Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: V.M. Ruíz-Valdiviezo Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Soil Ecology, ABACUS, Cinvestav, México Author-Name: L.D. Mendoza-Urbina Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Biotechnology, Technological Institute of Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, México Author-Name: M. Luna-Guido Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Soil Ecology, ABACUS, Cinvestav, México Author-Name: F.A. Gutiérrez-Miceli Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Biotechnology, Technological Institute of Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, México Author-Name: M.R. Cárdenas-Aquino Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Soil Ecology, ABACUS, Cinvestav, México Author-Name: J.A. Montes-Molina Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Biotechnology, Technological Institute of Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas, México Author-Name: L. Dendooven Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory of Soil Ecology, ABACUS, Cinvestav, México Title: Emission of CO2, CH4 and N2O and dynamics of mineral N in soils amended with castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) and piñón (Jatropha curcas L.) seed cake Abstract: Extraction of oils from castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) and Jatropha curcas L. to produce biofuel is set to increase. The produced seed cake could be applied to soil as it is nutrient rich, but might affect soil functioning. Seven soils from Chiapas, México, were amended with seed cake of both plants while CO2, CH4 and N2O emissions and mineral N concentrations were monitored in an aerobic incubation. The concentration of phorbol esters in the J. curcas seed cake (JSC) was 0.993 mg/g while no ricin was detected in the R. communis seed cake (RSC). Application of JSC increased CO2 emission 2.5-times, N2O 12.6-times and CH4 18.4-times compared to the unamended soil, while RSC CO2 emission 2.1-times, N2O 21.3-times and CH4 2.3-times. On average, 66% of the 88 mg organic N added with JSC was mineralized and 83% of the 101 mg organic N of the RSC within 56 days. It was found that J. curcas and castor bean seed cake increased CO2, CH4 and N2O emission and mineral N in soil, without inhibiting soil microbial activity. Keywords: biofuel, decomposition of organic residues, greenhouse gas emissions, soil characteristics Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 51-56 Volume: 59 Issue: 2 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/363/2012-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/363/2012-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201302-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:59:y:2013:i:2:id:363-2012-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Q.H. Zhu Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China Author-Name: D.Y. Huang Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China Author-Name: S.L. Liu Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China Author-Name: Z.C. Luo Author-Workplace-Name: Hunan Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China Author-Name: Z.X. Rao Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China Author-Name: X.L. Cao Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China Author-Name: X.F. Ren Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China Title: Accumulation and subcellular distribution of cadmium in ramie (Boehmeria nivea L. Gaud.) planted on elevated soil cadmium contents Abstract: The tolerance, accumulation and subcellular distribution characteristics of cadmium (Cd) in ramie (Boehmeria nivea L. Gaud.) were investigated using a 2-year field experiment. The results indicated that ramie has a certain extent of tolerance to soil Cd (≤ 20 mg/kg) contamination with no significant decrease in shoot biomass and fibre yield relative to control conditions. Although ramie did not hyperaccumulate Cd, it accumulated considerable amount of Cd in the aboveground parts (approximately 0.19 to 1.09 kg/ha annually). The Cd contents retained in ramie tissues were found in order of roots > stems > leaves. Further, regarding the subcellular distribution of Cd in ramie tissues, 80% of the total Cd was bound to the cell walls of the roots and stems, whereas in leaves the proportion of Cd stored in the cell wall fraction was around 60% and a lesser amount of Cd was stored in the soluble fraction (24.1-25.5%). Our collective results indicated that ramie adapts to Cd stress via the store of a large amount of Cd in cell walls, and suggested potential usefulness of ramie in the phytoremediation of Cd-contaminated farmlands. Keywords: Cd, phytoremediation, cell wall, field experiment Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 57-61 Volume: 59 Issue: 2 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/439/2012-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/439/2012-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201302-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:59:y:2013:i:2:id:439-2012-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: V. Zelinová Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Botany, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic Author-Name: B. Bočová Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Botany, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic Author-Name: J. Huttová Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Botany, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic Author-Name: I. Mistrík Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Botany, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic Author-Name: L. Tamás Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Botany, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic Title: Impact of cadmium and hydrogen peroxide on ascorbate-glutathione recycling enzymes in barley root Abstract: We analyse the effect of Cd and H2O2 short-term treatments on the activity of ascorbate-glutathione recycling enzymes in barley root tip. Even a short transient exposure of barley roots to low 15 µmol Cd concentration caused a marked approximately 70% root growth inhibition. Higher Cd concentrations caused root growth cessation during the first 6 h after short-term Cd treatment. Similarly, a marked root growth inhibition was also detected after the short-term exposure of barley seedlings to H2O2. Our results indicate that root ascorbate pool is more sensitive to Cd treatment than glutathione pool. Rapid activation of dehydroascorbate reductase and monodehydroascorbate reductase is the important component of stress response to the Cd-induced alterations in barley root tips. H2O2 is probably involved in the Cd-induced activation of monodehydroascorbate reductase, but it is not involved in the Cd-induced increase of dehydroascorbate reductase activity. Keywords: dehydroascorbate reductase, glutathione reductase, monodehydroascorbate reductase, root growth inhibition Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 62-67 Volume: 59 Issue: 2 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/517/2012-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/517/2012-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201302-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:59:y:2013:i:2:id:517-2012-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: V. González-Naranjo Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain Author-Workplace-Name: Madrid Institute of Advanced Studies in Water Technologies, Madrid, Spain Author-Name: K. Boltes Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain Author-Workplace-Name: Madrid Institute of Advanced Studies in Water Technologies, Madrid, Spain Author-Name: M. Biel Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain Title: Mobility of ibuprofen, a persistent active drug, in soils irrigated with reclaimed water Abstract: Ibuprofen is not completely removed in wastewater treatment plants, and consequently, it may enter the soil through irrigation with reclaimed water. Subsequently, due to the reversible adsorption which takes place in the soil, this emerging pollutant can become bioavailable for plants. The adsorption reversibility of this anti-inflammatory compound on four agricultural soils was quantified with adsorption-desorption experiments. The adsorption was found to be almost linear, with a minimum nads of 0.76 and a maximum of 1.08. In contrast, desorption was nonlinear, with a ndes which ranged from 0.84 to 2.75. The hysteresis index values were low, ranging from 0.42 to 0.66; hence the process takes place reversibly. In addition, ibuprofen was found to be moderately fixed in the soils studied, with organic carbon distribution coefficient (KOC) values which ranged between 139.75 and 238.17 L/kg. Therefore, we conclude that this pollutant could be bioavailable for soil microorganisms or plants exposed to it and may reach groundwater by leaching. Keywords: adsorption-desorption analgetic substance, pharmaceutical, Freundlich, Langmuir, linear isotherm models Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 68-73 Volume: 59 Issue: 2 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/590/2012-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/590/2012-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201302-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:59:y:2013:i:2:id:590-2012-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: L.H. Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Coastal Bioresources and Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shandong Province, Yantai, P.R. China Author-Name: S.J. Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Fujian Province, Xiamen, P.R. China Author-Name: G.F. Ye Author-Workplace-Name: Fujian Academy of Forestry, Fujian Province, Fuzhou, P.R. China Author-Name: H.B. Shao Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Coastal Bioresources and Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shandong Province, Yantai, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Institute for Life Sciences, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Author-Name: G.H. Lin Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Fujian Province, Xiamen, P.R. China Author-Name: M. Brestic Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Coastal Bioresources and Utilization, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shandong Province, Yantai, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Title: Changes of tannin and nutrients during decomposition of branchlets of Casuarina equisetifolia plantation in subtropical coastal areas of China Abstract: A litterbag experiment was conducted to investigate the changes of tannins and nutrients in branchlets at different decomposition stages of Casuarina equisetifolia in southern subtropical coastal zone, China, using the colorimetric assays. The time required for the loss of half of the initial dry weight (t50) was 9.13 months. Total phenolics (TP), extractable condensed tannins (ECT), protein-bound condensed tannins (PBCT), total condensed tannins (TCT) and protein precipitation capacity (PPC) of branchlets litter decreased rapidly, while fibre-bound condensed tannins (FBCT) increased during decomposition. Nitrogen and phosphorus concentration of the branchlet litter both increased gradually during decay. Negative correlations between TP and nitrogen or phosphorus, as well as TCT and nitrogen or phosphorus were found. These chemical changes enhanced the current knowledge on the potential ecological role of nutrient transformation in tannins in C. equisetifolia plantations. Keywords: total phenolics, condensed tannin, protein precipitation capacity, nitrogen, phosphorus, litter decomposition Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 74-79 Volume: 59 Issue: 2 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/598/2012-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/598/2012-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201302-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:59:y:2013:i:2:id:598-2012-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: X. Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China Author-Name: G. Huang Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China Author-Name: X. Bian Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China Author-Name: Q. Zhao Author-Workplace-Name: Nanjing Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, P.R. China Title: Effects of root interaction and nitrogen fertilization on the chlorophyll content, root activity, photosynthetic characteristics of intercropped soybean and microbial quantity in the rhizosphere Abstract: A pot experiment using root separation technique was conducted to further understand the effect of root interaction played in intercropping system under different nitrogen levels. The results showed that root interaction and increasing nitrogen application increased the green leaf area per plant and chlorophyll content of soybean, but their effects gradually decreased with increasing nitrogen fertilization level. Root interaction and increasing nitrogen application can improve photosynthetic characteristics of soybean, but root interaction only had a significant effect under low nitrogen level. The number of bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes and Azotobacteria was also obviously affected by root interaction and nitrogen fertilization, and the number of Azotobacteria presented a changing trend of first increased and then decreased with increasing nitrogen fertilization level. Root interaction and increasing nitrogen application improved soybean yield and its components, but their effects gradually decreased with increasing nitrogen fertilization level. The root activity of soybean was obviously affected by root interaction, and was significantly positively correlated with green leaf area per plant, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate and economic yield per plant. Our results indicate that the advantage effect of root interaction and increasing nitrogen application will be partially inhibited with an increasing nitrogen fertilization level. Keywords: gas-exchange parameter, nitrogen nutrition, plant pigments, root separation Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 80-88 Volume: 59 Issue: 2 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/613/2012-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/613/2012-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201302-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:59:y:2013:i:2:id:613-2012-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. Sharma Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Physiology, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India Author-Name: D. Shankhdhar Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Physiology, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India Author-Name: S.C. Shankhdhar Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Physiology, College of Basic Sciences and Humanities, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India Title: Enhancing grain iron content of rice by the application of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria Abstract: Rice is inherently low in micronutrients, especially iron, which leads to severe malnutrition problems in rice-consuming populations. Different plant growth promoting rhizobacterial strains (PGPRs) (viz. Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Azospirillum lipoferum from a microbial collection and B 15, B 17, B 19, BN 17 and BN 30 isolated from the rhizospheric soils) were applied to field grown rice plants with an aim to increase the iron content of grains. 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that isolates belong to Enterobacteria species. Different parameters related to the increase in iron content of plants show an enhancement upon treatment of rice plants with PGPRs. Treatments with P. putida, B 17 and B 19 almost doubled the grain iron content. Besides this, the translocation efficiency of the iron from roots to shoots to grains was also enhanced upon treatment with PGPRs. It is therefore concluded that application of PGPR strains is an important strategy to combat the problem of iron deficiency in rice and consecutively in human masses. Keywords: rice grains, PGPRs, iron uptake, iron translocation Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 89-94 Volume: 59 Issue: 2 Year: 2013 DOI: 10.17221/683/2012-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/683/2012-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201302-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:59:y:2013:i:2:id:683-2012-PSE