Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Zhen LIU Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Key Laboratory of Crop Water Physiology and Drought- Tolerance Germplasm Improvement of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, P.R. China Author-Name: Kai SUN Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Key Laboratory of Crop Water Physiology and Drought- Tolerance Germplasm Improvement of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, P.R. China Author-Name: Bin ZHENG Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Key Laboratory of Crop Water Physiology and Drought- Tolerance Germplasm Improvement of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, P.R. China Author-Name: Qingling DONG Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Key Laboratory of Crop Water Physiology and Drought- Tolerance Germplasm Improvement of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, P.R. China Author-Name: LI Geng Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Key Laboratory of Crop Water Physiology and Drought- Tolerance Germplasm Improvement of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, P.R. China Author-Name: Huifang HAN Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Key Laboratory of Crop Water Physiology and Drought- Tolerance Germplasm Improvement of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, P.R. China Author-Name: LI Zengjia Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Key Laboratory of Crop Water Physiology and Drought- Tolerance Germplasm Improvement of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, P.R. China Author-Name: Tangyuan NING Title: Impacts of straw, biogas slurry, manure and mineral fertilizer applications on several biochemical properties and crop yield in a wheat-maize cropping system Abstract: To investigate the effects of different sources of organic matter on soil biochemical properties and crop productivity and to find the best substitute for cow manure in the fields, a field experiment was carried out in a wheat-maize cropping system during 2012-2015. Three types of fertilizer applications, including a mineral fertilizer (CK), straw (S) and biogas slurry (B) were compared with cow manure (M) under an equal dose of nitrogen. In the 0-20 cm soil layer, the soil total nitrogen, microbial biomass nitrogen and carbon content of the M treatment was the highest, and the total organic carbon equivalent ratio of M decreased by 28.60% respectively, relative to S. Compared with CK, S and B, the urease activity equivalent ratio in the M treatment increased by 52, 12 and 21%, and the invertase activity equivalent ratio increased by 21, 20 and 26%, respectively. There were no significant differences in the hydrogen peroxidase activity among the four treatments. The annual crop yield and water use efficiency of the M treatment was significantly higher than other treatments, followed by S, B and CK. Our findings indicated that straw returning was the best substitute for cow manure. Keywords: organic materials incorporation, soil properties, straw management, soil fertility Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 1-8 Volume: 65 Issue: 1 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/467/2018-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/467/2018-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201901-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:65:y:2019:i:1:id:467-2018-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Yansong Xiao Author-Workplace-Name: Chenzhou Tobacco Company of Hunan Province, Chenzhou, Hunan, P.R. China Author-Name: Qiulong Hu Author-Workplace-Name: Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China Author-Name: Hongguang Li Author-Workplace-Name: Chenzhou Tobacco Company of Hunan Province, Chenzhou, Hunan, P.R. China Author-Name: Quan Zhong Author-Workplace-Name: Chenzhou Tobacco Company of Hunan Province, Chenzhou, Hunan, P.R. China Author-Name: Wei-Ai Zeng Author-Workplace-Name: Changsha Tobacco Company of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China Author-Name: Songsong Gu Author-Workplace-Name: Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China Author-Name: Hailin Cai Author-Workplace-Name: Changsha Tobacco Company of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China Author-Name: Lin Tan Author-Workplace-Name: Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China Title: Effect of 2,4,6-trimercaptotriazine, trisodium salt, nonahydrate on heavy metals bioavailability in soils and accumulation in tobacco Abstract: Pot experiments were carried out to study the effects of a novel stabilizer of 2,4,6-trimercaptotriazine, trisodium salt, nonahydrate (TMT) on the bioavailability of heavy metals (Cu, Zn, As, Cd and Pb) in soils and heavy metals accumulation in tobacco. The results showed the optimal TMT dosage 200 mL/kg could effectively reduce the bioavailability of heavy metals in soils, and the bioavailability of Cu, Zn, As, Cd and Pb in soils was reduced simultaneously by up to 73.1, 63.2, 48.0, 68.9 and 57.2%, respectively. Application of TMT could significantly decrease Cu, Zn, As, Cd and Pb contents of all parts of tobacco. Furthermore, the contents of available Cu, Zn, As, Cd and Pb in soils were significantly positively correlated with Cu, Zn, As, Cd and Pb contents in upper, middle and lower leaves and stems of tobacco. There were no significant differences among plant height, number of leaves, stem girth, length and width of maximum leaves of tobacco under TMT treatments and that under control (P < 0.05), which showed that the TMT did not promote and inhibit the growth of tobacco. Keywords: toxic elements, Nicotiana tabacum L., available contents, correlation, agronomic traits Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 9-14 Volume: 65 Issue: 1 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/512/2018-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/512/2018-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201901-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:65:y:2019:i:1:id:512-2018-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Biaojin ZHANG Author-Workplace-Name: Instituteof Quality Safety and Standards of Agricultural Products Research, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, P.R. China Author-Name: Yihua WEI Author-Workplace-Name: Instituteof Quality Safety and Standards of Agricultural Products Research, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, P.R. China Author-Name: Song YAN Author-Workplace-Name: Jiangxi Super-rice Research and Development Center, Nanchang, P.R. China Author-Name: Huaxin SHI Author-Workplace-Name: Hehu Agricultural Technology Promotion Comprehensive Station of Fengcheng City, Yichun, P.R. China Author-Name: Yuanyuan NIE Author-Workplace-Name: Jiangxi Super-rice Research and Development Center, Nanchang, P.R. China Author-Name: Guoxing ZOU Author-Workplace-Name: Rice Research Institute, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, P.R. China Author-Name: Xiangxi ZHANG Author-Workplace-Name: Instituteof Quality Safety and Standards of Agricultural Products Research, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, P.R. China Author-Name: Linguang LUO Author-Workplace-Name: Instituteof Quality Safety and Standards of Agricultural Products Research, Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanchang, P.R. China Title: Characterization of selenium accumulation of different rice genotypes in Chinese natural seleniferous soil Abstract: In this study, the difference of Se content in brown rice of different rice genotypes was evaluated on natural seleniferous soil. Firstly, the Se content of brown rice in 80 rice germplasm resources was determined, which ranged from 0.0249-0.1426 mg/kg, showing obvious differences. Next, two cultivars with a significant difference in Se content in brown rice, i.e., cv. Wuyangeng (high) and cv. IR68144 (low), were used to study the distribution pattern of Se in different organs. Moreover, the physiological mechanism of the Se content diversity in brown rice of the two cultivars was explored preliminarily. The results showed that the Se content of cv. Wuyangeng was 2-3 times higher compared to cv. IR68144. However, the Se contents of cv. IR68144 root and leaf were significantly higher than that of cv. Wuyangeng under both natural soil environment and artificial nutrient solution culture. Cv. IR68144 also had a stronger root Se accumulation coefficient and shoot Se transfer coefficient. Consequently, it can be inferred that the stronger Se transfer ability from stem to grain was the key reason for the higher Se content in brown rice cv. Wuyangeng than in cv. IR68144. Keywords: selenium biofortification, rice cultivar, Oryza sativa L., plant organ, limiting step Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 15-20 Volume: 65 Issue: 1 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/603/2018-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/603/2018-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201901-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:65:y:2019:i:1:id:603-2018-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Vítězslav Krček Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Petr Baranyk Author-Workplace-Name: Union of Rapeseed Growers and Producers, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Václav Brant Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Josef Pulkrábek Author-Workplace-Name: Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Influence of crop management on formation of yield components of winter oilseed rape Abstract: The habitus of oilseed rape and its yield component values can be strongly affected by the structure of its stand. Field experiments took place in Central Bohemia in years 2013-2015 aiming at determining the influence of row-spacing (12.5, 25, 35 and 45 cm) on the yield components. Chosen parameters (the number of plants per unit area, the number of pods per plant, the number of seeds per pod and yield) were evaluated at the monitored stands (30 seeds/m2 sowing rate, cv. DK Exquisite). The study confirmed the statistical significance of the influence of row-spacing on some winter oilseed rape yield components. Widening of the row-spacing has led to a decrease in the number of pods per plant and the number of plants per unit area and an increase in the number of seeds per pod parameter. 1000 seed weight was not affected. This study did not confirm a positive effect of sowing oilseed rape in rows wider than 12.5 cm. Therefore, such an agronomical decision cannot be recommended as a way to achieve higher seed yield. Keywords: Brassica napus L. var. napus, rapeseed, oilseed crop, plant density, intraspecific competition, stand structure Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 21-26 Volume: 65 Issue: 1 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/566/2018-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/566/2018-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201901-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:65:y:2019:i:1:id:566-2018-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Martin Káš Author-Workplace-Name: Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Gabriela Mühlbachová Author-Name: Helena Kusá Author-Workplace-Name: Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Winter wheat yields under different soil-climatic conditions in a long-term field trial Abstract: The impact of precipitations and air temperatures on winter wheat yields was evaluated in a 34-year long- term field trial with mineral and organic fertilization established at two experimental sites with different soil-climatic conditions: Ivanovice na Hané with well fertile soils (degraded Chernozem), higher average year temperatures and lower precipitations; Lukavec situated in Bohemian-Moravian highlands with less fertile soils (Cambisol), lower temperatures and higher precipitations. At both sites, a significant positive effect of used fertilizers was noted from the dose of 80 kg N/ha; the best yields were generally obtained at 120 kg N/ha and 160 kg N/ha. The wheat yields at the Ivanovice site were negatively affected by the decrease of precipitations, namely in more fertilized treatments, particularly farmyard manure + mineral nitrogen, from the dose of 80 kg N/ha. A different trend was obtained at the Lukavec site where better winter wheat yields were obtained under lower precipitations. The air temperatures played a positive role at the Lukavec site, but no significant effect of temperature was observed at the Ivanovice site. The less productive areas in highlands can become more interesting for agriculture production with changing climate. However, the soils generally having lower quality and nutrient content can be a limiting factor for obtaining high yields. Keywords: weather, Triticum aestivum L., climate change, straw, water deficit, drought Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 27-34 Volume: 65 Issue: 1 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/606/2018-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/606/2018-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201901-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:65:y:2019:i:1:id:606-2018-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kai Wei Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, P.R. China Author-Name: Zhenhua Chen Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, P.R. China Author-Name: Xiaoping Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: NortheastInstitute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, P.R. China Author-Name: Lijun Chen Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, P.R. China Title: Phosphorus forms and their distribution under long-term no tillage systems Abstract: Phosphorus (P) stratification in no-tillage (NT) systems has important implications for crop growth and potential P loss, but little is known about P forms and their distribution when mineral P fertilizers are placed to the depth of 5 cm in NT soil. A 10-year field experiment was used to study the effect of NT and mouldboard plough (MP) on soil P forms at three depths (0-5, 5-10 and 10-20 cm) and their relationship with Fe and Al oxides. The results indicated that stratification of organic P forms occurred under NT treatment, and Fe oxides may have a stronger capacity for adsorbing the P forms. When mineral P fertilizers were placed to the depth of 5 cm under NT treatment, there was no significant difference in P forms or crop yield between NT and MP treatment, and orthophosphate did not show any significant difference under NT treatment between 0-5 cm and 5-10 cm depth. Overall, the agricultural management practice that mineral P fertilizers are placed to the depth of 5 cm under NT treatment could result in stratification of P forms, while the changes in the distribution of P forms in soil profiles might help reduce potential P loss in surface runoff and do not make any difference to crop growth. Keywords: nutrient, cMonoester, cDiesters, 31P nuclear magnetic resonance, agriculture Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 35-40 Volume: 65 Issue: 1 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/270/2018-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/270/2018-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201901-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:65:y:2019:i:1:id:270-2018-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Beata Michalska-Klimczak Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Warsaw, Poland Author-Name: Zdzisław Wyszyński Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Warsaw, Poland Author-Name: Vladimír Pačuta Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Crop Production, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Marek Rašovský Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Crop Production, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Joanna Leśniewska Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture and Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW, Warsaw, Poland Title: Impact of sugar beet seed priming on molasses components, sugar content and technological white sugar yield Abstract: The impact of non-treated and primed seeds on molasses components, sugar content and technological white sugar yield of the same cultivar of sugar beet root was investigated. The study was conducted in 2012-2014 at the Experiment Field Station of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW in Skierniewice (51°97'N, 20°19'E) in the central region of Poland. The use of primed seeds resulted in a higher technological white sugar yield with higher sugar content and lower content of α-amino nitrogen in the roots. Also, seed priming increased the technological value of the roots by a lower share in the root yield fractions of the root weight less than 300 g, characterized by lower sugar content and a higher content of α-amino nitrogen. Keywords: Beta vulgaris provar. altissima, seed quality, production, sucrose content, quality parameters of roots Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 41-45 Volume: 65 Issue: 1 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/720/2018-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/720/2018-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201901-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:65:y:2019:i:1:id:720-2018-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Margita Kuklová Author-Workplace-Name: Instituteof Forest Ecology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Zvolen, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Helena Hniličková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: František Hnilička Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Ivica Pivková Author-Workplace-Name: Instituteof Forest Ecology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Zvolen, Slovak Republic Author-Name: Ján Kukla Author-Workplace-Name: Instituteof Forest Ecology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences, Zvolen, Slovak Republic Title: Impact of expressway on physiology of plants and accumulation of risk elements in forest ecosystems Abstract: This study analyses the effects of expressways on physiology and risk elements content in plants (Quercus cerris L., Prunus spinosa L., Melica uniflora Retz.) and soils. Study forest stands are located at a distance of 30 m to 8100 m from the expressway 'R1 Nitra - Tekovské Nemce' (southwest Slovakia). The effect of distance from the road on the content of cadmium (Cd) in soils indicated an increase of the element in mineral layers in the 30 m variant; excessive Cd values were recorded in O-horizons and in the background zone. Also copper (Cu) showed a marked enrichment of surface horizons caused by car traffic. The results of redundancy discriminant analysis showed that the most important environmental variables related to physiological parameters of plants were the content of Cd and Cu in plants (P < 0.05) and the content of Cu in soils (P < 0.05). However, M. uniflora species responded most sensitively to a decrease of average chlorophyl content as a consequence of excessive accumulation of Cd in leaf tissues. The obtained results indicate risk of exposure to risk elements in soils and plants of forest stands under conditions of polluted air, but also under specific environmental conditions. Keywords: road traffic, accumulation of toxic elements, air pollution, soil contamination, photosynthesis Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 46-53 Volume: 65 Issue: 1 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/585/2018-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/585/2018-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201901-0008.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:65:y:2019:i:1:id:585-2018-PSE