Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: editors Title: Index of volume 57 Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: I-VII Volume: 57 Issue: 12 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/3890-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/3890-PSE.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:57:y:2011:i:12:id:3890-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: G. Qiao Author-Workplace-Name: Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, P.R. China Author-Name: X.P. Wen Author-Workplace-Name: Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, P.R. China Author-Name: L.F. Yu Author-Workplace-Name: School of Forestry Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, P.R. China Author-Name: X.B. Ji Author-Workplace-Name: Guizhou Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, P.R. China Title: The enhancement of drought tolerance for pigeon pea inoculated by arbuscular mycorrhizae fungi Abstract: Pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) has been rapidly grown in the drought-striken Karst regions of southwest China. Present research aimed to investigate the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM) on the drought tolerance of pigeon pea, as well as to elucidate the physiological responses of AM-colonized seedlings to the water deficit. As subjected to drought stress, AM symbiosis (AMD) highly led to the positive effects on root system, plant height and stem diameter. AMD demonstrated a remarkably higher chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance. The soluble sugar in AMD was significantly higher than that of the non-AM seedlings (NAMD), indicating the enhanced tolerance at least partially correlated with osmotic solute. Conversely, the proline (Pro) of AMD was lower, revealing the excessive Pro was not imperative for drought tolerance. After 30 days drought stress, AMD gave around a third less lipid peroxides than that of NAMD. Rather, the root activities of AMD were significantly higher than that of the latter after 10 days drought stress. Thereby, AM fungi might substantially elevate the tolerance to drought of pigeon pea, and the cumulative effects contributed to the enhanced tolerance. To date, this has been the first report concerning the enhancement of drought tolerance via AM colonization in this legume species. Keywords: arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, drought stress, osmotic solute, photosynthesis, pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan) Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 541-546 Volume: 57 Issue: 12 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/116/2011-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/116/2011-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201112-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:57:y:2011:i:12:id:116-2011-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: O. Sedlář Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Balík Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: O. Kozlovský Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: L. Peklová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: K. Kubešová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Impact of nitrogen fertilizer injection on grain yield and yield formation of spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Abstract: The experiment was carried out to observe the influence of the CULTAN method (controlled uptake long term ammonium nutrition) on grain yield and yield formation of spring barley cultivar Jersey. In four-year small-plot experiment under conditions of the Czech Republic, two methods of nitrogen fertilization were used: conventional surface fertilization and local fertilizer injection rich in ammonium into soil during vegetation at BBCH 29-30 stages. Furthermore, the impact of sulphur amendment in fertilizer and increased dose of fertilizer were observed. Basic dose of nitrogen was 80 kg N/ha, increased dose 130 kg N/ha. At CULTAN treatment, same or significantly higher grain yields were obtained compared to conventional nitrogen fertilization. Grain yield at CULTAN fertilization is formed mainly on the main stem because of reduced tillering; it has the impact on significantly higher percentage of grain retained on 2.5 mm sieve. A tendency to lower protein content in grain was recorded at local injection of fertilizer compared to conventional fertilization. CULTAN-treated plants showed a lesser dependency of qualitative parameters on fertilizer dose and sulphur amendment in fertilizer. A positive influence of the CULTAN method on yield and quality of grain was observed mainly at the less fertile site. Keywords: ammonium, protein content, thousand grain weight, sulphur, CULTAN Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 547-552 Volume: 57 Issue: 12 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/429/2011-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/429/2011-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201112-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:57:y:2011:i:12:id:429-2011-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Kulhánek Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Černý Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Balík Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: V. Vaněk Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: O. Sedlář Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Influence of the nitrogen-sulfur fertilizing on the content of different sulfur fractions in soil Abstract: Precise field experiments were established at 3 sites with oilseed rape under different soil-climatic conditions in the Czech Republic (Humpolec, Hněvčeves and Uhříněves) in the years 2008-2010. In this experiment, four fertilizing treatments with increasing S rate were evaluated. The contents of bioavailable (SW), adsorbed (Sads), occluded (Socl), and hydroiodic acid (HI) reducible (SHI) sulfur were measured. The contents of the fractions within the studied sites in the samples collected before fertilizers application were comparable. The SW, Sads a Socl contents did not exceed 10 mg S/kg. The SHI contents differed depending on site and year. Fertilizing using S as CaSO4 positively influenced the contents of SW, Sads, and SHI in soil. Sulfur fertilizing had also the positive tendencies to increase the winter rape yields but the differences between studied treatments were not statistically significant. Keywords: N-S fertilizing, bioavailable, adsorbed, occluded and estersulfate bounded sulfur, rape yield Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 553-558 Volume: 57 Issue: 12 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/348/2011-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/348/2011-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201112-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:57:y:2011:i:12:id:348-2011-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: T. Milošević Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Fruit Growing and Viticulture, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Kragujevac, Cacak, Serbia Author-Name: N. Milošević Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Pomology and Fruit Breeding, Fruit Research Institute, Cacak, Serbia Title: Growth, fruit size, yield performance and micronutrient status of plum trees (Prunus domestica L.) Abstract: This study was carried out to determine the growth, fruit size, yield performance and leaf micronutrient status of four Serbian cultivars originated from Fruit Research Institute in Cacak [Čačanska rana (ČRA), Čačanska lepotica (ČLE), Čačanska najbolja (ČNA), Čačanska rodna (ČRO)] and six introduced cultivars [Ruth Gerstetter (RGE), Stanley (STA), Agen (AGE), Opal (OPA), Bluefree (BLU), Violeta (VIO)] grafted on suckers of local plum cultivar Belošljiva with high density under limited soil conditions of Cacak (Western Serbia). The highest trunk cross sectional area (TCSA) was recorded in ČNA and the lowest in ČLE. The higher fruit weight (FW) was registered in ČRA and lower in AGE. The most productive cultivars per tree and hectare were STA and ČRO, respectively. All cultivars showed significant differences regarding leaf micronutrient concentration and deviation to the optimum concentration (DOP). ČRO and AGE showed a wider and best balance in leaf nutritional values, respectively. Keywords: DOP index, HDP system, leaves, microelements, vigour Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 559-564 Volume: 57 Issue: 12 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/470/2011-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/470/2011-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201112-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:57:y:2011:i:12:id:470-2011-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Vaněk Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Economics and Management, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: I. Brožová Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Economics and Management, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Šimek Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Economics and Management, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Jarolímek Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Economics and Management, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: T. Vogeltanzová Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Economics and Management, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: E. Červenková Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Economics and Management, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Organic farms in the Czech Republic - Map portal presentation opportunities Abstract: The paper is aimed at presenting the map portal of organic farms in the Czech Republic. The pilot project is concerned with the South Bohemia Region. Extensive map data and resources are displayed by means of a purpose-developed universal software solution called Regional Development Map Portal (RDMP) version 1.0. The database was generated and updated on the basis of detailed content validation and strives for maximum accuracy of map object location. The software solution - apart from supporting all standard functions - represents qualitatively a brand new perspective of map data creation and entails many original elements and functionalities. Keywords: ecological agriculture, multifunctional agriculture, rural development, Google Maps, map outputs Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 565-570 Volume: 57 Issue: 12 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/466/2011-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/466/2011-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201112-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:57:y:2011:i:12:id:466-2011-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. Yamamoto Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Applied Biochemistry, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan Author-Name: H. Sawada Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Applied Biochemistry, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan Author-Name: I.S. Shim Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Applied Biochemistry, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan Author-Name: K. Usui Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Applied Biochemistry, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan Author-Name: S. Fujihara Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Applied Biochemistry, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan Author-Workplace-Name: ResearchTeam for Soil and Plant Analysis, National Agriculture Research Center (NARC), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan Title: Effect of salt stress on physiological response and leaf polyamine content in NERICA rice seedlings Abstract: NERICA is a new African rice variety, developed by the West African Rice Development Association (WARDA) in 1990s. NERICA rice shows both vigorous growth and tolerance of stressors such as drought and disease. The purpose of this study was to clarify the physiological and biochemical responses to salt stress of NERICA rice seedlings. The degree of growth inhibition caused by salt stress was small in NERICA rice varieties as compared with japonica Nipponbare. Na accumulation in leaf blades was high in salt-sensitive varieties. Accumulation of proline, a known compatible solute, was also induced by salt stress, especially in salt-sensitive varieties; it was thought that this accumulation was brought on salt-stress injury. The contents of polyamines, especially spermidine, were high in the pre-stressed leaf blades of NERICA rice seedlings. After the salt-stress treatment, the polyamine content of leaf blades differed with the degree of salt tolerance of the NERICA rice seedlings. These results suggested that the salt tolerance of NERICA rice seedlings might be associated not only with the regulation of Na absorption and translocation but also with their ability to maintain leaf polyamine levels under salt-stress conditions. Keywords: salt tolerance, chlorophyll fluorescence, Na, proline, spermidine Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 571-576 Volume: 57 Issue: 12 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/413/2011-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/413/2011-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201112-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:57:y:2011:i:12:id:413-2011-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: R. Duffková Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute for Soil and Water Conservation, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: H. Macurová Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute for Soil and Water Conservation, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Soil biological quantity and quality parameters of grasslands in various landscape zones Abstract: In three landscape zones of a permanent grassland catchment (discharge zone, D; transient zone, T; and recharge zone, R; Crystallinicum, Czech Republic), soil moisture by volume (θ) and soil biological quantity and quality parameters, e.g. oxidizable C (Cox), hot water soluble C (Chws), microbial biomass C (Cmic), nitrification (NITR), aerobic N mineralization (MIN) and basal respiration rates (Rbas), metabolic quotient (qCO2: Rbas/Cmic) and microbial quotient (Cmic/Cox) were estimated in the surface soil layer. We found out positive correlation of Cmic and Cmic/Cox with θ, or NITR, MIN, Rbas and Cmic with Chws, but no relationship between θ on the one hand and NITR, MIN, Rbas or Cox on the other. The wettest zone D with extremely low pH displayed the highest Cmic and Cmic/Cox (1081 mg/kg, 5.29%) and the lowest qCO2 (31 µgC/day/mgCmic). Soil drought in zones T and R reduced Cmic and Cmic/Cox (939, 1029, and 3.72, 3.83, respectively) and augmented qCO2 (42; 51). Rainfall following a prolonged dry period reduced MIN and NITR in permeable zone R as a result of fast microbial regeneration (average in D: 2.24; 2.48 kg N/ha/day, T: 2.62; 2.82 kg N/ha/day, R: 1.51; 1.95 kg N/ha/day). Keywords: soil moisture, drought, microbial activity, soil chemical properties, permanent grassland Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 577-582 Volume: 57 Issue: 12 Year: 2011 DOI: 10.17221/475/2011-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/475/2011-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201112-0008.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:57:y:2011:i:12:id:475-2011-PSE