Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Guotao YANG Author-Workplace-Name: Schoolof Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, P.R. China Author-Name: Xuechun WANG Author-Workplace-Name: Schoolof Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, P.R. China Author-Name: Youlin PENG Author-Workplace-Name: Schoolof Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, P.R. China Author-Name: Fahd RASUL Author-Workplace-Name: Agro-Climatology Lab, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan Author-Workplace-Name: Agweathernet, Washington State University, Prosser, USA Author-Name: Ting ZOU Author-Workplace-Name: Schoolof Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, P.R. China Author-Name: HU Yungao Author-Workplace-Name: Schoolof Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, Sichuan, P.R. China Title: Different micro-climate response of indica rice population to nitrogen fertilizer Abstract: Field experiment was carried out from 2014 to 2016 to clarify the micro-climate response of indica rice population to nitrogen fertilizer. R498, R816 and R499 were used as representatives of drooping panicle, semi-erect panicle and erect panicle indica rice, respectively and 3 nitrogen fertilizer levels (N0 - 0 kg N/ha; N1 - 150 kg N/ha; N2 -150 kg/ha) were set for each panicle of indica rice. Results showed that the erect panicle indica rice (R499) improved the environment of temperature, relative humidity and light of rice population under heavy nitrogen fertilizer, and built a healthier micro-climate environment for rice population, especially at the middle position of rice population. Comparing with drooping panicle indica rice (R498), erect panicle indica rice performed better under heavy nitrogen fertilizer, with a higher micro-climate response index to nitrogen fertilizer at middle and lower position in rice population. In comparison of R498, the yield of R499 increased by 0.10-0.11 t/ha under N1 treatment, while it increased by 0.93-0.96 t/ha under N2 treatment; thus, the suggestion for farmers is to plant erect panicle indica rice in heavy fertilizer area or to use more fertilizer in moderate fertilizer area. Keywords: Oryza sativa L., macronutrient, fertilization, microenvironment, canopy, climatic conditions Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 407-412 Volume: 64 Issue: 9 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/422/2018-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/422/2018-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201809-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:64:y:2018:i:9:id:422-2018-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Markéta MAYEROVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: CropResearch Institute, Division of Crop Management Systems, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: Facultyof Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jan MIKULKA Author-Workplace-Name: CropResearch Institute, Division of Crop Management Systems, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Josef SOUKUP Author-Workplace-Name: Facultyof Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Effects of selective herbicide treatment on weed community in cereal crop rotation Abstract: The efficacy of different frequently used selective herbicides and their impact on weed community were assessed in the field experiment with cereal crop rotation in 2013-2016. All herbicide treatments provided effective weed control, but community composition changed after 4 years. The density of many weed species increased on the untreated plots. Annual grasses Apera spica-venti and Alopecurus myosuroides had temporal increase at plots treated with 2,4-d, florasulam and aminopyralid, but decline at plots treated with pyroxsulam and/or chlorsulfuron. Significant treatment effect was confirmed only for Shannon's index (H'), where the highest H' was found in untreated controls (1.83) and the smallest in plots treated with 2,4-d + florasulam + aminopyralid (1.61). The pyroxsulam + florasulam + aminopyralid showed the greatest efficacy on a broad spectrum of weeds while maintaining reasonable species diversity. Keywords: chemical weed management, herbicide efficacy, field trial, weed diversity Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 413-420 Volume: 64 Issue: 9 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/289/2018-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/289/2018-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201809-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:64:y:2018:i:9:id:289-2018-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: LI Jun Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, P.R. China Author-Name: Lixin LIU Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, P.R. China Author-Name: Chunlei ZHANG Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, P.R. China Author-Name: Chang CHEN Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, P.R. China Author-Name: LU Guangyuan Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, P.R. China Author-Name: Junlan XIONG Author-Workplace-Name: Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, P.R. China Author-Name: Hongjun YANG Author-Workplace-Name: College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, P.R. China Title: Effects of crop type on soil microbial properties in the cropland of the Jianghan plain of China Abstract: Soil microbial properties are varied by growing different crops, ultimately reflecting the growth and reproduction of crops. In this study, two types of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L. ZS11 and ZY821) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L. ZM9023) were planted in the Jianghan plain of China. Rhizosphere soil samples were collected three months after sowing. Soil physicochemical properties, enzyme activities and microbial diversity were determined. The results showed that soil available phosphorus significantly increased from 25.57 mg/kg (ZM9023) to 33.20 mg/kg (ZS11) and 35.72 mg/kg (ZY821), respectively. Invertase activity of ZS821 (0.86 mg glucose/g) was significantly lower than in ZS11 (1.04 mg glucose/g). Acid phosphatase activity under planting rapes was significantly higher than that under wheat. Urease activities significantly increased from 40.88 mg NH4+-N/g soil/24 h (NFP) to 49.04 mg NH4+-N/g soil/24 h (FNP) and 51.28 mg NH4+-N/g soil/24 h (ZM9023), 51.60 mg NH4+-N/g soil/24 h (ZY821) and 52.28 mg NH4+-N/g soil/24 h (ZS11), respectively. The ACE (abundance based coverage estimator) and Chao1 indexes of bacteria of ZS11 were lower than ZY821, which were similar to ZM9023. Fertilization increased soil bacterial ACE and Chao1 indexes. However, ACE and Chao1, Shannon and Simpson indexes of soil fungi for ZS11 were significantly higher than in ZY821, which were similar to ZM9023 (except for the Shannon index). Keywords: soil microorganism, microbiota, nutrients, fungal community, microbial ecology Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 421-426 Volume: 64 Issue: 9 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/283/2018-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/283/2018-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201809-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:64:y:2018:i:9:id:283-2018-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jingang LIANG Author-Workplace-Name: Development Center of Science and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, P.R. China Author-Name: Ying LUAN Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, P.R. China Author-Name: Yue JIAO Author-Workplace-Name: Development Center of Science and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, P.R. China Author-Name: Longtao XIN Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, P.R. China Author-Name: Xinyuan SONG Author-Workplace-Name: Agro-biotechnology Research Institute, Jilin Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Changchun, P.R. China Author-Name: Xiaobo ZHENG Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, P.R. China Author-Name: Zhengguang ZHANG Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, P.R. China Title: No significant differences in rhizosphere bacterial communities between Bt maize cultivar IE09S034 and the near-isogenic non-Bt cultivar Zong31 Abstract: The release of genetically modified (GM) crops has potential to alter the bacterial population within rhizosphere. Here, the potential effect of GM maize cv. IE09S034 containing the Cry1Ie toxin gene from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) was investigated under the field conditions. The community composition and the relative abundance of the bacteria in rhizosphere soil were estimated by analysing 16S rRNA PCR amplicons. Our results indicated that Bt maize IE09S034 has no significant effects on the rhizosphere bacterial community. Instead, it was found that factors such as plant growth stage and year have a stronger effect on the bacterial population dynamics. Our findings therefore provide reliable evidence supporting the potential commercial cultivation of the cv. IE09S034. Keywords: Zea mays L., soil microorganisms, 16S rRNA gene sequencing Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 427-434 Volume: 64 Issue: 9 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/260/2018-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/260/2018-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201809-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:64:y:2018:i:9:id:260-2018-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Karel HAMOUZ Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jaromír LACHMAN Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: David BEČKA Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Josef PULKRÁBEK Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Effect of growing conditions and storage on the total anthocyanin content in potatoes with coloured flesh Abstract: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of cultivar, flesh colour, location, year and long-term cold storage on the total anthocyanin content (TAC) in the tubers of 12 potato cultivars with coloured flesh. TAC ranged from 17.0 to 750.1 mg cyanidin/kg fresh matter and was significantly affected by the genotype of the cultivar. The highest TAC was achieved in a three-year average in the cv. Vitelotte (371.0 mg/kg FM, 1.15-8.10 times higher than in the other cultivars). The purple or red colour of the flesh had no significant effect on the TAC. A significantly higher TAC (1.24 times) was determined in the Valečov location with a cooler climate in comparison with the Uhříněves location with a warmer climate. The TAC was significantly influenced by year, the highest values were found at both sites in the year with significant water stress. Storage (4°C, 6 months) significantly affected the TAC in seven out of eight cultivars; the TAC increased in four cultivars and decreased in three cultivars. This is probably due to different disposition of cultivars for the accumulation of sugars during cold storage. Keywords: Solanum tuberosum L., antioxidants, weather conditions, cold sweetening Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 435-440 Volume: 64 Issue: 9 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/384/2018-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/384/2018-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201809-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:64:y:2018:i:9:id:384-2018-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Klaus A. JAROSCH Author-Workplace-Name: Group of Soil Science, Geographical Institute, University Bern, Bern, Switzerland Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Soil and Environment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Author-Name: Jakob SANTNER Author-Workplace-Name: Instituteof Soil Research, Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, Austria Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Crop Sciences, Division of Agronomy, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Tulln, Austria Author-Name: Mohammed Masud PARVAGE Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Soil and Environment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Author-Name: Martin Hubert GERZABEK Author-Workplace-Name: Instituteof Soil Research, Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, Austria Author-Name: Franz ZEHETNER Author-Workplace-Name: Instituteof Soil Research, Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, Austria Author-Name: Holger KIRCHMANN Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Soil and Environment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Title: Four soil phosphorus (P) tests evaluated by plant P uptake and P balancing in the Ultuna long-term field experiment Abstract: Soil phosphorus (P) availability was assessed with four different soil P tests on seven soils of the Ultuna long-term field experiment (Sweden). These four soil P tests were (1) P-H2O (water extractable P); (2) P-H2OC10 (water extractable P upon 10 consecutive extractions); (3) P-AL (ammonium lactate extractable P) and (4) P-CDGT (P desorbable using diffusive gradients in thin films). The suitability of these soil P tests to predict P availability was assessed by correlation with plant P uptake (mean of preceding 11 years) and soil P balancing (input vs. output on plot level for a period of 54 years). The ability to predict these parameters was in the order P-H2OC10 > P-CDGT > P-H2O > P-AL. Thus, methods considering the P-resupply from the soil solid phase to soil solution performed clearly better than equilibrium-based extractions. Our findings suggest that the P-AL test, commonly used for P-fertilizer recommendations in Sweden, could not predict plant P uptake and the soil P balance in a satisfying way in the analysed soils. Keywords: soil testing, macronutrient, phosphorus desorption, nutrition, fertilization, saturation index Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 441-447 Volume: 64 Issue: 9 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/313/2018-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/313/2018-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201809-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:64:y:2018:i:9:id:313-2018-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Chunping ZHANG Author-Workplace-Name: StateKey Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China Author-Name: Decao NIU Author-Workplace-Name: StateKey Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China Author-Name: Yuntao REN Author-Workplace-Name: StateKey Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Urumqi City Agricultural and Pastoral Bureau, Urumqi, P.R. China Author-Name: FU Hua Author-Workplace-Name: StateKey Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China Title: Extractability of nutrients using Mehlich 3 and ammonium bicarbonate-DTPA methods for selected grassland soils of China Abstract: This study aimed to obtain a simple and efficient soil extraction method as an exhaustive and systematic technology guideline for the determination of potentially available phosphorus (P), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn) and zinc (Zn) in various grassland soils covering different regions. In this study, 25 soil samples from 5 different grassland types of China were collected to measure the amounts of potentially available nutrients and to compare the results of Mehlich 3, the ammonium bicarbonate-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (AB-DTPA) and other four methods which are widely used in China (i.e. Olsen, Bray 1, 1 mol/L NH4OAc, CaCl2-DTPA, called conventional methods). The results showed that the amounts of potentially available nutrients extracted by different methods were significantly different. Moreover, a positively significant correlation was obtained between the amounts of potentially available nutrients extracted by conventional methods and those extracted by Mehlich 3 and AB-DTPA. However, for Mg and Mn, the results from AB-DTPA appeared to have a stronger relationship with the results from the conventional method than with the results from Mehlich 3. These differences might be caused by the effect of soil pH. Our results suggested that both Mehlich 3 and AB-DTPA can be effectively used to measure nutrients availability in grassland soils, while the AB-DTPA will be more recommended to measure the amounts of potentially available nutrients in alkaline soils. Keywords: nutrition, soil testing, heavy metals, extractant, multi-element analysis Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 448-454 Volume: 64 Issue: 9 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/315/2018-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/315/2018-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201809-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:64:y:2018:i:9:id:315-2018-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Martin KULHÁNEK Author-Name: Jindřich ČERNÝ Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jiří BALÍK Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Ondřej SEDLÁŘ Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Pavel SURAN Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Potential of Mehlich 3 method for extracting plant available sulfur in the Czech agricultural soils Abstract: Mehlich 3 is an extractant used worldwide for extracting bioavailable nutrients in soils; however, its extraction abilities for sulfur (S) are still not well described. The aim of this preliminary study was to compare the results of Mehlich 3 determined soil S fraction (SM3) with the results of sulfur fractionation, mainly focusing on bioavailable S (Sav - sum of water-extractable (Sw) and adsorbed (Sads) sulfur). Air dried soil samples from commonly used agricultural soils were chosen for the analyses. The following S fractions were determined: (i) Sw; (ii) Sads; (iii) Sav; (iv) 1 mol/L HCl extractable (SHCl); (v) estersulfate (Ses); (vi) organic (Sorg) and (vii) total (Stot). The median value of SM3 (18.3 mg/kg) was similar to Sav (17.9 mg/kg). From the correlation and regression analysis it is clear that SM3 results are in close relationship with Sav form. On the other hand, the relationships between SM3 and organic S (including SHCl) were very weak. Based on the obtained results it can be concluded that Mehlich 3 method has a good potential to determine bioavailable sulfur in commonly used agricultural soils. However, especially the plant response should be further studied to confirm this theory. Keywords: sulfur bioavailability, macronutrient, soil extractant, soil testing, soil tests comparison Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 455-462 Volume: 64 Issue: 9 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/372/2018-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/372/2018-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201809-0008.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:64:y:2018:i:9:id:372-2018-PSE