Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Marija VILJEVAC VULETIĆ Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural Institute Osijek, Osijek, Croatia Author-Name: Krunoslav DUGALIĆ Author-Workplace-Name: Croatian Centre for Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: Ines MIHALJEVIĆ Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural Institute Osijek, Osijek, Croatia Author-Name: Vesna TOMAŠ Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural Institute Osijek, Osijek, Croatia Author-Name: Dominik VUKOVIĆ Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural Institute Osijek, Osijek, Croatia Author-Name: Zvonimir ZDUNIĆ Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural Institute Osijek, Osijek, Croatia Author-Name: Boris PUŠKAR Author-Workplace-Name: Croatian Centre for Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, Zagreb, Croatia Author-Name: Zorica JURKOVIĆ Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural Institute Osijek, Osijek, Croatia Title: Season, location and cultivar influence on bioactive compounds of sour cherry fruits Abstract: The aim of this study was to determine how different locations, years and cultivars influenced polyphenol and anthocyanin content in fruits of different sour cherry cultivars (Prunus cerasus L.). Fruits of five sour cherry cultivars were harvested in two locations (Osijek and Zadar) over three consecutive years (2010, 2011 and 2012). Factorial ANOVA showed that year and location significantly influenced the accumulation of polyphenols and anthocyanins in sour cherry fruits. 2010 was the best year with 9.89 mg/g of polyphenols and 5.08 mg/g of anthocyanins on average. Although year and location revealed a strong influence, cultivar is the principal source of variation, as it is proved by the polyphenol content in the range from 5.89 to 10.78 mg/g and the anthocyanin content in the range from 3.15 to 4.76 mg/g. Cv. Maraska appears to be the most significant source of bioactive compounds, while cvs. Heimanns Konservenweichel and Rexelle gave very similar but significantly lower contents of polyphenols and anthocyanins than cv. Maraska. Cv. Oblačinska had significantly the lowest contents of investigated bioactive compounds. Keywords: antioxidants, climate conditions, environmental factor, growing season, orchard Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 389-395 Volume: 63 Issue: 9 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/472/2017-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/472/2017-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201709-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:63:y:2017:i:9:id:472-2017-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jian YANG Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China Author-Name: DU Lin Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China Author-Name: Wei GONG Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Collaborative Innovation Centre of Geospatial Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China Author-Name: Jia SUN Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China Author-Name: Shuo SHI Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Collaborative Innovation Centre of Geospatial Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China Author-Name: Biwu CHEN Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China Title: Application of the chlorophyll fluorescence ratio in evaluation of paddy rice nitrogen status Abstract: In this research, laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) technique combined with back-propagation neural network (BPNN) was employed to analyse different nitrogen (N) fertilization levels in paddy rice. Leaf fluorescence characteristics (FLCs) were measured by using the LIF system built in our laboratory and exhibited different FLCs with different nitrogen fertilization levels. The correlation between fluorescence intensity ratios (F685/F460, F735/F460 and F735/F685) and the dose of N fertilization was established and analysed. Then, the BPNN algorithm was utilized to validate that the different N fertilization levels can be classified based on the three FLCs. The overall identification accuracies of 2014 and 2015 were 90% and 92.5%, respectively. Experimental results demonstrated that the three FLCs with the help of multivariate analysis can be served as a helpful tool in the evaluation of paddy rice N fertilization levels. Besides, this study can also provide guidance for the selection of LIF Lidar channels in the following research. Keywords: fluorescence characteristics, remote sensing, nutrient stress, Oryza sativa, machine learning Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 396-401 Volume: 63 Issue: 9 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/460/2017-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/460/2017-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201709-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:63:y:2017:i:9:id:460-2017-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Margita KUKLOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Forest Ecology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Zvolen, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Helena HNILIČKOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: František HNILIČKA Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Ivica PIVKOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Forest Ecology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Zvolen, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Ján KUKLA Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Forest Ecology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Zvolen, Slovak Republic Title: Toxic elements and energy accumulation in topsoil and plants of spruce ecosystems Abstract: The objective of this research was to evaluate trends and relationships of energy and toxic elements accumulation in A-horizon (the depth of 0-5 cm) of soils and in selected plants of the hemioligotrophic (Dystric Cambisols) and oligotrophic (Skeletic-Rustic Podzols) spruce ecosystems situated along transect (750-1110 m a.s.l.) in the NP Slovenský raj (Eastern Slovakia). The results showed that EU limit values of risk elements in agricultural soils were exceeded for Cu and Cd at the altitude of 750-760 m a.s.l., and in case of Cd also above 1000 m a.s.l. Relationship between energy and toxic elements in soils revealed that with an increasing amount of energy, contents of Zn and Cu significantly declined with altitude (r > -0.5 or r > -0.9). The background value of Cu was exceeded in all plants, that of Zn for Dryopteris filix-mas and Rubus idaeus. Furthermore, excessive accumulation of Cd was revealed by all plants. Cu contents in soils were dominant in determining Cu uptake for Vaccinium myrtillus (r > 0.5); Zn and Cd for V. myrtillus (r > 0.6), D. filix-mas (r > 0.5 or r > 0.8) and Fagus sylvatica (r > -0.8 or r > -0.5); Zn also for R. idaeus species (r > 0.4). The soil-plant transfer coefficients higher than 1 hinted R. idaeus on the plots at the altitude of 960 m a.s.l. (Cd 1.1, Cu 1.2, Zn 3.1), which appears as an excellent native indicator of forest ecosystem contamination. Keywords: forest stands, phytomass, toxicity, microelement, calorific value Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 402-408 Volume: 63 Issue: 9 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/364/2017-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/364/2017-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201709-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:63:y:2017:i:9:id:364-2017-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jiří ANDR Author-Name: Martin KOČÁREK Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Miroslav JURSÍK Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Veronika FENDRYCHOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Lukáš TICHÝ Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Effect of adjuvants on the dissipation, efficacy and selectivity of three different pre-emergent sunflower herbicides Abstract: The aim of this work was to compare the efficacy, selectivity to sunflower and dissipation of three pre-emergent herbicides. Flurochloridone, linuron and oxyfluorfen were applied individually and each herbicide was also applied in a tank mix with two different adjuvants (a silicon-based adjuvant and paraffin oil). Small-plot field trials were carried out with sunflower in Central Bohemia in 2012 and 2015. Around 25-35% of the active ingredients in the applied herbicides were detected in soil 60 days after application in both years, except for oxyfluorfen in 2012, whose residual concentration was 60%. The tested soil adjuvants did not affect the dissipation of any of the tested herbicide in soil in either experimental year. Oxyfluorfen exhibited the highest mobility and caused the greatest degree of sunflower injury (18%), especially in the year with high rainfall shortly after application. None of the tested adjuvants significantly affected sunflower injury by any tested herbicide. The efficacy of flurochloridone and linuron on Fallopia convolvulus was strongly affected by weather conditions shortly after application. The efficacy of oxyfluorfen was around 85% and was not affected by weather conditions. The effect of adjuvant on herbicide efficacy was positive only in dry conditions, where the efficacy of flurochloridone on F. convolvulus was positively affected by the silicon-based adjuvant. Keywords: Helianthu annuus, herbicide persistence in soil, weed control, phytotoxicity Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 409-415 Volume: 63 Issue: 9 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/365/2017-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/365/2017-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201709-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:63:y:2017:i:9:id:365-2017-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Weifu PENG Author-Workplace-Name: Ministry of Education and Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, P.R. China Author-Name: Yongjun ZENG Author-Workplace-Name: Ministry of Education and Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, P.R. China Author-Name: Qinghua SHI Author-Workplace-Name: Ministry of Education and Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, P.R. China Author-Name: Shan HUANG Title: Responses of rice yield and the fate of fertilizer nitrogen to soil organic carbon Abstract: Soil organic carbon (SOC) plays a critical role in rice production, but its feedback to the fate of fertilizer nitrogen (N) is not clear. In this study, a pot experiment was conducted to investigate the responses of rice yield and the fate of fertilizer N to different SOC levels using 15N-labelled urea. The results showed that rice biomass, yield and the total N uptake increased significantly with increasing SOC content. Both rice N uptake from soil and urea increased significantly with increasing SOC content. The recovery rate and residual rate of fertilizer N improved significantly with increasing SOC content, leading to a reduced rate of not-specified fertilizer N. Therefore, it was concluded that high SOC could not only improve rice yield and fertilizer N recovery, but also could increase the retention of fertilizer N and decrease the not-specified N in the paddy soil. Keywords: Oryza sativa, isotope tracing, soil fertility, fertilization, flooded rice system, macronutrient Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 416-421 Volume: 63 Issue: 9 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/389/2017-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/389/2017-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201709-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:63:y:2017:i:9:id:389-2017-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Witold GRZEBISZ Author-Workplace-Name: Poznan University Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland Author-Name: Pavel ČERMÁK Author-Workplace-Name: Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Evan RROCO Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural University of Tirana, Tirana, Albania Author-Name: Witold SZCZEPANIAK Author-Workplace-Name: Poznan University Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland Author-Name: Jarosław POTARZYCKI Author-Workplace-Name: Poznan University Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland Author-Name: György FÜLEKY Author-Workplace-Name: Szent István University, Gödöllő, Hungary Title: Potassium impact on nitrogen use efficiency in potato - a case study from the Central-East Europe Abstract: Potato yield is affected by an interaction between nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) supply. This hypothesis was verified in a series of field experiments conducted during 2010-2013 in Albania (AL), Czech Republic (CZ) and Poland (PL). The two-factorial experiment was founded on relative scales of K (0, 50, 100, and 150%), and N application rates (75% and 100%) of the recommended doses, which were country-specific. The average tuber yield was doubled for AL, increased by 50% for PL, and by 15% for the CZ in response to K and N interaction. These differences are caused by an increase in the apparent nitrogen efficiency (ANE), which rose significantly by the progressive Krates. Maximum average ANE of 90 kg tubers/kg N was recorded in AL; it was 2-fold lower in CZ. Top average apparent potassium efficiency (AKE) of 65 kg tubers/kg K was recorded in PL; it was 4-times lower in CZ. The relationships between AKE and ANE clearly demonstrate the tight interaction between the N and K, and its effects on potato yield. However, a sound K application management should be adjusted to the local edaphic and climatic conditions. Keywords: partial factor productivity of N fertilizer, yield gap, Solanum tuberosum L Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 422-427 Volume: 63 Issue: 9 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/344/2017-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/344/2017-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201709-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:63:y:2017:i:9:id:344-2017-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jan KŘEN Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agrosystems and Bioclimatology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Martin HOUŠŤ Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agrosystems and Bioclimatology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Ludvík TVARŮŽEK Author-Workplace-Name: Agrotest Fyto, Ltd., Kroměříž, Czech Republic Author-Name: Zdeněk JERGL Author-Workplace-Name: Agrotest Fyto, Ltd., Kroměříž, Czech Republic Title: Are intensification and winter wheat yield increase efficient? Abstract: The results of small-plot field trials of international comparisons of a series of crop management practices for winter wheat grown during 2014-2016 on fertile soils of Central Moravia were assessed. The objective of the experiments was to obtain the highest gross margin (GM), which is the difference between revenues and direct costs. The analyses showed that an optimal level of inputs and costs for obtaining the highest GM could exist. In the assessed series of crop management practices, the optimum input costs corresponded to 11 000-12 000 CZK/ha and 6-9 input measures. At high levels of grains (above 10 t/ha), higher values of GM were obtained by increased efficiency of inputs, but not by increasing their amount to maximize the yields. This indicates the multifunctional and synergic effects of production factors, which can be used at the so-called ecological intensification. Optimizations of inputs can be obtained rather by crop protection than by crop nutrition, which means rather in protection of high yields than in their maximization. Under field conditions, soil and plant processes affected by weather cannot be controlled. Therefore, optimisation of production factors is based both on scientific findings and practical agronomic experience. That is why a universal crop management practice with increased economic and ecological effects cannot be practically proposed. Keywords: optimisation of crop management, ecological intensification, cost of crop nutrition and protection, grain quality Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 428-434 Volume: 63 Issue: 9 Year: 2017 DOI: 10.17221/482/2017-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/482/2017-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201709-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:63:y:2017:i:9:id:482-2017-PSE