Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Vanina Rosa Noemí COSENTINO Author-Workplace-Name: Soils Institute, Natural Resources Research Center, Buenos Aires, Argentina Author-Name: Mariana G. MINERVINI Author-Workplace-Name: National Research Council Scientific and Technical, Caba, Argentina Author-Name: Miguel A. TABOADA Author-Workplace-Name: Soils Institute, Natural Resources Research Center, Buenos Aires, Argentina Author-Workplace-Name: National Research Council Scientific and Technical, Caba, Argentina Title: Influence of stubble quality and degree of soil-stubble contact on N2O emission Abstract: The organic residue position and C/N ratio regulate decomposition rate and, therefore, nitrogen (N) release to the soil. The N2O emission from soil is produced by nitrification and denitrification processes. These processes are affected by the mineral N concentration, water filled pore space (WFPS) and soil temperature. The N2O emission from soils covered by corn and soybean residues has been little studied so far. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the C/N ratio of corn and soybean residues and their contact degree with the soil on soil N2O emissions. A greenhouse experiment was conducted with a completely randomized design and N2O emission was determined using closed chambers. The N2O emissions were affected by the residue position and not by its origin (soybean = corn). Treatments with residue on the surface had the highest N2O emissions at the beginning of the trial, while residue incorporation showed constant values of N2O emission during the experiment. Soil N2O emissions were explained by two controlling variables: the WFPS and the N-NO3- soil concentration. The WFPS separated the emission values of N2O into two groups (threshold value near 77% WFPS). When the WFPS exceeded the threshold value, the emissions of N2O were partially explained by the concentration of N-NO3- soil. Keywords: greenhouse gas, soil matrix, crops Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 289-294 Volume: 63 Issue: 7 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/499/2016-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/499/2016-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201707-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:63:y:2017:i:7:id:499-2016-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Wenchen SONG Author-Workplace-Name: College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, P.R. China Author-Name: Xiaojuan TONG Author-Workplace-Name: College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, P.R. China Author-Name: Jinsong ZHANG Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, P.R. China Author-Name: Ping MENG Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, P.R. China Author-Name: LI Jun Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China Title: Autotrophic and heterotrophic components of soil respiration caused by rhizosphere priming effects in a plantation Abstract: Root-exudate inputs can stimulate the decomposition of soil organic carbon by priming microbial activity, but its ecological significance is still not fully understood. This study evaluated autotrophic respiration and heterotrophic respiration driven by roots using the 13C natural abundance method in a Robinia pseudoacacia plantation. The results showed that the priming effect existed in deep soil of the plantation. The proportions of autotrophic respiration and heterotrophic respiration deriving from priming effect to total soil respiration varied with soil depth. Rhizomicrobial respiration (RMR) accounted for about 15% of the total soil respiration, and the rate of priming decomposition of soil organic matter (PSOM) was only about 5% of the total soil respiration. RMR was significantly positively correlated with PSOM. Heterotrophic respiration derived by the priming effect was too weak to have a positive impact on atmospheric CO2. Keywords: forest ecosystem, nutrient cycling, stable isotope, microorganism, carbon dioxide Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 295-299 Volume: 63 Issue: 7 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/233/2017-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/233/2017-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201707-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:63:y:2017:i:7:id:233-2017-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anna GAŁĄZKA Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agriculture Microbiology, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation - State Research Institute, Pulawy, Poland Author-Name: Karolina GAWRYJOŁEK Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agriculture Microbiology, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation - State Research Institute, Pulawy, Poland Author-Name: Jarosław GRZĄDZIEL Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agriculture Microbiology, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation - State Research Institute, Pulawy, Poland Author-Name: Jerzy KSIĘŻAK Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forage Crop Production, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation - State Research Institute, Pulawy, Poland Title: Effect of different agricultural management practices on soil biological parameters including glomalin fraction Abstract: The aim of the study was to determine the glycoproteins content (total glomalin (TG), easily extractable glomalin (EEG) and soil proteins related to glomalin (GRSP)) in soil under long-term monoculture of maize. Soil microbiological and biochemical properties, including microbial biomass and enzymatic activity were also assessed. The presence of total, easily-extractable glomalin and soil proteins related to glomalin was dependent on both the growth phase of the plant and tillage system. The highest content of glomalin was detected in the soils under maize in direct sowing and reduced tillage. The glomalin content was correlated with soil biological activity. The linear regression was observed between TG and GRSP content, but no linear relationship was found between GRSP and Corg. The principal component analysis showed the strong correlations between the parameters of soil quality and biodiversity indicators. Selected indicators of soil microbial parameters explained 52.27% biological variability in soils. Keywords: Zea mays, fungi, soil glycoproteins, cultivation techniques, soil diversity Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 300-306 Volume: 63 Issue: 7 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/207/2017-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/207/2017-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201707-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:63:y:2017:i:7:id:207-2017-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Zongshuai WANG Author-Workplace-Name: National Technique Innovation Center for Regional Wheat Production, National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P.R. China Author-Name: LI Xiangnan Author-Workplace-Name: Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, P.R. China Author-Name: Xiancan ZHU Author-Workplace-Name: Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, P.R. China Author-Name: Shengqun LIU Author-Workplace-Name: Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, P.R. China Author-Name: Fengbin SONG Author-Workplace-Name: Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, P.R. China Author-Name: Fulai LIU Author-Workplace-Name: University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Science, Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Taastrup, Denmark Author-Name: Yang WANG Author-Workplace-Name: Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, P.R. China Author-Name: QI Xiaoning Author-Workplace-Name: Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, P.R. China Author-Name: Fahong WANG Author-Workplace-Name: Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, P.R. China Author-Name: Zhiyu ZUO Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Agricultural Equipment and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, P.R. China Author-Name: Peizi DUAN Author-Workplace-Name: Quality Supervision Administration of Agricultural Environment and Livestock Products, Hengshui, P.R. China Author-Name: Aizheng YANG Author-Workplace-Name: Northeast Agriculture University, School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Harbin, P.R. China Author-Name: Jian CAI Author-Workplace-Name: National Technique Innovation Center for Regional Wheat Production, National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P.R. China Author-Name: Dong JIANG Author-Workplace-Name: National Technique Innovation Center for Regional Wheat Production, National Engineering and Technology Center for Information Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, P.R. China Title: Salt acclimation induced salt tolerance is enhanced by abscisic acid priming in wheat Abstract: High salt stress significantly depresses carbon assimilation and plant growth in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Salt acclimation can enhance the tolerance of wheat plants to salt stress. Priming with abscisic acid (1 mmol ABA) was applied during the salt acclimation (30 mmol NaCl) process to investigate its effects on the tolerance of wheat to subsequent salt stress (500 mmol NaCl). The results showed that priming with ABA modulated the leaf ABA concentration to maintain better water status in salt acclimated wheat plants. Also, the ABA priming drove the antioxidant systems to protect photosynthetic electron transport in salt acclimated plants against subsequent salt stress, hence improving the carbon assimilation in wheat. It suggested that salt acclimation induced salt tolerance could be improved by abscisic acid priming in wheat. Keywords: soil salinization, gas exchange, chlorophyll a fluorescence, salinity, phytohormone Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 307-314 Volume: 63 Issue: 7 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/287/2017-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/287/2017-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201707-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:63:y:2017:i:7:id:287-2017-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Minh PHUONG LE Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jaromír LACHMAN Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Zora KOTÍKOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Matyáš ORSÁK Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Tereza MICHLOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Petr MARTINEK Author-Workplace-Name: Agrotest Fyto, Ltd., Kroměříž, Czech Republic Title: Selenium in colour-grained winter wheat and spring tritordeum Abstract: Eighteen winter wheat cultivars with different grain colour (purple-, blue-, yellow- and red-grained) and three spring tritordeum yellow-grained cultivars and breeding lines were assessed for grain selenium (Se) content from the crop season 2014/2015 on the experimental field Agrotest fyto, Ltd., Kroměříž (Czech Republic). Se content has shown to be genotype dependent, with the highest contents in control red-grained cv. Bohemia (0.235 mg/kg dry matter (DM)) and yellow-grained cv. Bona Vita (0.229 mg/kg DM), and breeding lines V2 10-16 (blue-grained), KM 53-14 (blue-grained) and V2 15-16 (yellow-grained) winter wheats. In new spring tritordeums, average Se content was comparable (0.039 mg/kg DM) with purple pericarp wheats (0.042 mg/kg DM); in wheats with blue aleurone and yellow endosperm it was higher (0.057 mg/kg DM and 0.069 mg/kg DM). Although in most cultivars the Se contents were not significantly different, statistically significant differences were determined between the cvs. Bohemia and Bona Vita with the highest Se content and breeding line V2 31-16 with the lowest Se content as well as between the cv. Bohemia and breeding line KM 178-14. Grain colour of wheat cultivars and breeding lines affected Se content, so possible wheat genetic resources for use in the breeding process can be assessed. Diversity in certain wheat accessions offers genetic potential for developing cultivars with better ability to accumulate beneficial Se micronutrient in grains. Keywords: cereal, deficiency, antioxidant, Triticum aestivum, × Tritordeum martinii A. Pujadas nothosp. nov Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 315-321 Volume: 63 Issue: 7 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/259/2017-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/259/2017-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201707-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:63:y:2017:i:7:id:259-2017-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Veronika ZEMANOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Instituteof Experimental Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Kateřina BŘENDOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic Author-Name: Daniela PAVLÍKOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic Author-Name: Pavla KUBÁTOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic Author-Name: Pavel TLUSTOŠ Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic Title: Effect of biochar application on the content of nutrients (Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Na, P) and amino acids in subsequently growing spinach and mustard Abstract: The objective of this study was to assess the effect of biochar on growth and metabolism of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) and mustard (Sinapis alba L.) planted in crop rotation: spinach (spring)-mustard-spinach (autumn). The impact of biochar soil application (5% per mass of soil) on the availability of Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Na and P to plants as well as the content of free proline and total amino acids contents were evaluated at degraded Chernozem soil. The results showed that biochar soil addition significantly increased spinach growth by 102% and 353% in spring and autumn, respectively. Biochar limited plant content of Ca, Mg and Na, however K content increased in all plants. Inconsistent effect was determined for Fe and P content in plants biomass. Total content of free amino acids was higher in plants harvested at amended treatments, except autumn spinach. Biochar increased proline content in all plants in comparison to control. The highest increase was obtained in mustard - by 186%. The results showed a more sensitive reaction of mustard to biochar application than spinach. Keywords: carbonaceous amendment, macroelement, plant, stress metabolism Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 322-327 Volume: 63 Issue: 7 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/318/2017-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/318/2017-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201707-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:63:y:2017:i:7:id:318-2017-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kateřina PAZDERŮ Author-Name: Karel HAMOUZ Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Yield and resistance of potato cultivars with colour flesh to potato late blight Abstract: The resistance to potato late blight (as AUDPC - the area under the disease progress curve) and yield were evaluated in precise field experiments with 13 colour-fleshed potato cultivars. Red Emmalie and Blaue Anneliese were the most profitable cultivars of potatoes with coloured flesh, the overall yield did not differ statistically from the control cv. Agria. Cv. Blaue Anneliese resistance to potato late blight was considerably better than both control cultivars, other 2 cultivars HB Red and Red Emmalie were similar to cv. Agria. Surprisingly, cv. Russet Burbank was found to be more resistant than most cultivars tested. A statistically significant weak dependence (r = 0.36) between the percentage of infestation of plants in the T6 evaluation date (6-8 August in individual years) and the yield was detected, the slightly stronger (r = 0.40) was the correlation between AUDPC values and total yields. Keywords: Solanum tuberosum, yellow-, purple- and red-fleshed tubers, Phytophtora infestans Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 328-333 Volume: 63 Issue: 7 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/371/2017-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/371/2017-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201707-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:63:y:2017:i:7:id:371-2017-PSE