Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Luděk HŘIVNA Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Veronika ZIGMUNDOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Iva BUREŠOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Food Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlín, Zlín, Czech Republic Author-Name: Roman MACO Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Tomáš VYHNÁNEK Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Author-Name: Václav TROJAN Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Agronomy, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Rheological properties of dough and baking quality of products using coloured wheat Abstract: The experiment included testing of rheological properties of dough as well as the baking quality of bread flour and bran obtained by grinding coloured wheat grains with purple pericarp (cultivars Rosso, Konini and PS Karkulka) and blue aleurone (cv. Scorpion). Common wheat cv. Mulan was used for comparison. Formulas containing 10, 15 and 20% of bran were prepared. The addition of bran increased the water loss during baking by an average of 1.28%, specific volume of bread decreased by 2 to 10 mL, and the ratio number decreased from 0.57 to 0.51. The dynamic oscillatory rheometry simulated processes occurring during baking. A higher content of bran increased the complex viscosity of dough. In the initial stages of heating, the increasing presence of bran promoted dough weakening. Starch gelatinization was also influenced by the content of bran. Keywords: Triticum aestivum, grain characteristics, dough rheology, baking experiment, anthocyanins Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 203-208 Volume: 64 Issue: 5 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/62/2018-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/62/2018-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201805-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:64:y:2018:i:5:id:62-2018-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Adam RADKOWSKI Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Grassland Management, Institute of Plant Production, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland Author-Name: Iwona RADKOWSKA Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Cattle Breeding, National Research Institute of Animal Production in Balice, Title: Influence of foliar fertilization with amino acid preparations on morphological traits and seed yield of timothy Abstract: The aim of the study was to determine the influence of amino acid fertilizer on yielding ability, morphological characteristics and chlorophyll index of timothy cv. Owacja grown for seed. The experiment was conducted in 2015-2017 at the Experimental Station in Prusy near Krakow, which belongs to the Institute of Plant Production of the University of Agriculture in Krakow. The field trial was set up as a randomized block design with four replications. The soil in the experimental field was a degraded chernozem formed from loess. The plots were sprayed with three doses of Microfert amino acid fertilizer: 1.8, 3.0 and 4.5 L/ha. The highest application rate of foliar fertilization with amino acids (4.5 L/ha) caused a significant (P ≤ 0.05) increase in seed yield and germination capacity compared with the control plot. Successive years of use also had a significant effect on timothy seed yield, which was the highest during the first year of the study. Morphological characteristics were found to improve (taller and longer inflorescences and leaf blades). Satisfactory results (seed yield higher by about 11% to the control plot) were also obtained on the plots where the fertilizer was applied at the rate of 3.0 L/ha. Keywords: Phleum pratense L., biostimulant, productivity, leaf greenness index, forage grasses Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 209-213 Volume: 64 Issue: 5 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/112/2018-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/112/2018-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201805-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:64:y:2018:i:5:id:112-2018-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Benhua SUN Author-Workplace-Name: College of Natural Resources & Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition & Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China Author-Name: Quanhong CUI Author-Workplace-Name: College of Natural Resources & Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition & Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China Author-Name: Yun GUO Author-Workplace-Name: College of Natural Resources & Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition & Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China Author-Name: Xueyun YANG Author-Workplace-Name: College of Natural Resources & Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition & Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China Author-Name: Shulan ZHANG Author-Workplace-Name: College of Natural Resources & Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition & Agri-environment in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China Author-Name: Mingxia GAO Author-Workplace-Name: College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, P.R. China Author-Name: David W. HOPKINS Author-Workplace-Name: Royal Agricultural University, Cirencester, Gloucestershire, UK Author-Workplace-Name: Scotland?s Rural College, Peter Wilson Building, Edinburgh, UK Title: Soil phosphorus and relationship to phosphorus balance under long-term fertilization Abstract: Temporal changes in the concentrations of plant-available phosphorus (P) in soil (Olsen-P), total soil-P and P activation coefficient (the ratio of Olsen-P to residual-P (i.e. an approximation to total-P)) were measured in plots that received consistent inorganic nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium plus organic fertilizers annually. Maize and winter wheat crops were grown in rotation for 24 years. Olsen-P and P activation coefficient declined significantly in the earlier years (< 12 years) for treatments that did not include any P fertilizer, and increased over the same period for the P-fertilized treatments. The rates of change in the Olsen-P and P activation coefficient values were positively related to P balance. In the later years, the Olsen-P and P activation coefficient plateau values were positively related to the P balance. Keywords: loess soil, phosphorus activation coefficient, wheat-maize rotation Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 214-220 Volume: 64 Issue: 5 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/709/2017-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/709/2017-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201805-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:64:y:2018:i:5:id:709-2017-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: LV Zhenzhen Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Soil Fertilizer and Resource Environment, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, P.R. China Author-Name: Xiumei LIU Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Soil Fertilizer and Resource Environment, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, P.R. China Author-Name: Hongqian HOU Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Soil Fertilizer and Resource Environment, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, P.R. China Author-Name: Yiren LIU Author-Name: JI Jianhua Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Soil Fertilizer and Resource Environment, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, P.R. China Author-Name: Xianjin LAN Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Soil Fertilizer and Resource Environment, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, P.R. China Author-Name: Zhaobin FENG Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Soil Fertilizer and Resource Environment, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, P.R. China Title: Effects of 29-year long-term fertilizer management on soil phosphorus in double-crop rice system Abstract: Rational soil phosphorus (P) management is significant to crop production and environment protection. Little information is available on soil Olsen-P balance and critical values in double-crop rice in China. The main aim of the study was to relate soil Olsen-P to apparent P balance and to determine Olsen-P critical value for early and late rice using data from a 29-year study (1984~2012) at the Jiangxi province. The results showed that Olsen-P decreased by 0.12~0.26 mg/kg/year without P addition and increased by 0.56~2.52 mg/kg/year with P fertilization. Olsen-P decreased by 0.30 mg/kg for CK and NK under an average deficit of 100 kg P/ha, and increased by an average of 9.10 mg/kg in treatments with organic manures and were 4.55 times higher than chemical fertilizers with 100 kg/ha of P surplus. The critical values for early and late rice were 22.70 and 22.67 mg/kg, respectively. The average Olsen-P content is 90.89 mg/kg after 29-year application of chemical fertilizer and manures. Therefore, decreasing the amount of total P input and increasing the compost portion should be recommended to improve food production and protect environment in red paddy soils in south China. Keywords: organic-inorganic fertilizers, agronomic thresholds, evolution, Chinese milk vetch, pig manure Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 221-226 Volume: 64 Issue: 5 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/179/2018-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/179/2018-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201805-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:64:y:2018:i:5:id:179-2018-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Beata MICHALSKA-KLIMCZAK Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agronomy, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Warsaw, Poland Author-Name: Zdzisław WYSZYŃSKI Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agronomy, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Warsaw, Poland Author-Name: Vladimír PAČUTA Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Crop Production, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Marek RAŠOVSKÝ Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Crop Production, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Agnieszka RÓŻAŃSKA Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agronomy, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Warsaw, Poland Title: The effect of seed priming on field emergence and root yield of sugar beet Abstract: The effect of sugar beet seed (primed and non-primed) on field emergence and root yield of sugar beet was examined. The experiment was realized in the years 2012-2014 at an Experiment Field Station of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW Faculty of Agriculture and Biology in Skierniewice (51°97'N, 20°19'E) in Poland. The experimental factor was diversified seed material of the same cultivar of sugar beet - typical seeds, traditionally prepared for sowing (non-primed seeds) and seeds before sowing, subjected to the process of priming. On average for the three years of the study, no significant effect of seed priming on the field emergence was found. On the other hand, the sugar beet emergence on plots with primed seeds was faster, more even and uniform. Seed priming, on average for the three years of the study, significantly increased the mean root mass during harvest. In contrast, priming the seeds did not cause an increase in the final plant density. No significant effect of seed priming on root yield was found, both on average for the studied period and in particular years of the study. Keywords: Beta vulgaris var. altissima, seed quality, germination, root production Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 227-232 Volume: 64 Issue: 5 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/136/2018-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/136/2018-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201805-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:64:y:2018:i:5:id:136-2018-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Daisuke YASUTAKE Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan Author-Name: Gaku YOKOYAMA Author-Workplace-Name: Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan Author-Name: Kyosuke MARUO Author-Workplace-Name: Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan Author-Name: WU Yueru Author-Workplace-Name: Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, P.R. China Author-Name: Weizhen WANG Author-Workplace-Name: Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, P.R. China Author-Name: Makito MORI Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, Kochi University, Nankoku, Kochi, Japan Author-Name: Masaharu KITANO Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan Title: Analysis of leaf wetting effects on gas exchanges of corn using a whole-plant chamber system Abstract: A whole-plant chamber system equipped with a transpiration sap flow meter was developed for measuring the transpiration rate even if leaves are wetted. A preliminary experiment in which dynamics of transpiration rate and/or evaporation rate of wetted and non-wetted plants were measured and compared with each other demonstrated the validity of the measurement system. The system was then used to analyse leaf wetting effects on gas exchange of corn under slight water stress conditions of soil (a volumetric soil water content of 9.7%). Leaf wetting decreased vapour pressure in leaves by decreasing leaf temperature but it increased vapour pressure in the air; therefore, vapour pressure difference between leaves and air, as a driving force of transpiration, was significantly lower in wetted plant. As a result, transpiration rate decreased by 44% and leaf conductance as an index of stomatal aperture was increased by leaf wetting. Such increasing leaf conductance due to leaf wetting increased the photosynthetic rate by 30% and therefore it improved water use efficiency (2.4 times). These results suggest that morning leaf wetting due to night time dew formation may have an advantage in crop production in semi-arid regions. Keywords: dew water, desert ecosystem, photosynthesis, stomatal closure, water stress, Zea mays L Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 233-239 Volume: 64 Issue: 5 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/186/2018-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/186/2018-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201805-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:64:y:2018:i:5:id:186-2018-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Dongmei LANG Author-Workplace-Name: Shengyang Agricultural University, Shengyang, P.R. China Author-Name: Zitan ZHU Author-Workplace-Name: Shengyang Agricultural University, Shengyang, P.R. China Author-Name: Sijun QIN Author-Name: Deguo LYU Title: Root architecture and nitrogen metabolism in roots of apple rootstock respond to exogenous glucose supply in low carbon soil Abstract: To investigate the response of root architecture and nitrogen metabolism of apple rootstock to glucose supply in low-carbon (C) soil, Malus baccata (L.) Borkh. in gravel soil was treated with glucose C equal to the soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC)-C value (G1), five times the soil MBC value (G2), or with no glucose (CK). The roots samples were harvested after treatments for 7, 15 and 30 days. The roots tended to become larger, more dichotomous and showed a larger link branching angle in G1 and G2 than in CK, especially in the G1 treatment for 30 days. Plant height and biomass were increased by G1. Nitrate (NO3--N) and nitrite (NO2--N) contents were increased, but ammonium (NH4+-N) concentration was decreased in the roots treated with G1 and G2 in all treatment periods. Also, the activities and transcript levels of nitrate reductase, glutamine synthetase, glutamate dehydrogenase, glutamate synthase were generally increased in roots treated with glucose, especially under G1. The activities of glutamic oxalacetic transaminases and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase were higher under G1 than under either G2 or CK. Exogenous carbon source that equals to the native MBC effectively regulated the root architecture and supported increasing nitrogen absorption and metabolism in plants growing under carbon-restricted conditions. Keywords: external carbon source, nitrogen uptake and assimilation, root morphology and topology, transcript levels Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 240-246 Volume: 64 Issue: 5 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/15/2018-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/15/2018-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201805-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:64:y:2018:i:5:id:15-2018-PSE