Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Honghui SANG Author-Workplace-Name: College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, P.R. China Author-Name: Xiyun JIAO Author-Workplace-Name: College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, P.R. China Author-Name: Shufang WANG Author-Workplace-Name: College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, P.R. China Author-Name: Weihua GUO Author-Workplace-Name: College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, P.R. China Author-Name: Mohamed Khaled SALAHOU Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, P.R. China Author-Name: Kaihua LIU Author-Workplace-Name: College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing, P.R. China Title: Effects of micro-nano bubble aerated irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer level on tillering, nitrogen uptake and utilization of early rice Abstract: In order to clarify the response characteristics of tillering and nitrogen (N) uptake and utilization under micro-nano bubble aeration irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer level, the nitrogen uptake and utilization characteristics, tillering and yield of early rice under different irrigation methods and nitrogen levels were investigated. The results showed that micro-nano bubble aerated irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer have substantial influence on tillering of early rice, and the effect of N fertilizer was greater than the effect of oxygen. Nitrogen accumulation increased by 6.75-10.79% in micro-nano bubble aerated irrigation treatment compared with the conventional irrigation. The application of N in treatment of micro-nano bubble aerated irrigation and 160 kg N/ha fertilizer used (W1N1) was 90% of the treatment of micro-nano bubble aerated irrigation and 180 kg N/ha fertilizer used (W1N2), while the yield decreased by only 0.31%. The study indicated that the adoption of an appropriate deficit N rate combine with micro-nano bubble aerated irrigation can be an effective means to reduce non-beneficial N consumption, achieve higher crop yield and N utilization efficiency. Keywords: rice yield, tillering stage, N application, spikelets per panicle, yield component Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 297-302 Volume: 64 Issue: 7 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/240/2018-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/240/2018-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201807-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:64:y:2018:i:7:id:240-2018-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Anil ÇAY Title: Impact of different tillage management on soil and grain quality in the Anatolian paddy rice production Abstract: The objective of this study was to examine the impact of conventional tillage (CT) and two different reduced tillage methods (RT1 and RT2) on some soil properties, grain yield and post-harvest grain quality during paddy rice production in the semi-arid Mediterranean conditions for two years. According to the results, soil bulk density was higher in CT with 1.46 and 1.47 g/cm3, respectively for both years. Ntot in RT1 was determined to be higher at a significant level with an average of 0.135%. The lowest soil organic carbon was found in the CT yearly as 2.91% and 2.50%. Penetration resistance did not exceed the limit value of 2-3 MPa in any method that may have impact on plant root growth. RT1 yielded higher results with regard to rice grain yield and provided the highest milling yield for both cultivars and years. There was no statistical difference among dry matter, thousand kernel mass and protein content values of rice grains in terms of cultivars, years and tillage factors. It can be observed in the light of short-term results that the RT1 is a good alternative for CT due to its positive impact on soil characteristics, grain yield and quality. Keywords: rice quality, short-term tillage, paddy fields, puddling, Oryza sativa L Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 303-309 Volume: 64 Issue: 7 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/277/2018-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/277/2018-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201807-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:64:y:2018:i:7:id:277-2018-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Milan MIROSAVLJEVIĆ Author-Workplace-Name: Instituteof Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad, Serbia Author-Name: Vojislava MOMČILOVIĆ Author-Workplace-Name: Instituteof Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad, Serbia Author-Name: Ivana MAKSIMOVIĆ Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia Author-Name: Marina PUTNIK-DELIĆ Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia Author-Name: Novo PRŽULJ Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina Author-Name: Nikola HRISTOV Author-Workplace-Name: Chemical Agrosava, Šimanovci, Serbia Author-Name: Novica MLADENOV Author-Workplace-Name: Instituteof Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad, Serbia Title: Pre-anthesis development of winter wheat and barley and relationships with grain yield Abstract: The aim of this study was to improve understanding of (1) the effect of genotypic and environmental factors on pre-anthesis development and leaf appearance traits of barley and wheat; (2) the relationship of these factors with grain yield, and (3) the differences between these two crops across different environments/sowing dates. Therefore, trials with six two-row winter barley and six winter wheat cultivars were carried out in two successive growing seasons on four sowing dates. Our study showed that the observed traits varied between species, cultivars and sowing dates. In both growing seasons, biomass at anthesis and grain yield declined almost linearly by delaying the sowing date. There was no clear advantage in grain yield of wheat over barley under conditions of later sowing dates. Generally, barley produced more leaf and had shorter phyllochron than wheat. Both wheat and barley showed a similar relationship between grain yield and different pre-anthesis traits. Keywords: Hordeum vulgare, photoperiod regime, sowing condition, planting time, Triticum aestivum Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 310-316 Volume: 64 Issue: 7 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/202/2018-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/202/2018-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201807-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:64:y:2018:i:7:id:202-2018-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Olga ESCUREDO Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Vegetal Biology and Soil Science, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo, Ourense, Spain Author-Name: Ana SEIJO-RODRÍGUEZ Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Vegetal Biology and Soil Science, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo, Ourense, Spain Author-Name: M. Shantal RODRÍGUEZ-FLORES Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Vegetal Biology and Soil Science, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo, Ourense, Spain Author-Name: Montserrat MÍGUEZ Author-Workplace-Name: Department Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo, Ourense, Spain Author-Name: M. Carmen SEIJO Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Vegetal Biology and Soil Science, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo, Ourense, Spain Title: Influence of weather conditions on the physicochemical characteristics of potato tubers Abstract: Physicochemical properties of the tuber as a commercial product differ according to environmental conditions of the area and the growing season. The knowledge about how weather affects these characteristics, allows estimating the correct selection of the cultivars in order to obtain the highest yields or desired physicochemical qualities. In this sense, the effect of the main meteorological factors on the physicochemical characteristics (size, texture, dry matter, soluble solids, phenols, flavonoids, carotenoids and inhibitor concentration (IC50)) of 8 potato cultivars growing in A Limia (North-West Spain) was analysed. The study was conducted during three consecutive years (2014-2016) and the results presented significant differences in the analyzed parameters between years (P < 0.05). Spearman's correlations and principal component analysis showed that the tubers of 2014 (with colder weather conditions) had the highest phenol content and the lowest flavonoids and carotenoids content. Therefore, the temperature positively favoured the flavonoid content and carotenoid content (samples from 2016), although the size of potato tubers was considerably smaller. Keywords: Solanum tuberosum, composition, physical characteristics, antioxidant compounds, climatic conditions Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 317-323 Volume: 64 Issue: 7 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/144/2018-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/144/2018-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201807-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:64:y:2018:i:7:id:144-2018-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tomáš SPITZER Author-Workplace-Name: Agrotest Fyto, Ltd., Kroměříž, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jan BÍLOVSKÝ Author-Workplace-Name: Agrotest Fyto, Ltd., Kroměříž, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jan KAZDA Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Effect of using selected growth regulators to reduce sunflower stand height Abstract: Influence of plant growth regulators chlormequat chloride, chlormequat chloride + ethephon, ethephon, and mepiquat chloride + prohexadione-Ca + pyraclostrobin + ammonium sulphate (BAS67800F + BAS00800D) on decreasing sunflower height was evaluated. It was determined that sunflower height can be reduced by as much as 30 cm. In the case of BAS67800F + ammonium sulphate, there was a slight difference between application at BBCH 31-33 and BBCH 50-51, whereas for ethephon better application time was at BBCH 50-51. For chlormequat chloride, application at BBCH 31-33 was better, but height reduction did not endure until harvest. Flower head diameter shortly before harvest was not affected at any tested regulator. Flowering was delayed primarily at applications at BBCH 50-51. Keywords: Helianthus annuus, shoot growth, phytohormone, shortening, wind damage Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 324-329 Volume: 64 Issue: 7 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/213/2018-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/213/2018-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201807-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:64:y:2018:i:7:id:213-2018-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kashif AKHTAR Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Crop Production Sciences, University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan Author-Name: Weiyu WANG Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China Author-Name: Ahmad KHAN Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Crop Production Sciences, University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan Author-Name: Guangxin REN Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China Author-Name: Muhammad Zahir AFRIDI Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Crop Production Sciences, University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan Author-Name: Yongzhong FENG Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China Author-Name: Gaihe YANG Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China Title: Wheat straw mulching with fertilizer nitrogen: An approach for improving soil water storage and maize crop productivity Abstract: Field studies using wheat straw mulching effects on soil water storage and maize development were conducted in China. The studies contained four treatments during three years (2014-2016): CK (no straw and no nitrogen); N (no straw mulching with 172 kg N/ha); HS + N (half straw mulching at the rate of 2500 kg/ha with 172 kg N/ha), and FS + N (full straw mulching at the rate of 5000 kg/ha with 172 kg N/ha). The FS + N treatment significantly increased soil water storage in a drought period during crop growth stages and promoted plant growth along with increased evapotranspiration. The FS + N treatment increased the soil water storage (26.5, 19.9 and 11.1 mm), grain yield (28.7, 6.93 and 2.4%), and water use efficiency (26.6, 6.64 and 2.40%) compared to CK, N and HS + N, respectively. In conclusion, compared to N, HS + N or FS + N increased the biomass (11 and 19%) and water use efficiency (4 and 5%), respectively, and are considered beneficial in Guanzhong, China. Mulching levels were superior to N and compensated the wheat nitrogen requirements. Thus, further studies with minimum fertilizer nitrogen for an environmentally friendly and effective approach are recommended in semiarid regions of China. Keywords: semi-arid region, Zea mays L., rainfall, soil temperature, crop yield Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 330-337 Volume: 64 Issue: 7 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/96/2018-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/96/2018-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201807-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:64:y:2018:i:7:id:96-2018-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Zhanhui ZHAO Author-Workplace-Name: School of Surveying and Land Information Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: State Experimental Station of Agro-Ecosystem in Fengqiu, State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, P.R. China Author-Name: Congzhi ZHANG Author-Workplace-Name: State Experimental Station of Agro-Ecosystem in Fengqiu, State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, P.R. China Author-Name: Jiabao ZHANG Author-Workplace-Name: State Experimental Station of Agro-Ecosystem in Fengqiu, State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, P.R. China Author-Name: Changhua LIU Author-Workplace-Name: School of Surveying and Land Information Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, P.R. China Author-Name: WU Qicong Author-Workplace-Name: State Experimental Station of Agro-Ecosystem in Fengqiu, State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, P.R. China Title: Fertilizer impacts on soil aggregation and aggregate-associated organic components Abstract: A 5-year (2012-2016) field experiment was conducted to investigate the impacts of different fertilizer treatments (no fertilizer, mineral and organic fertilizer) on organic carbon and soil water-stable aggregates in a North China Plain Vertisol. Compared with no fertilizer (control), single mineral fertilizer did not significantly (P < 0.01) affect organic carbon content or aggregate mass proportion in bulk soil. Small and large macroaggregate mass proportions increased, but applying organic manure significantly decreased the silt + clay fraction and microaggregates. Organic manure amendment significantly enhanced organic carbon concentrations in aggregates (large macroaggregates, > 2000 μm; small macroaggregates, 2000-250 μm; microaggregates, 53-250 μm; and free silt + clay fraction, < 53 μm) and aggregate subfractions, including intraparticulate organic matter and silt + clay subfractions (< 53 μm). Single mineral fertilizer amendment increased organic carbon concentrations in macroaggregates, particularly intraparticulate organic matter. The results indicated that the organic carbon increase in organic manure-amended soil were possibly due to enhanced silt + clay subfractions, which then promoted macroaggregates formation. Applying organic manure could improve organic carbon sequestration and maintain its stability in aggregates, whereas mineral fertilizer only enhanced organic carbon in large macroaggregates, but with low stability. Keywords: soil quality, wet-sieving, residue layer, soil nutrients, soil structure Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 338-343 Volume: 64 Issue: 7 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/195/2018-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/195/2018-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201807-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:64:y:2018:i:7:id:195-2018-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Keke HUA Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Science, Chengdu, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Soil and Fertilizer Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Author-Name: Bo ZHU Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, Chinese Academy of Science, Chengdu, P.R. China Title: Leaching is the dominant route for soil organic carbon lateral transport under crop straw addition on sloping croplands Abstract: Few field data sets are available that systematically measure soil organic carbon (SOC) transport via surface runoff, leaching and soil erosion under crop straw applications. Therefore, organic carbon (C) loss fluxes via the three routes were simultaneously observed from 2010 to 2012 based on a crop straw addition experiment. This study included three treatments: CK (no fertilizer); RSD (crop straw addition) and RSDNPK (crop straw addition combined with mineral fertilizers). As compared with CK treatment, annual dissolved organic C (DOC) loss caused by surface runoff under RSD and RSDNPK treatments decreased significantly (P < 0.05) by 302.8% and 294.2%. Similarly, corresponding organic C loss caused by soil erosion reduced sharply by 638.8% and 1227.3%. In contrast, corresponding annual DOC leaching fluxes increased significantly (P < 0.05) by 133.3% and 109.3%. Overall, the total fluxes of SOC transport under RSD and RSDNPK treatments decreased significantly (P < 0.05) by 132.3% and 184.1% compared with CK treatment (4975.7 ± 1207.8 mg/m2). DOC leaching accounted for 70% and 77% of SOC transport under RSD and RSDNPK treatments. These results clearly show that leaching is the dominant route of SOC lateral transport under crop straw applications. Therefore, reduced DOC leaching is the crucial link to enhance SOC sequestration when crop straw is returned to sloping croplands. Keywords: hydrology route, dissolved organic carbon loss, crop straw returned, fertilization experiment, hillslopes Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 344-351 Volume: 64 Issue: 7 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/139/2018-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/139/2018-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201807-0008.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:64:y:2018:i:7:id:139-2018-PSE