Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Y.-C. Lv Author-Workplace-Name: Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, P.R. China Author-Name: G. Xu Author-Workplace-Name: Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, P.R. China Author-Name: J.-N. Sun Author-Workplace-Name: Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, P.R. China Author-Name: M. Brestič Author-Workplace-Name: Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak Agricultural University, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: M. Živčák Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak Agricultural University, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: H.-B. Shao Author-Workplace-Name: Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Agro-biotechnology, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Title: Phosphorus release from the soils in the Yellow River Delta: dynamic factors and implications for eco-restoration Abstract: Root-released organic acids are reported to increase phosphorus (P) availability in the soil. In this study a dynamic study of P release from soil was conducted to get more exact information of the organic acids role in P availability in soil. The results show that organic acids in different concentrations significantly affected P release. In a concentration of 10 mmol/L, no significant differences can be observed among citric acid, malic acid and acetic acid in terms of their effect on the release of soil P. However, when the concentration reduced to 1 mmol/L, both the total release amount and the maximum release amount of soil P significantly declined, and the decline degree were citric acid < malic acid < oxalic acid and acetic acid. When the concentration of organic acids was 0.1 mmol/L no P has been leached in the leaching solution of any of the four types of organic acids. The parabolic diffusion equation showed that organic acids can improve the migration rate of P in the soil, with the following order of citric acid > malic acid > acetic acid > oxalic acid. The higher the concentration of the organic acids was, the higher the migration rate of P would be. Given that the P needed by plants basically migrates by means of diffusion, under the condition of P deficiency of plants, improving the secretion amount of organic acids can effectively increase the biological utilization rate of P. Keywords: macronutrient, dynamic leaching, fertilizer, plant-available Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 339-343 Volume: 61 Issue: 8 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/666/2014-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/666/2014-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201508-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:61:y:2015:i:8:id:666-2014-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Severin Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Science, Georg-August- University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany Author-Name: R. Fuß Author-Workplace-Name: Johann Heinrich von Thünen Institute, Institute of Climate-Smart Agriculture, Author-Name: R. Well Author-Workplace-Name: Johann Heinrich von Thünen Institute, Institute of Climate-Smart Agriculture, Author-Name: F. Garlipp Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Science, Georg-August- University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany Author-Name: H. Van den Weghe Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Science, Georg-August- University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany Title: Soil, slurry and application effects on greenhouse gas emissions Abstract: In conjunction with soil type and climate, the use of nitrogen fertilizers is a major factor affecting nitrous oxide emissions. This study compares injection of pig slurry and pig slurry digestate at 15 or 20 cm depths with trailing-hose application followed by immediate incorporation. The work was based on a laboratory microcosm experiment with undisturbed soil cylinders (0-30 cm depth) from three arable soils (Histosol, Gleysol and Plaggic Anthrosol). Soil cylinders were fertilized with pig slurry and pig slurry digestate (150 kg N/ha) and emissions of N2O, CH4 and CO2 were monitored. The comparison of application techniques over a 37-day period show that soil type and application technique, had a strong (P < 0.001) impact on N2O emissions. Fertilization with pig slurry showed no significantly higher N2O emissions than pig slurry digestate. Fertilizer injection significantly increased N2O emissions compared to fertilization with a trailing-hose with incorporation. Keywords: organic fertilization, manure, injection technique Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 344-351 Volume: 61 Issue: 8 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/21/2015-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/21/2015-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201508-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:61:y:2015:i:8:id:21-2015-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Y.G. Xu Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, P.R. China Author-Name: W.T. Yu Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, P.R. China Author-Name: Q. Ma Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, P.R. China Author-Name: H. Zhou Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, P.R. China Title: Potential risk of cadmium in a soil-plant system as a result of long-term (10 years) pig manure application Abstract: Animal manure may be a primary source of cadmium (Cd) to Chinese farmlands because abnormally high values of Cd were observed in various manures. In this study, we evaluated the potential risk of Cd in soil-plant (maize and soybean) system as a result of the long-term (10 years) application of pig manure (PM). During 10 years, the loading rate of Cd through PM application ranged from 26.33-131.50 g/ha/year, while the crops removal rate of Cd was relatively small in comparison to the quantity of Cd supplied by PM application (1.03-4.36 g/ha/year). The PM application significantly increased total Cd concentration in soil. Although the Cd levels did not exceed the Chinese soil quality criteria (1.0 mg/kg dry matter (DM)), it would only take less than two years to reach this limit at high PM application rate. The same trend was also observed for the Cd concentration in maize and soybean. More seriously, Cd concentration in grain of soybean was higher than the threshold values for animal and human ingestion (0.2 mg/kg DM). Based on a mass balance calculation, we found that atmospheric deposition was also an important source of Cd in the experimental area (10.27 g/ha/year). Moreover, the application of PM enhanced the leaching loss of Cd, but they were still fairly small (0.34-0.73 g/ha/year). Keywords: long-term field experiment, contamination, Glycine max L., Zea mays L., fertilization Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 352-357 Volume: 61 Issue: 8 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/100/2015-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/100/2015-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201508-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:61:y:2015:i:8:id:100-2015-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: K. Gromadzka Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Chemistry, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland Author-Name: A. Waśkiewicz Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Chemistry, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland Author-Name: J. Świetlik Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Water Treatment Technology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland Author-Name: J. Bocianowski Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Mathematical and Statistical Methods, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland Author-Name: P. Goliński Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Chemistry, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland Title: Possible way of zearalenone migration in the agricultural environment Abstract: The aim of this study was to elucidate the zearalenone (ZEA) migration in the agricultural environment, from the field (wheat, corn), through soil and ending in water. All samples were collected in the agricultural area of Western Poland in period between March 2010 and December 2012 (three-year study). Determination of ZEA in environmental samples, after extraction and purification, was carried out with use of high-performance liquid chromatography. The toxin content in water samples was between 0.5 and 4.9 ng/L and increases in the late summer and autumn (after harvest). The results clearly indicate that ZEA concentration in surface waters depends on many factors, of which the most important include weather conditions, the seasons and intensity of rainfall, and it is possibly related to scab severity of cereals and the toxin biosynthesis. Keywords: mycotoxins, water pollution, estrogenic properties, toxicity, Fusarium Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 358-363 Volume: 61 Issue: 8 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/115/2015-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/115/2015-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201508-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:61:y:2015:i:8:id:115-2015-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: D.D. Wei Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiangshan, Beijing, P.R. China Author-Name: D. Cheng Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiangshan, Beijing, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China Author-Name: W.B. Liu Author-Workplace-Name: Huimin Biological Technology Co., Ltd of Inner Mongolia, Alashan, P.R. China Author-Name: T. Liu Author-Workplace-Name: Huimin Biological Technology Co., Ltd of Inner Mongolia, Alashan, P.R. China Author-Name: X.H. Yang Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, P.R. China Author-Name: Y.H. Zheng Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiangshan, Beijing, P.R. China Title: Adequate potassium application enhances salt tolerance of moderate-halophyte Sophora alopecuroides Abstract: A sand-culture experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of exogenous K2CO3 on salt resistance of moderate-halophyte Sophora alopecuroides. Thirty-day-old seedlings of S. alopecuroides were treated by two levels of salinity (0 and 200 mmol/L NaCl) in combination with four levels of K2CO3 (0, 5, 10 and 15 mmol/L). Gas exchange, chlorophyll content, K+/Na+ ratio, relative electrical conductivity (REC) and antioxidant enzymes activities were monitored after 15-day treatments. The results showed that adequate K+ application effectively counteracted the adverse effects of salinity, in which gas exchange, K+/Na+ ratio and chlorophyll content significantly increased, while REC and antioxidant enzymes activities considerably decreased. The results suggest that adequate potassium application may effectively enhance plant photosynthetic capacity and reduce the oxidative stress in the salinity-stressed S. alopecuroides. Keywords: leaf senescence, ascorbate-glutathione cycle, superoxide dismutase, defense against lipid peroxidation Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 364-370 Volume: 61 Issue: 8 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/232/2015-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/232/2015-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201508-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:61:y:2015:i:8:id:232-2015-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Y. Jiang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China Author-Name: Z.H. Zeng Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China Author-Name: Y. Bu Author-Workplace-Name: ChifengAcademy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Chifeng, P.R. China Author-Name: C.Z. Ren Author-Workplace-Name: Baicheng Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Baicheng, P.R. China Author-Name: J.Z. Li Author-Workplace-Name: ChifengAcademy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Chifeng, P.R. China Author-Name: J.J. Han Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China Author-Name: C. Tao Author-Workplace-Name: ChifengAcademy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Chifeng, P.R. China Author-Name: K. Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China Author-Name: X.X. Wang Author-Workplace-Name: ChifengAcademy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Chifeng, P.R. China Author-Name: G.X. Lu Author-Workplace-Name: ChifengAcademy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Chifeng, P.R. China Author-Name: Y.J. Li Author-Workplace-Name: ChifengAcademy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Chifeng, P.R. China Author-Name: Y.G. Hu Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China Title: Effects of selenium fertilizer on grain yield, Se uptake and distribution in common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) Abstract: Selenium (Se) is a significant trace element for human and livestock animals because of its physiological functions. Se in plants, especially in the crop plants, is treated as a critical dietary source. The effects of foliar spray together with soil application of Se on Se uptake, distribution in common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum M.) plants were discussed in this study. The results showed that both foliar spray and soil application of Se increased Se uptake in common buckwheat significantly (P < 0.05). The highest Se content was observed in leaves (113.37-690.75 μg/kg), followed by roots (28.98-283.78 μg/kg), grains (26.49-135.89 μg/kg) and stems (23.19-86.80 μg/kg). Se content in grains had the highest correlation coefficient (0.827 and 0.845) with soil Se application treatments. Grain yield of F1 (5 g Se/ha for foliar spray) was 3.65% and 10.25% higher than that of F0 (0 g Se/ha for foliar spray) in two study years, respectively. Under soil Se application conditions, mean grain yields fluctuated from 2890.5-3058.6 kg/ha, 2966.4-3352.8 kg/ha in 2012/2013, respectively. These results indicated a significant interaction effect of foliar spray Se and soil Se application on Se accumulation in common buckwheat. Appropriate Se application might improve common buckwheat grain yield. Keywords: essential trace element, selenium, field condition, biofortification Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 371-377 Volume: 61 Issue: 8 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/284/2015-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/284/2015-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201508-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:61:y:2015:i:8:id:284-2015-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: S. Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Beibei District, Chongqing, P.R. China Author-Name: L.C. Wang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Beibei District, Chongqing, P.R. China Author-Name: C. Shi Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Beibei District, Chongqing, P.R. China Author-Name: J. Chen Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Beibei District, Chongqing, P.R. China Author-Name: Q. Zhou Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Beibei District, Chongqing, P.R. China Author-Name: Y. Xiong Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture, Ministry of Education, Beibei District, Chongqing, P.R. China Title: Soil respiration in a triple intercropping system under conservation tillage Abstract: Drivers of soil respiration (Rs) in farmland ecosystem have already been widely studied. However, the relationship between Rs and soil fauna (Fs), hydrothermic factor in the triple intercropping system remains poorly known. An LI-6400 XT portable photosynthesis measurement system equipped with a soil respiratory chamber was adopted in the experimental field. Straw mulching treatment increased soil respiration rate but ridge tillage treatment did not have a consistent effect. A regression analysis of the relationship revealed that exponential equation fitted well the relationship between Rs and soil temperature at 10 cm soil depth. However, the relationship between Rs and soil moisture was best confirmed by a parabolic function. The common dominant groups of Fs in wheat, corn, and soybean farmland were Collembola and Acarina, while Diptera emerged in the two rear crops farmlands. Compared to the control, ridge tillage reduced the number of Fs, but straw mulching increased it and improved the index of soil fauna diversity. In conclusion, the higher was the amount of animals being active above soil surface, the stronger was the soil respiration. Keywords: triple cropping in dryland, wheat-maize-soybean, soil hydrothermic factor, soil animals Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 378-384 Volume: 61 Issue: 8 Year: 2015 DOI: 10.17221/370/2015-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/370/2015-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201508-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:61:y:2015:i:8:id:370-2015-PSE