Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: editors Title: Volume 64, Contents Author Index 2018 Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: I-VIII Volume: 64 Issue: 12 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/11456-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/11456-PSE.html File-Format: text/html Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:64:y:2018:i:12:id:11456-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yanling CHEN Author-Workplace-Name: College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, P.R. China Author-Name: Jintao LIU Author-Workplace-Name: College of Resources and Environment, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shandong, P.R. China Author-Name: Shutang LIU Title: Effect of long-term mineral fertilizer application on soil enzyme activities and bacterial community composition Abstract: Soil bacteria are critical to maintain soil fertility. In this study, soil chemical properties, enzyme activities and soil bacterial community from a long-term fertilizer experiment (37 years) were analysed to elaborate the effects of long-term mineral fertilizer application on soil enzyme activities and bacterial community composition. Compared with control treatment, bacterial community richness was reduced in low nitrogen (N) fertilizer and high N fertilizer treatments and increased in high N fertilizer and phosphorus (P), high N fertilizer and potassium (K) (N2K), and high N fertilizer, P and K (N2PK) treatments. The distribution of each phylum and genera was obviously changed and the range of the dominant phyla was not affected in all fertilization treatments. Principal component analysis showed that soil bacterial community in the N2K treatment was clearly different than in the N2PK treatment. The N2PK treatment had much higher available P, total organic carbon, invertase, urease and phosphatase activities than the N2K treatment, which might change soil bacterial community composition. In conclusion, fertilization with combined application of P, K and N in appropriate proportions is an optimum approach for improving soil quality and soil bacterial community abundance in non-calcareous fluro-aquic soils in the North China Plain. Keywords: soil bacterial diversity, soil ecosystem, taxonomic coverage, 16S rRNA sequencing, macronutrient Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 571-577 Volume: 64 Issue: 12 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/658/2018-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/658/2018-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201812-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:64:y:2018:i:12:id:658-2018-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jiří BALÍK Author-Name: Jindřich ČERNÝ Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Martin KULHÁNEK Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Ondřej SEDLÁŘ Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Soil carbon transformation in long-term field experiments with different fertilization treatments Abstract: Soil carbon transformation was observed in long-term stationary field experiments (longer than 20 years) at two sites with different soil-climatic conditions (Luvisol, Chernozem). The following crops were rotated within the trial: row crops (potatoes or maize)-winter wheat-spring barley. All three crops were grown each year. Four different fertilization treatments were used: (a) no fertilizer (control); (b) sewage sludge (9.383 t dry matter/ha/3 years); (c) farmyard manure (15.818 t dry matter/ha/3 years); (d) mineral NPK fertilization (330 kg N, 90 kg P, 300 kg K/ha/3 years). At the Luvisol site, the control treatment showed a tendency to decrease organic carbon (Corg) in topsoil. At organic fertilization treatments the content of Corg increased: sewage sludge - +15.0% (Luvisol) and +21.8% (Chernozem), farmyard manure - +19.0% (Luvisol) and +15.9% (Chernozem). At the NPK fertilization, the increase was +4.8% (Luvisol) and +4.7% (Chernozem). The increased Corg content was also associated with an increase of microbial biomass carbon (Cmic) and extractable organic carbon (0.01 mol/L CaCl2 and hot water extraction). The ratio of Cmic in Corg was within the range 0.93-1.37%. Keywords: farmyard manure, microbial biomass, organic matter, sewage sludge Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 578-586 Volume: 64 Issue: 12 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/591/2018-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/591/2018-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201812-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:64:y:2018:i:12:id:591-2018-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jan KOUKOLÍČEK Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Crop Production, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Marcel HEROUT Author-Name: Josef PULKRÁBEK Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Crop Production, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Kateřina PAZDERŮ Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Crop Production, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Influence of soil conservation practices on legume crops growth Abstract: In a three-year experiment, three types of soil conservation techniques were tested in the legumes cultivation systems. Our treatment types were no-till, standard tillage to the depth of 8 cm and deep tillage to 20 cm. The study evaluated winter pea (cv. Enduro), spring pea (cv. Eso), white lupine (cv. Amiga), narrow-leaved lupine (cv. Boregine) and soybean (cv. Merlin) in two autumn terms (winter pea only) and in spring term (all legume species). In no-till technology, the average yield of all legumes was 2.24 t/ha. For standard tillage (2.58 t/ha) and deep tillage (2.62 t/ha), yields were significantly higher than in no-till technology. From the monitored parameters, deep tillage appeared as the best soil treatment. Although the yield was similar to standard tillage, the soil was less stiffened, resulting in a higher content of nitrogen in the seed and a better use of the pre-crop value of the legumes. In the experiment, winter pea spring sowing term (2.93 t/ha) was better than both autumn sowings (2.68 t/ha and 2.65 t/ha). Keywords: soil compaction, Pisum sativum L., Lupinus albus L., Glycine max (L.) Merr., agroecological farming Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 587-591 Volume: 64 Issue: 12 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/549/2018-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/549/2018-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201812-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:64:y:2018:i:12:id:549-2018-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Agnieszka PSZCZÓŁKOWSKA Author-Name: Adam OKORSKI Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: Jacek OLSZEWSKI Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: Gabriel FORDOŃSKI Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: Sławomir KRZEBIETKE Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland Author-Name: Alina CHAREŃSKA Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland Title: Effects of pre-preceding leguminous crops on yield and chemical composition of winter wheat grain Abstract: The after-effects of pre-preceding crops (second year), i.e. legumes and spring wheat, and nitrogen fertilization rate (0, 60, 120 and 180 kg N/ha) on the yield and chemical composition of winter wheat grain were analysed in a field experiment conducted in 2013-2015. Winter wheat was characterized by higher yield when sown after blue lupine (increase of 0.23 t/ha) and faba beans with a determinate growth habit (increase of 0.37 t/ha) than after spring wheat. Grain yield increased significantly with a rise in nitrogen fertilization rate (by 2.03, 3.47 and 4.02 t/ha, respectively). The species of pre-preceding crops had no significant effect on the phosphorus, potassium, magnesium and calcium content of winter wheat grain. Winter wheat grown after faba beans with an indeterminate growth habit was most abundant in nitrogen. The applied nitrogen fertilizer rates did not modify the concentrations of phosphorus, magnesium and calcium in winter wheat grain. The nitrogen content of grain increased significantly with a rise in nitrogen fertilization rates. A significant increase in manganese and zinc levels was observed when spring wheat was the pre-preceding crop and the iron content of grain increased significantly when winter wheat was grown after peas and blue lupine. Keywords: cereals, Triticum aestivum L., nutrition, Fabaceae Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 592-596 Volume: 64 Issue: 12 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/340/2018-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/340/2018-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201812-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:64:y:2018:i:12:id:340-2018-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Aung Zaw OO Author-Workplace-Name: Institutefor Agro-Environmental Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan Author-Workplace-Name: Natural Science Research Unit, Tokyo Gakugei University, Koganei, Tokyo, Japan Author-Name: Takeru GONAI Author-Workplace-Name: Horticultural Institute, Ibaraki Agricultural Center, Kasama, Ibaraki, Japan Author-Name: Shigeto SUDO Author-Workplace-Name: Institutefor Agro-Environmental Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan Author-Name: Khin Thuzar WIN Author-Workplace-Name: Central Regional Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan Author-Name: Akira SHIBATA Author-Workplace-Name: Ritsumeikan University OIC Research Organization, Ibaraki, Osaka, Japan Title: Surface application of fertilizers and residue biochar on N2O emission from Japanese pear orchard soil Abstract: This study investigated soil N2O emissions following the application of fertilizers and pruning residue biochar on the soil surface of the Japanese pear orchard. Completely randomized design was laid out with four treatments: (1) control (unfertilized); (2) pig manure 300 kg N/ha and ammonium sulfate 200 kg N/ha with no biochar (F + BC0); (3) the same amount of manure and nitrogen (N) fertilizer with 2 t/ha biochar (F + BC2), and (4) with 10 t/ha biochar (F + BC10). The results showed that high N2O fluxes were observed after fertilization. Soil temperature and moisture were major controlling factors for N2O emission from the orchard soil. The lowest cumulative N2O emission (0.46 kg N/ha) was observed in the unfertilized control. Application of manure and N fertilizer significantly increased cumulative N2O emission compared to unfertilized control. Surface application of biochar (1.68 and 1.77 kg N/ha in F + BC2 and F + BC10, respectively) had no effect on soil N2O emission compared to F + BC0 (1.68 kg N/ha). Our results indicated that biochar pyrolyzed from orchard pruning residues can be returned to orchard soil as surface application without affecting soil N2O emissions. Keywords: charcoal, greenhouse gas, no-tilled soil, Pyrus pyrifolia, residue management Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 597-604 Volume: 64 Issue: 12 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/114/2018-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/114/2018-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201812-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:64:y:2018:i:12:id:114-2018-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Karel HAMOUZ Author-Name: David BEČKA Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Ivana CAPOUCHOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Ascorbic acid content in potato tubers with coloured flesh as affected by genotype, environment and storage Abstract: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of genotype, tuber flesh colour, site conditions, year of cultivation and storage on the content of ascorbic acid (AAC) in the tubers of twelve potato cultivars with coloured flesh, compared with the yellow-flesh cv. Agria. AAC ranged from 88.6 to 282.0 mg/kg fresh matter (FM) and it was significantly influenced by genotype. A significantly highest AAC, on a three-year average, was achieved by cv. Rosemarie with red flesh (218.9 mg/kg FM; 1.10-1.84-fold more than the other cultivars). Position number two was achieved by the control cv. Agria (199.4 mg/kg FM). The purple or red colour of the cultivars with coloured flesh did not have a significant effect on the AAC. A significantly higher (1.17 times) AAC was determined at the Uhříněves site with warmer climate and drier weather before the harvest, compared with the other site in Valečov. The AAC was also significantly affected by year of cultivation. Cold storage (4°C, 180 days) resulted in a significant decrease in AAC, which varied in dependence on the genotype of the cultivars (34.6% to 65.1%). However, no link to the colour of the tuber flesh was found. Keywords: Solanum tuberosum L., growing conditions, pigmented fleshed clones, vitamins Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 605-611 Volume: 64 Issue: 12 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/542/2018-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/542/2018-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201812-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:64:y:2018:i:12:id:542-2018-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Feng JIN Author-Workplace-Name: Agronomy College, Jinlin Agricultural University, Changchun, P.R. China Author-Name: Cheng RAN Author-Workplace-Name: Agronomy College, Jinlin Agricultural University, Changchun, P.R. China Author-Name: Qulaqa ANWARI Author-Workplace-Name: Agronomy College, Jinlin Agricultural University, Changchun, P.R. China Author-Name: Yanqiu GENG Author-Workplace-Name: Agronomy College, Jinlin Agricultural University, Changchun, P.R. China Author-Name: Liying GUO Author-Workplace-Name: Agronomy College, Jinlin Agricultural University, Changchun, P.R. China Author-Name: LI Jianbo Author-Workplace-Name: Agronomy College, Jinlin Agricultural University, Changchun, P.R. China Author-Name: Dong HAN Author-Workplace-Name: Agronomy College, Jinlin Agricultural University, Changchun, P.R. China Author-Name: Xianqin ZHANG Author-Workplace-Name: Agronomy College, Jinlin Agricultural University, Changchun, P.R. China Author-Name: Xu LIU Author-Workplace-Name: Agronomy College, Jinlin Agricultural University, Changchun, P.R. China Author-Name: Xiwen SHAO Title: Effects of biochar on sodium ion accumulation, yield and quality of rice in saline-sodic soil of the west of Songnen plain, northeast China Abstract: This study evaluated the effects of biochar application on sodium ion accumulation, yield and quality of rice in saline-sodic soil by using a pot experiment. Rice was grown in the soil with no biochar, 15 g biochar per kilogram soil, 30 g biochar per kilogram soil and 45 g biochar per kilogram soil. The results indicated that biochar application significantly decreased sodium ion accumulation of rice plant parts, while it obviously increased rice dry biomass, grain yield and improved rice quality. The results suggested that biochar application to saline-sodic paddy soil has benefits to reduce stress and promote the increase of rice yield and quality formation in saline-sodic soil. Keywords: charcoal, Oryza sativa L., saline-sodic stress, absorption, physico-chemical parameters Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 612-618 Volume: 64 Issue: 12 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/359/2018-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/359/2018-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201812-0008.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:64:y:2018:i:12:id:359-2018-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Gabriela MÜHLBACHOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Pavel ČERMÁK Author-Workplace-Name: Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Martin KÁŠ Author-Workplace-Name: Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Kateřina MARKOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Radek VAVERA Author-Workplace-Name: Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Miroslava PECHOVÁ Author-Workplace-Name: Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Tomáš LOŠÁK Author-Workplace-Name: Facultyof Regional Development and International Studies, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic Title: Crop yields, boron availability and uptake in relation to phosphorus supply in a field experiment Abstract: The boron (B) availability and uptake were studied in relation to different phosphorus rates applied into soils in a three-year field experiment (2015-2017). The experiment was carried out at the experimental station at Humpolec (Bohemian-Moravian Highlands, Czech Republic). Three rates of phosphorus (20-40-80 kg P/ha) were applied as triple superphosphate. The crop rotation was spring barley-winter oilseed rape-winter wheat. No systematic fertilization with B was used and the response of natural boron soil content to the different phosphorus supply was studied. The crop yields, B content in plants, B-uptake, and content of B (extracted by Mehlich 3 and NH4 acetate methods) were determined. Spring barley and winter wheat B uptake was about one order of magnitude lower in comparison with oilseed rape. Significant differences in B content in soils, in crop tissues and B-uptake, were found mainly under higher phosphorus doses (40 and 80 kg P/ha). NH4 acetate method showed better correlations between P and B contents in soils than Mehlich 3 method from the second experimental year. The P-fertilization may affect negatively the B-uptake by plants, particularly if the highly nutrient demanding crop is grown. Keywords: nutrition, micronutrient, soil testing, boron deficiency, extraction procedure Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 619-625 Volume: 64 Issue: 12 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/490/2018-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/490/2018-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201812-0009.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:64:y:2018:i:12:id:490-2018-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pavel PROCHÁZKA Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Crop Production, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food, and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Přemysl ŠTRANC Author-Workplace-Name: ZEPOR + - Agriculture Consultancy and Forensic Expertise Services, Žatec, Czech Republic Author-Name: Kateřina PAZDERŮ Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Crop Production, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food, and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jan VOSTŘEL Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Crop Production, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food, and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jan ŘEHOŘ Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Crop Production, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food, and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Use of biologically active substances in hops Abstract: In four-year experiments, hop was treated with 7 biologically active substances in two terms during vegetation: Lignohumate max (a mixture of humic acids and fulvic acids), Lexin (a mixture of humic acids and fulvic acids enriched with auxins), Lexenzym (a mixture of humic acids and fulvic acids enriched with auxins, phytohormones and enzymes precursors), Ascophyllum nodosum seaweed extract, synthetic auxin, humic acids and fulvic acids alone. The chlorophyll content was monitored after the application both in the vine leaves and in the branch leaves. After harvesting of the hops from the individual treatments, the yield of dry hops was determined and the cones were analysed for the content of alpha bitter acids. The results show that the most effective hop treatment was the application of Lexin and Lexenzym. The Lexenzym treatment provided a yield of dry hops of 1.86 t/ha, i.e. 0.47 t/ha higher compared with untreated control. The Lexin treatment provided yield higher by 0.41 t/ha of dry hops compared with the untreated control, while the harvested cones contained the most alpha-bitter acids (4.57%). Keywords: Humulus lupulus L., hops production, humic substance, green pigments, quality Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 626-632 Volume: 64 Issue: 12 Year: 2018 DOI: 10.17221/655/2018-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/655/2018-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201812-0010.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:64:y:2018:i:12:id:655-2018-PSE