fragment containing methylobacterial-type Fe siderophore receptor domain from Celosia leaf cDNA population. Since no detectable homologue was found in plant species sequenced to date, the presence of a Fe-efficient methylobacterium endosymbiosis was reliably predicted in Celosia plant. This is the first report that may lead to the way for future studies on molecular interactions between high iron content pink-colored plants and iron-efficient pink-pigmented bacteria. Corresponding cDNA sequence was submitted to EMBL databases under accession number FM955594. Keywords: Celosia, siderophore, iron, methylobacterium, cDNA cloning Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 133-138 Volume: 56 Issue: 3 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/194/2009-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/194/2009-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201003-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:56:y:2010:i:3:id:194-2009-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: D. Liu Author-Workplace-Name: Analysis and Testing Center, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, P.R. China Author-Name: X. Wang Author-Workplace-Name: School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, P.R. China Author-Name: Z. Chen Author-Workplace-Name: Analysis and Testing Center, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: School of Life Sciences, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, P.R. China Author-Name: H. Xu Author-Workplace-Name: Analysis and Testing Center, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, P.R. China Author-Name: Y. Wang Author-Workplace-Name: Analysis and Testing Center, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo, P.R. China Title: Influence of mercury on chlorophyll content in winter wheat and mercury bioaccumulation Abstract: Mercury (Hg) is one of the major pollutants in soils because of the annual import of toxic Hg into the agricultural lands. The aims of the present studies are to investigate the effect of Hg on chlorophyll content in winter wheat var. jinan No. 17. Moreover, calcium (Ca) levels and bioaccumulation of Hg in wheat leaves were studied with the technique of inductively coupled plasma sector field mass spectrometer (ICP-SF-MS). The study conducted a range of Hg concentrations from 0~500 mg Hg/kg in the dry weight soil. The soil was artificially contaminated with Hg as follows: 0, 100, 200, and 500 mg Hg/kg as HgCl2. At early stages of the wheat growth, both low and high concentration of Hg stimulates chlorophyll content, but inhibits chlorophyll content at later stages of the wheat growth. Furthermore, the concentrations of Ca and Hg in wheat leaves increased with the increasing concentration of Hg on the thirty-fourth day with the technique of ICP-SF-MS. The results indicate that Hg can accelerate the absorption of Ca in winter wheat and Hg stress may affect Ca levels in wheat leaves. Keywords: mercury, chlorophyll, calcium, winter wheat Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 139-143 Volume: 56 Issue: 3 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/210/2009-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/210/2009-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201003-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:56:y:2010:i:3:id:210-2009-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Vaněk Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Information Technologies, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: E. Červenková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Information Technologies, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Jarolímek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Information Technologies, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Šimek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Information Technologies, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: State and evaluation of information and communication technologies development in agricultural enterprises in the Czech Republic Abstract: The paper presents selected information on the newest results of a wide investigation of the state of information and communication technologies development in agricultural production enterprises in the Czech Republic. The investigation was realized in the first half of 2009 with the main aim to analyze development of information infrastructure and actual trends in ICT use in rural regions where most entrepreneurial subjects operate. Besides a presentation of own research results, some obtained pieces of knowledge are then commented and eventually discussed in connection with official outputs of the Czech Statistical Office (CSO), if they have a certain relevance to the given problems. Keywords: ICT, broadband, internet, www, operating system, PC Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 144-147 Volume: 56 Issue: 3 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/212/2009-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/212/2009-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201003-0008.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:56:y:2010:i:3:id:212-2009-PSE