Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: I. Suwara Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agronomy, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland Author-Name: K. Pawlak-Zaręba Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agronomy, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland Author-Name: D. Gozdowski Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Experimental Design and Bioinformatics, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland Author-Name: A. Perzanowska Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agronomy, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland Title: Physical properties of soil after 54 years of long-term fertilization and crop rotation Abstract: The investigations were carried out in two permanent fertilization experiments established in 1955 on the black earth in Chylice, near Warsaw, Mazovian province, Poland. The aim of this study was to compare the impact of long-term mineral (NPK); organic (FM) and mixed mineral-organic (1/2 NPK + 1/2 FM) fertilization in two crop rotations on some soil physical properties, including the soil structure, dry bulk density, soil moisture and field water capacity. The fertilization systems and using red clover in crop rotation significantly influenced soil structure and water conditions. Farmyard manure (FM, 1/2 NPK + 1/2 FM) application in both crop rotations increased mean weight diameter of water-resistant aggregate, water aggregate stability and field water capacity in comparison to unfertilized and mineral treatments. The dry soil bulk density was lower in soil fertilized with farmyard manure than in soil unfertilized. The most favourable effect on physical soil properties exerted farmyard manure (FM, 1/2 NPK + 1/2 FM) in crop rotation with red clover. A positive correlation was also proved between the soil structure parameters and field water capacity. Keywords: nutrients, soil fertility and quality, arable layer, water resistance Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 389-394 Volume: 62 Issue: 9 Year: 2016 DOI: 10.17221/151/2016-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/151/2016-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201609-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:62:y:2016:i:9:id:151-2016-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: R. Łukowiak Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Environmental Biogeochemistry, University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland Author-Name: W. Grzebisz Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Environmental Biogeochemistry, University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland Author-Name: P. Barłóg Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Environmental Biogeochemistry, University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland Title: Magnesium management in the soil-crop system - a crop rotation approach Abstract: Magnesium (Mg) budgeting was conducted on a production farm at Górzno, Poland during the 2004-2007 growing seasons for 15 crop sequences: nine with oil-seed rape (OR) and six with maize grown for grain or silage (SM) as dominant crops. The impact of cropping sequences (CS) on Mg management was evaluated using two methods: soil surface balance, and soil system balance. The Mg yield output ranged from 4.5-17 kg Mg/ha, but including harvest residues from 8.9-22.9 kg Mg/ha. The average quantity of external Mg, required to balance its yield output reached 5.8 kg/ha in the OR-CS and 10.4 kg/ha in the SM-CS. The net Mg input, through mineral fertilizer, farmyard manure, seeds, and precipitation ranged from 1.3-17.3. The negative value of the total gross Mg balance (-10 kgMg/ha) implicitly indicates on its soil pool as the key source for the growing crops. Plants grown in the OR-CS compared to the SM-CS used both external and soil sources of Mg more efficiently. Plants grown in cropping sequences dominated with maize, with higher needs for Mg, showed strong uptake capability in exploitation of soil Mg available pool. Keywords: nutrient, Zea mays, oilseed rape, soil magnesium balance Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 395-401 Volume: 62 Issue: 9 Year: 2016 DOI: 10.17221/390/2016-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/390/2016-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201609-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:62:y:2016:i:9:id:390-2016-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: E. Molnár Author-Workplace-Name: Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary Author-Name: T. Szili-Kovács Author-Workplace-Name: Centre for Agricultural Research of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary Author-Name: I. Villányi Author-Workplace-Name: Centre for Agricultural Research of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary Author-Name: M. Knáb Author-Workplace-Name: Centre for Agricultural Research of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary Author-Name: Á. Bálint Author-Workplace-Name: Sándor Rejtő Faculty of Light Industry and Environmental Protection Engineering, Óbuda University, Budapest, Hungary Author-Name: K. Kristóf Author-Workplace-Name: Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary Author-Name: G. Heltai Author-Workplace-Name: Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary Title: CO2 efflux and microbial activities in undisturbed soil columns in different nitrogen management Abstract: The surface carbon dioxide (CO2) fluxes together with the soil microbial biomass and activity in undisturbed soil columns were studied in three growing seasons. Soil columns had six treatments: (1) control without plants; (2) mineral fertilized without plants; (3) no fertilizer and maize plants; (4) mineral fertilized and maize plants; (5) manure and maize plants; (6) mineral fertilized plus manure and maize plants. Soil microbial biomass was measured by substrate-induced respiration (SIR) and microbial activity as fluorescein-diacetate hydrolysing activity (FDA). Treatments had a significant effect (P < 0.001) on CO2 fluxes, SIR and FDA. The presence of maize increased CO2 efflux, SIR and FDA compared to unplanted column. Fertilizer + manure treatment resulted in the greatest plant biomass and the greatest CO2 efflux. Significant correlation (r = 0.680; r = 0.586 in two consecutive years) between SIR and FDA was found. Keywords: farmyard manure, root respiration, soil carbon budget, soil respiration, soil temperature Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 402-407 Volume: 62 Issue: 9 Year: 2016 DOI: 10.17221/216/2016-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/216/2016-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201609-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:62:y:2016:i:9:id:216-2016-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: M. Kulhánek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Balík Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: J. Černý Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: O. Sedlář Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: F. Vašák Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Evaluating of soil sulfur forms changes under different fertilizing systems during long-term field experiments Abstract: The aim of this work was to evaluate the changes of different soil sulfur forms during long-term field experiments supplied with sewage sludge (SS), farmyard manure (FYM) or mineral fertilizers. The experiment was established at three different sites with the crop rotation of potatoes, wheat and barley. Fertilizing system was based on the same nitrogen dose per the whole crop rotation. Soil samples from the beginning of the experiment (1996) and at the end of each crop rotation were analysed after all three crops harvest. Similar tendencies of changes in water extractable (Sw), adsorbed (Sads), 1 mol/L HCl estimated (SHCL) sulfur and their sum of (∑S) related to the fertilizing systems were observed among all studied sites. A decreasing tendency of ∑S in soil was observed during the experiment (except for the year 2005). The biggest decrease was always visible compared to control treatment. Mineral fertilizers (S added with superphosphate) appeared to be the best source of SHCL. Application of SS increased the Sw content in soil samples after potatoes harvest, whereas a decreasing tendency among the following crops was visible. Contents of other S forms (Sw at control, FYM and mineral fertilizers included) were usually balanced during the crop rotation. Keywords: plant nutrient, fertilization, sulfur fractions, sulfur deficiency, essential element Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 408-415 Volume: 62 Issue: 9 Year: 2016 DOI: 10.17221/236/2016-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/236/2016-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201609-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:62:y:2016:i:9:id:236-2016-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: H.J. Zheng Author-Workplace-Name: Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Prevention, Nanchang, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Jiangxi Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Nanchang, P.R. China Author-Name: J.C. Zuo Author-Workplace-Name: Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Prevention, Nanchang, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Jiangxi Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Nanchang, P.R. China Author-Name: L.Y. Wang Author-Workplace-Name: Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Prevention, Nanchang, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Jiangxi Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Nanchang, P.R. China Author-Name: Y.J. Li Author-Workplace-Name: Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Prevention, Nanchang, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Jiangxi Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Nanchang, P.R. China Author-Name: K.T. Liao Author-Workplace-Name: Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Prevention, Nanchang, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Jiangxi Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Nanchang, P.R. China Title: 15N isotope tracing of nitrogen runoff loss on red soil sloping uplands under simulated rainfall conditions Abstract: Stable isotope 15N tracer technique was used in combination with artificial rainfall simulation to study the influence of interflow and surface-flow on nitrogen (N) migration loss of soil-plant systems on typical red soil sloping uplands. This study also investigated the utilization efficiency of fertilizer N during different peanut plant growth stages. The results indicated that soil N loss was predominantly via interflow and erosive sediment. Fertilizer N loss during the initial growth stage was mainly through surface runoff, while that occurred as interflow increased from less than 5% to around 16% during the middle and late growth stages. The loss of fertilizer N through surface runoff, erosive sediment and interflow accounted for over 18% of the total N application. The utilization rate of fertilizer N by peanut plants was around 45% through its life cycle, and that 70% of N absorbed by this plant derived from the soil. This highlighted the importance of adopting effective methods to reduce nutrient loss through interflow and surface-flow, the need to increase the utilization rate of fertilizers, and the importance to maintain soil fertility at a relatively high level. Keywords: soil erosion, vertical infiltration, leaching loss, nutrients, precipitation Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 416-421 Volume: 62 Issue: 9 Year: 2016 DOI: 10.17221/246/2016-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/246/2016-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201609-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:62:y:2016:i:9:id:246-2016-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: W. Jarecki Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Production, University of Rzeszow, Rzeszow, Poland Author-Name: J. Buczek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Production, University of Rzeszow, Rzeszow, Poland Author-Name: D. Bobrecka-Jamro Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Production, University of Rzeszow, Rzeszow, Poland Title: Response of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) to bacterial soil inoculants and foliar fertilization Abstract: Soybean yields can be considerably improved by inoculation with selected Bradyrhizobium japonicum strains and foliar fertilization. An exact field experiment was carried out in 2012-2014 at the Experimental Station of Cultivar Assessment in Przecław, Poland. The test plant was soybean cv. Aldana. The experimental factors were: bacterial inoculant Nitragina (Bradyrhizobium japonicum); foliar fertilization with Mikrokomplex; combined applications Nitragina + Mikrokomplex and the control treatment. Significant effect of Nitragina on an increase in the number of plants prior to harvest, plant height and the number of pods per plant was indicated. Fertilization with Mikrokomplex caused an increase in the number of pods per plant and thousand seed weight. Nitragina + Mikrokomplex increased the number of plants prior to harvest, plant height, the number of pods per plant and thousand seed weight. Seed yield was significantly higher in all the treatments compared to the control (2.31 t/ha). Higher soil plant analysis development values were found after the application of Nitragina + Mikrokomplex, and in the stage of pod development, also after foliar fertilization with Mikrokomplex. Application of Nitragina and Nitragina + Mikrokomplex resulted in an increase in leaf area index and mean tip angle and total protein in seeds. Fe content in seeds was the lowest in the control (69.2 mg/kg) and significantly higher in the other treatments (Nitragina, Nitragina + Mikrokomplex), and Mg content significantly increased after the application of Mikrokomplex and Nitragina + Mikrokomplex. Keywords: legumes, nutrients, chlorophyll, canopy, chemical composition of seeds Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 422-427 Volume: 62 Issue: 9 Year: 2016 DOI: 10.17221/292/2016-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/292/2016-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201609-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:62:y:2016:i:9:id:292-2016-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: P. Janaki Author-Workplace-Name: Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Tamil Nadu, India Author-Name: C. Nithya Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agronomy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Tamil Nadu, India Author-Name: D. Kalaiyarasi Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agronomy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Tamil Nadu, India Author-Name: N. Sakthivel Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agronomy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Tamil Nadu, India Author-Name: N.K. Prabhakaram Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agronomy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Tamil Nadu, India Author-Name: C. Chinnusamy Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agronomy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Tamil Nadu, India Title: Residue of bensulfuron methyl in soil and rice following its pre- and post-emergence application Abstract: Bensulfuron methyl (BSM) is applied in rice to control a wide range of weeds due to low application rate and high efficiency. A study was conducted to evaluate residues of BSM in soil and rice plant at different doses as pre- and post-emergence application in transplanted rice. The quick easy cheap effective rugged safe (QuEChERS) method was evaluated for BSM residue extraction from different matrices. The limit of detection and limit of quantification was 0.005 and 0.01 µg/g, respectively in soil and rice plant. The average BSM recovery of 91.1, 82.8, 84.5 and 88.7% was obtained from soil, rice straw, grain and husk, respectively. Though, BSM residue was detected (0.011 to 0.017 μg/g) in soil at high dose, it was below maximum residue limit (0.01 μg/g) in rice grain at both the doses of BSM. Hence, the study revealed that the BSM can be safely applied to rice at recommended doses for weed control. Keywords: Oryza sativa L., weed management, herbicide, contamination, persistence Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 428-434 Volume: 62 Issue: 9 Year: 2016 DOI: 10.17221/294/2016-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/294/2016-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201609-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:62:y:2016:i:9:id:294-2016-PSE