Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Y.G. Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory of Forest and Soil Ecology, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: College of Environmental Engineering, Shenyang University, Shenyang, P.R. China Author-Name: Y.Y. Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory of Forest and Soil Ecology, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, P.R. China Author-Name: J.P. Cai Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory of Forest and Soil Ecology, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, P.R. China Author-Name: P. Zhu Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural Environment and Resources Research Center, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, P.R. China Author-Name: H.J. Gao Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural Environment and Resources Research Center, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, P.R. China Author-Name: Y. Jiang Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory of Forest and Soil Ecology, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, P.R. China Title: Variation in available micronutrients in black soil after 30-year fertilization treatment Abstract: To assess the effects of long-term fertilization on soil available micronutrients in farmland, this study examined diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) extractable iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), copper (Cu), and zinc (Zn) in surface soil with monoculture of corn (Zea mays L.) with a 30-year filed fertilization experiment established in Northeast China. Treatments included no fertilization (CK); nitrogen only (N); nitrogen and phosphorus only (NP); NP and potassium (NPK); NPK plus cornstalk (SNPK), and NPK plus farmyard manure (MNPK). Results showed that DTPA-Fe and Mn were significantly increased with chemical N application, and DTPA-Cu and Zn were significantly increased with farmyard manure amendment, while micronutrients were not significantly different between treatment SNPK and CK. DTPA-Fe and Mn were about twice to threefold in treatments N, NP, and NPK as much as in treatments SNPK, MNPK and CK. DTPA-Cu and Zn in treatment MNPK were about 3.9 and 6.5 times as much as in CK. DTPA-Fe and Mn decreased with the increasing of soil pH and cation exchange capacity, while DTPA-Cu and Zn increased with the increase of soil organic carbon and electrical conductivity. Keywords: cornstalk, farmyard manure, long-term fertilization, nutrient cycling, soil fertility Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 387-393 Volume: 60 Issue: 9 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/68/2014-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/68/2014-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201409-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:60:y:2014:i:9:id:68-2014-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: I. Sestak Author-Workplace-Name: Department of General Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: M. Mesic Author-Workplace-Name: Department of General Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: Z. Zgorelec Author-Workplace-Name: Department of General Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: I. Kisic Author-Workplace-Name: Department of General Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: F. Basic Author-Workplace-Name: Department of General Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia Title: Winter wheat agronomic traits and nitrate leaching under variable nitrogen fertilization Abstract: In the long-term field trial on an arable dystric Stagnosols, winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain yield, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N) in lysimeter water were compared under treatments of 0, 100, 150, 200, 250 and 300 kg/ha of mineral nitrogen (N) during the growth years 1996/97, 1999/00, 2002/03 and 2005/06. Year properties significantly influenced N availability resulting in different responses of grain yield and NUE under variable treatments. Grain yield showed strong significant correlation with the rainfall accumulated from March to May (r = 0.77). In the case of a dry year 2003, winter wheat yield and NUE were adversely influenced by unfavourable climatic conditions. The optimal response of yield and NUE to increasing mineral N rates was found at the amount of 150-200 kg N/ha. Very strong significant correlation between the total amount of leached NO3--N and NUE was found for periods 1999/00 and 2005/06 where, in terms of increasing N levels, lower NUE conditioned higher NO3--N leaching (r = 0.91 and r = 0.94, respectively). According to the shallow depth of groundwater and installation of drainage systems, there is still a risk of freshwater contamination by nitrates if the N rates higher than 200 kg/ha were applied. Keywords: Stagnosols, climate, water deficit, grain yield, nitrogen use efficiency Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 394-400 Volume: 60 Issue: 9 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/188/2014-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/188/2014-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201409-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:60:y:2014:i:9:id:188-2014-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Y.J. Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China Author-Name: M. Xie Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China Author-Name: C.Y. Li Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China Author-Name: G. Wu Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China Author-Name: D.L. Peng Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China Title: Impacts of the transgenic CrylAc and CpTI insect-resistant cotton SGK321 on selected soil enzyme activities in the rhizosphere Abstract: Transgenic CrylAc and CpTI insect-resistant cotton SGK321 is widely adopted for many years in several regions of China, however the understanding of its potential effects on soil enzyme activities is not studied. The impacts of transgenic cotton SGK321 on dehydrogenase, urease and phosphatase activities in rhizosphere soil were investigated in a two-year field study in Northern China. Rhizosphere soil enzyme activities between transgenic cotton SGK321 and its non-transgenic parental cotton Shiyuan 321 were found to differ at senescence. However compared to the plant growth stages and cotton cultivar, the impacts of the transgenic trait were minor or transient. The principal component analysis also showed no significant or minor difference in the activities of dehydrogenase, urease and phosphatase in the rhizosphere soil of transgenic cotton SGK321 and its counterpart. Our results indicated that the transgenic cotton SGK321 has no apparent impact on dehydrogenase, urease and phosphatase activities in rhizosphere soil. Keywords: toxic proteins, dehydrogenase, urease, phosphatase Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 401-406 Volume: 60 Issue: 9 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/349/2014-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/349/2014-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201409-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:60:y:2014:i:9:id:349-2014-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. Übelhör Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Crop Science - Agronomy, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany Author-Name: S. Gruber Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Crop Science - Agronomy, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany Author-Name: M. Schlayer Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Crop Science - Agronomy, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany Author-Name: W. Claupein Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Crop Science - Agronomy, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany Title: Influence of row covers on soil loss and plant growth in white cabbage cultivation Abstract: Row covers are usually used to protect plants from insects and cold temperatures, and to accelerate plant growth. But they could also serve as an erosion control strategy. For this reason, fleece (FC) and net covers (NC) in white cabbage (Brassica oleracea convar. capitata (L.) Alef. var. capitata L. f. alba) cultivation were tested in a two-year field experiment to determine effects on soil erosion, plant growth and plant diseases. Soil loss under FC was reduced on average by 76% and under NC by 48% compared to the non-covered control treatment (CO). Soil temperature did not differ significantly in either of the experimental years between the treatments and ranged from 17.2-18.2°C in 2012 and from 18.7-18.9°C in 2013. Soil moisture content, air temperature and relative humidity were always highest under FC, followed by NC and CO. Leaf area index was also highest under FC across all sampling dates. The fresh matter head yield under FC and NC was significantly higher (80 t/ha) compared to CO (66 t/ha) in 2012. An opposite result was detected in 2013, with the highest yield in CO (64 t/ha) and lowest under FC (53 t/ha). Overall, for moderate climate conditions, the row covers seem to be beneficial as a suitable erosion control strategy. Keywords: microclimate, soil erosion, agrotextiles, vegetables, artificial rainfall experiment Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 407-412 Volume: 60 Issue: 9 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/407/2014-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/407/2014-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201409-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:60:y:2014:i:9:id:407-2014-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: A. Artyszak Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agronomy, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Warsaw, Poland Author-Name: D. Gozdowski Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Experimental Design and Bioinformatics, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Warsaw, Poland Author-Name: K. Kucińska Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agronomy, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Warsaw, Poland Title: The effect of foliar fertilization with marine calcite in sugar beet Abstract: The effect of marine calcite (containing calcium and silicon mainly) foliar fertilization on the sugar beet root yield and technological quality relative to the control (treatment 0) was investigated. Study was conducted in 2011-2012 in the southeastern region of Poland, in Sahryń (50°41'N, 23°46'E). The cultivar of sugar beet was Danuśka KWS. Two treatments of foliar fertilization: (1) treatment (in the stage of 4-6 sugar leaves - 262.0 g Ca/ha, 79.9 g Si/ha, and three weeks later - 524.0 g Ca/ha, 159.8 g Si/ha); and (2) treatment (in the stage of 4-6 sugar leaves - 524.0 gCa/ha, 159.8 g Si/ha, three weeks later - 524.0 g Ca/ha, 159.8 g Si/ha). Calcium and silicon foliar fertilization resulted in increases of: (1) the root yield (average for both treatments about 13.1%; (2) the leaf yield (about 21.0%); (3) the biological sugar yield (about 15.5%), and (4) technological yield of sugar (about 17.7%) compared with the control treatment. At the same time a positive effect on the roots technological quality was found. It was a significant reduction of alpha-amino-nitrogen content and tended to reduce the content of potassium and sodium. Keywords: calcium, root yield, silicon, technological quality of roots, Beta vulgaris Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 413-417 Volume: 60 Issue: 9 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/451/2014-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/451/2014-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201409-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:60:y:2014:i:9:id:451-2014-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: J. Jarolímek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Information Technologies, Faculty of Economics and Management, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Vaněk Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Information Technologies, Faculty of Economics and Management, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Ježek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Game Management and Wildlife Biology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Masner Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Information Technologies, Faculty of Economics and Management, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Stočes Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Information Technologies, Faculty of Economics and Management, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: The telemetric tracking of wild boar as a tool for field crops damage limitation Abstract: The article presents the possibilities of visual and statistical outputs from the telemetric tracking of game: activity data, heat map, home regions, movement routes and the points of occurrence. Nowadays the methods of the telemetric tracking of game are also used for finding the best ways to eliminate damage caused by wild boar generally, and field crops damage specifically. From telemetrically gained data it is possible to study the local habits of wild boar and their preference of crops and cultivars in various periods. On the basis of this knowledge it is possible to implement the necessary agrotechnical measures. The pilot processing and verification is run on the portal Zvěř (game) online (http://zver.agris.cz/). Currently there are 11 wild boars marked and tracked. The public part of portal is used for the basic presentation of data; in the non-public part the data of private subjects (agricultural companies and hunting organizations) that are not interested in public presentation are processed in the same way. In this way there is at disposal an integral system of wild boar tracking: capturing, marking, data collection, processing and presentation. This system can be used by research institutions, farmers and hunters. Keywords: Sus scrofa, GPS, maps, visualization, maize (Zea mays), rape (Brasica napus) Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 418-425 Volume: 60 Issue: 9 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/462/2014-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/462/2014-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201409-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:60:y:2014:i:9:id:462-2014-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: V. Zemanová Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: M. Pavlík Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Experimental Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: D. Pavlíková Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: P. Tlustoš Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: The significance of methionine, histidine and tryptophan in plant responses and adaptation to cadmium stress Abstract: Noccaea caerulescens (NC) and Arabidopsis halleri (AH) were studied to compare cadmiunm (Cd) accumulation and resistance. After 30, 60 and 90 days of plant cultivation in Cd contaminated soil (Cd1 = 30, Cd2 = 60 and Cd3 = 90 mg Cd/kg soil) amino acids were determined in plants. The comparison between both species showed that Cd stress resulted in different changes of amino acids levels playing a significant role in plant adaptation to Cd stress. Our analyses indicated higher accumulations of amino acids in the roots of NC compared to AH. Contrasting responses of plants to Cd contamination were confirmed in methionine metabolism. Methionine was determined only in roots of AH after 30 and 60 days of plant cultivation. Free methionine content decreased with increasing Cd contamination (Cd3 treatment - 40% decrease compared to the control treatment). Our results also showed that NC contains more than 10-fold higher content of histidine than AH. These observations indicated that this amino acid may be involved in Cd resistance and accumulation by reducing oxidative damage. Tryptophan plays a major role in the regulation of plant development and in defense responses. Its significant increase for NC treatments in contrast to AH treatments was determined. Keywords: abiotic stress, amino acids, heavy metals, Thlaspi caerulescens Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 426-432 Volume: 60 Issue: 9 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/544/2014-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/544/2014-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201409-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:60:y:2014:i:9:id:544-2014-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: K. Pazderů Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Hodoval Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Urban Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Pulkrábek Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: V. Pačuta Author-Workplace-Name: Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: J. Adamčík Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: The influence of sweet sorghum crop stand arrangement on biomass and biogas production Abstract: The possibility of sweet sorghum cultivation with different inter-row distances (20, 50, 75 cm) was verified in small scale plots with 3 cultivars (Bovital, Goliath, Sucrosorgho). The maize cv. Atletico (rows 75 cm) was used as a control. The influence of row width and cultivar on fresh and dry biomass, methane and biogas production per area was statistically significant. The methane and biogas production was evaluated in laboratory, via fermentation in Oxi Top Control Merck bottles. Generally, sorghum was more productive than maize. The highest biogas production per hectare was found in case of 25 cm row spacing. Goliath was the most yielding cultivar (in all parameters). The experiment proved possibility to produce biomass from sorghum in narrow rows for biogas stations in the Czech Republic. Keywords: Sorghum bicolor, row width, methane yield, corn Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 433-438 Volume: 60 Issue: 9 Year: 2014 DOI: 10.17221/562/2014-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/562/2014-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201409-0008.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:60:y:2014:i:9:id:562-2014-PSE