Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: editors Title: Index of volume 56 Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: I-VI Volume: 56 Issue: 12 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/1637-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/1637-PSE.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:56:y:2010:i:12:id:1637-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: C.Y. Hao Author-Workplace-Name: Spice and Beverage Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wanning, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Provincial Key Laboratory of Conservation and Employment of Biological Resources, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, P.R. China Author-Name: R. Fan Author-Workplace-Name: Spice and Beverage Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wanning, P.R. China Author-Name: H.S. Wu Author-Workplace-Name: Spice and Beverage Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Wanning, P.R. China Author-Name: X.P. Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: Provincial Key Laboratory of Conservation and Employment of Biological Resources, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Environment and Ecological Safety of Colleges in Anhui Province, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, P.R. China Author-Name: L. Wang Author-Workplace-Name: Provincial Key Laboratory of Conservation and Employment of Biological Resources, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Environment and Ecological Safety of Colleges in Anhui Province, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, P.R. China Author-Name: W.L. Chen Author-Workplace-Name: Provincial Key Laboratory of Conservation and Employment of Biological Resources, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Environment and Ecological Safety of Colleges in Anhui Province, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, P.R. China Author-Name: Z.L. Chen Author-Workplace-Name: The Administration Bureau of Dapanshan National Natural Reserve, Pan'an, Title: Physiological response of Monimopetalum chinense to light stress under habitat fragmentation Abstract: To determine the effect of light stress under fragmental habitat on the physiology, this paper investigated the physiological responses of Monimopetalum chinense with different light intensities in the Xianyu Mountains (Anhui, China). The study showed that both weak and intense light brought about by habitat fragmentation could improve antioxidant enzymes activities, and promote electrical conductivity and malondialdehyde content of M. chinense leaves. However, too strong light could inhibit photosynthesis rates, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase activities. In addition, the characteristics of leaves were affected by light intensity at the fragmental habitat. Specifically, intense light was disadvantageous to photosynthesis and antioxidant enzymes of the species. Our results suggest that the biodiversity conservation of M. chinense is necessary, and that light intensity should be considered carefully when implementing conservation efforts. Keywords: endangered, photosynthesis rate, antioxidant enzymes, electrical conductivity, lipid peroxidation Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 551-556 Volume: 56 Issue: 12 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/41/2009-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/41/2009-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201012-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:56:y:2010:i:12:id:41-2009-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: O. Kozlovský Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Balík Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Černý Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Kulhánek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Hakl Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forage Crops and Grassland Management, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: A. Kohoutek Author-Workplace-Name: Crop Research Institute, Research Station of Grassland Ecosystems in Jevíčko, Jevíčko, Czech Republic Title: Assessment of surface and injection fertilization on various grass hybrids in grass-clover mixture Abstract: In a small-plot trial, grass hybrids Perseus (loloid) and Felina (festucoid) were compared in a mixture with red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) and their reactions to surface application of nitrogen fertilizers or injection into soil according to CULTAN method were investigated. Both fertilizer application methods were used with three levels of nitrogen. Mixtures containing the Felina hybrid had higher yields (12.1 t/ha) compared to the Perseus hybrid (11.0 t/ha), and they also showed higher clover abundance. Increasing dosage of nitrogen resulted in slightly higher yield, whereas the trend in clover abundance was opposite. Nitrogen injection resulted in slightly higher dry matter yields and slightly higher clover abundance as compared to surface fertilization. The N content in the grass-clover mixture was balanced for both types of fertilizer application and did not change significantly with increasing dosage of fertilizer. A slightly higher N content was observed at the Felina hybrid treatments; the dependence of this element on clover abundance in the mixture was set up to 50%. Keywords: dry matter yield, nitrogen uptake, fibre content, clover abundance, N application technique Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 557-563 Volume: 56 Issue: 12 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/174/2010-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/174/2010-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201012-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:56:y:2010:i:12:id:174-2010-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: K. Krofta Author-Workplace-Name: Hop Research Institute Co. Ltd., Žatec, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Ježek Author-Workplace-Name: Hop Research Institute Co. Ltd., Žatec, Czech Republic Title: The effect of time of cutting on yield and the quality of the hop hybrid varieties Harmonie, Rubín and Agnus Abstract: The influence of mechanized cutting time on the yield and quality of hops was studied for three years (2007, 2008 and 2009) in three Czech hybrid varieties Harmonie, Rubín and Agnus. The cutting term classified as 'early' was carried out at the turn of March and April. Further cutting dates were made at intervals of 7-10 days and they were classified as 'middle' and 'late' ones. Yield and contents of alpha acids were evaluated during the machine harvest. The measured data revealed no statistical relationship between term of cutting, alpha acid content and yield in any of the tested cultivars. However, during the experimental period considerable inter-annual differences were observed, especially in the yield. Average yield in the range of 2.0-2.5 t/ha in the period 2007-2008 decreased to 1.2-1.9 t/ha in 2009 due to downy mildew attack. On the basis of the obtained data it can be recommended to cut the hybrid varieties Harmonie, Rubín and Agnus in the first ten days of April, taking into account other factors such as age and the location of hop garden and current weather conditions. Keywords: hops, hop cutting, term of cutting, yield of hops, quality of hops, alpha acid Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 564-569 Volume: 56 Issue: 12 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/187/2010-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/187/2010-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201012-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:56:y:2010:i:12:id:187-2010-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: D. Egamberdieva Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biotechnology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Soil Sciences, National University of Uzbekistan, Vuzgorodok, Tashkent, Uzbekistan Title: Growth response of wheat cultivars to bacterial inoculation in calcareous soil Abstract: In this study the plant growth-promoting bacteria were analysed for their growth-stimulating effects on two wheat cultivars. The investigations were carried out in pot experiments using calcareous soil. The results showed that bacterial strains Pseudomonas spp. NUU1 and P. fluorescens NUU2 were able to colonize the rhizosphere of both wheat cultivars. Their plant growth-stimulating abilities were affected by wheat cultivars. The bacterial strains Pseudomonas sp. NUU1 and P. fluorescens NUU2 significantly stimulated the shoot and root length and dry weight of wheat cv. Turon, whereas cv. Residence was less affected by bacterial inoculation. The results of our study suggest that inoculation of wheat with Pseudomonas strains can improve plant growth in calcareous soil and it depends upon wheat cultivars. Prior to a selection of good bacterial inoculants, it is recommended to select cultivars that benefit from association with these bacteria. Keywords: Keywords: wheat cultivars, rhizosphere bacteria, root colonisation Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 570-573 Volume: 56 Issue: 12 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/75/2010-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/75/2010-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201012-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:56:y:2010:i:12:id:75-2010-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: T. Lošák Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Hlušek Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: R. Filipčík Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Pospíšilová Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Maňásek Author-Workplace-Name: KWS Osiva, Velké Meziříčí, Czech Republic Author-Name: K. Prokeš Author-Workplace-Name: KWS Osiva, Velké Meziříčí, Czech Republic Author-Name: F. Buňka Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Zlín, Czech Republic Author-Name: S. Kráčmar Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Zlín, Czech Republic Author-Name: A. Martensson Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Natural Resources and Agricultural Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Science Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden Author-Name: F. Orosz Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Technical and Human Sciences, Sapientia - Hungarian University Title: Effect of nitrogen fertilization on metabolisms of essential and non-essential amino acids in field-grown grain maize (Zea mays L.) Abstract: In two-year field experiments, nitrogen (N) in the form of urea (0, 120 and 240 kg N/ha) was applied to grain maize (Zea mays L.) hybrid KWS 2376. The two-year mean content of total grain N at harvest was 1.54%. The highest N dose reduced most of the 17 amino acids (AA) analysed in the grain compared with the other treatments. Possible reasons for this could be an adverse effect on the tricarboxylic acid cycle or deficiency of carbon skeletons for the assimilation of NH4+ into amides and amino acids. The content of the limiting amino acid lysine was not influenced by N fertilisation, with a mean two-year content of 2.02 mg/g DM. Taking into account the differences in fertilisation, the effect of the year was seen in the maximal accumulation of amino acids serine, proline, methionine, threonine, arginine and lysine. Increasing rates of nitrogen reduced the accumulation of asparagine and glycine, and, on the contrary, increased the accumulation of tyrosine. Nitrogen rates have a significant effect on the maximal accumulation of valine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, histidine, cysteine and alanine and appeared as early as after the first increased rate of nitrogen (120 kg N/ha). Keywords: corn, effect conditions year and nutrition, plant uptake, regulation biosynthesis amino acids, aleurone layer in seeds, metallothionen-like proteins, senescence Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 574-579 Volume: 56 Issue: 12 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/288/2010-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/288/2010-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201012-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:56:y:2010:i:12:id:288-2010-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Z. Martínková Author-Workplace-Name: Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: A. Honěk Author-Workplace-Name: Facultyof Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Effect of desiccation temperature on viability of immature dandelion (Taraxacum agg.) seeds dried in mowed inflorescences Abstract: After flowering has ceased, dandelion (Taraxacum agg.) capitula close to enable maturation of seeds. In late summer the period of seed maturation lasts for 9 days. The capitula mowed later than 4 days after the start of this period and desiccated at 25°C produce viable seeds. If cut and prostrated on insolated ground inflorescences can experience temperatures exceeding 50°C which may impair seed viability. We determined the effect of desiccation temperature (5, 15, 25, 35, 45 or 55°C) on viability of ripening seeds using inflorescences harvested on September 5, 2008 at Prague-Ruzyne (50°05'N, 14°18'09 E), five days after flowering ceased (about 4 days before seed dispersal). As control, ripe seeds were collected at dispersal on the same day and desiccated at identical temperatures. Desiccated seeds were germinated at constant 17°C. Ripening seeds of maturing capitula only remained germinable if desiccation temperatures were ≤ 35°C (optimum 25°C) and were killed at 45 and 55°C. The viability of ripe seed was not affected by any of the desiccation temperatures. Time of germination of 50% seeds that germinated was significantly shorter in ripe than ripening seeds. Exposure of mowed dandelion inflorescences on insolated ground (solarization) may thus decrease production of viable seeds because of high temperatures experienced during desiccation. Keywords: dandelion, Taraxacum agg., seed, maturation, viability, cutting, temperature, desiccation, solarization Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 580-583 Volume: 56 Issue: 12 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/81/2010-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/81/2010-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201012-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:56:y:2010:i:12:id:81-2010-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: S.J. Ramos Author-Workplace-Name: Robert W. Holley Center for Agriculture and Health, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA Author-Workplace-Name: Soil Science Department, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Brazil Author-Name: V. Faquin Author-Workplace-Name: Soil Science Department, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Brazil Author-Name: L.R.G. Guilherme Author-Workplace-Name: Soil Science Department, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Brazil Author-Name: E.M. Castro Author-Workplace-Name: Biology Department, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Brazil Author-Name: F.W. Ávila Author-Workplace-Name: Soil Science Department, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Brazil Author-Name: G.S. Carvalho Author-Workplace-Name: Soil Science Department, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Brazil Author-Name: C.E.A. Bastos Author-Workplace-Name: Soil Science Department, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Brazil Author-Name: C. Oliveira Author-Workplace-Name: Biology Department, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras, Brazil Title: Selenium biofortification and antioxidant activity in lettuce plants fed with selenate and selenite Abstract: Selenium is an important element associated with enhancement of antioxidant activity in plants, microorganisms, animals, and humans. In Brazil, the information on Se in agricultural crops is lacking, though there are indications that low levels of Se are consumed by the population. The experiment was conducted under greenhouse conditions with pots containing 3 l of nutritive solution in a completely randomized factorial design, with seven Se concentrations (0, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, and 64 µmol/l) and two forms of Se (sodium selenate - Na2SeO4 and sodium selenite - Na2SeO3), with six replicates. The application of Se as selenate at low concentrations is more appropriate for lettuce biofortification because it favors shoot biomass growth and Se levels in the shoot biomass. Selenium in both forms had two effects on lettuce plant metabolism: at low doses it acted as an antioxidant and enhanced plant growth, whereas at higher levels it reduced yield. Keywords: selenate, selenite, antioxidant enzymes, biofortification Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 584-588 Volume: 56 Issue: 12 Year: 2010 DOI: 10.17221/113/2010-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/113/2010-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201012-0008.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:56:y:2010:i:12:id:113-2010-PSE