Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mahnaz Zare Author-Workplace-Name: Facultyof Sustainable Design Engineering, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Canada Author-Name: Aitazaz A. Farooque Author-Workplace-Name: Facultyof Sustainable Design Engineering, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Canada Author-Name: Farhat Abbas Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Punjab, Pakistan Author-Name: Qamar Zaman Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Engineering, Agricultural Campus, Dalhousie University, Truro, Canada Author-Name: Melanie Bos Author-Workplace-Name: Facultyof Sustainable Design Engineering, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Canada Title: Trends in the variability of potato tuber yield under selected land and soil characteristics Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate variations in potato tuber yield with the selected land and soil characteristics including (i) topography (elevation and slope); (ii) geometry (horizontal coplanar geometry (HCP)and perpendicular coplanar geometry (PRP)); (iii) hydrology (volumetric moisture content; θv), and (iv) chemistry (phosphate, potash, organic carbon; organic carbon and pH). Analyses of the data collected across four potato fields, two each in Prince Edward Island and New Brunswick (NB), showed that the tuber yield negatively correlated with the field slope and positively correlated with most of the soil characteristics studied. Field elevation affected yield only under certain conditions such as higher range of elevation (≥ 7 m) (Field 2 in NB). Among soil characteristics, only HCP and PRP correlated with field elevation. The slope and elevation explained 22% to 36% variability of yield. Investigations of yield and topography by zonal analysis showed that yield was lower in zones of higher slope or elevation and lower θv, as the mean θv decreased in zones with a higher slope. Keywords: Atlantic Canada, Solanum tuberosum L., land surface, site-specific crop management, precision agriculture Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 111-117 Volume: 65 Issue: 3 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/776/2018-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/776/2018-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201903-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:65:y:2019:i:3:id:776-2018-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Daniel Vejchar Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Agricultural Engineering, p.r.i., Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Josef Vacek Author-Workplace-Name: Potato Research Institute Havlíčkův Brod, Ltd., Havlíčkův Brod, Czech Republic Author-Name: David Hájek Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Agricultural Engineering, p.r.i., Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jiří Bradna Author-Workplace-Name: Research Institute of Agricultural Engineering, p.r.i., Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Pavel Kasal Author-Workplace-Name: Potato Research Institute Havlíčkův Brod, Ltd., Havlíčkův Brod, Czech Republic Author-Name: Andrea Svobodová Author-Workplace-Name: Potato Research Institute Havlíčkův Brod, Ltd., Havlíčkův Brod, Czech Republic Title: Reduction of surface runoff on sloped agricultural land in potato cultivation in de-stoned soil Abstract: Regarding the increased surface runoff from production areas, wide-row crops grown on slopes are considered risk crops. By reducing the surface runoff, it is possible to mitigate the negative effects on both the soil and the plants and positively influence the subsequent production, e.g., after application of de-stoning before planting. During this research, the tied ridging method was applied during planting by a two-row planter in both central and tractor trail furrows in potato rows and on the slope of 8.8% compared to a control plot without this treatment. Rainfall and surface water runoff were monitored, and the crop yields were compared. During three monitored years, up to 86% of the runoff water in the central furrows was saved compared to the control, whereas it was up to 72% in the wider furrows for tractor travel. The total yield was increased on the treated area, however, the increase could not be statistically proven. Keywords: soil conservation, water retention, Solanum tuberosum L., furrow diking, basin tillage Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 118-124 Volume: 65 Issue: 3 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/736/2018-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/736/2018-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201903-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:65:y:2019:i:3:id:736-2018-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Wacław Jarecki Author-Name: Jan Buczek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Production, University of Rzeszow, Rzeszow, Poland Author-Name: Dorota Bobrecka-Jamro Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Production, University of Rzeszow, Rzeszow, Poland Title: The response of winter oilseed rape to diverse foliar fertilization Abstract: In this experiment, the response of winter oilseed rape cv. SY Alister F1 to diverse foliar fertilization was evaluated. Foliar fertilization with the preparation Insol 5 was applied at the following dates: control (without a foliar fertilizer); autumn; autumn + spring; autumn + twice spring; spring and twice spring. Each variant in which autumn foliar fertilization was carried out contributed to a significant increase in plant density before harvest. In turn, each variant with spring foliar fertilization significantly increased the number of pods per plant compared to the control. Variants with autumn + spring, autumn + twice-spring, and twice-spring foliar fertilization influenced the increase in the soil-plant analysis development index (SPAD), thousand seed weight and protein and fat yield. The leaf area index was the highest after foliar fertilization applied in autumn + in spring or autumn + twice in spring. Foliar fertilization affected a significant increase in seed yield compared to the control. The content of protein and magnesium in seeds was the highest after the fertilizer application in autumn + twice in spring or twice in spring. Keywords: Brassica napus L. (Partim), nutrients, chlorophyll, yield of protein and oil, chemical composition of seeds Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 125-130 Volume: 65 Issue: 3 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/5/2019-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/5/2019-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201903-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:65:y:2019:i:3:id:5-2019-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Shaobo Wang Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Key Laboratory of Crop Water Physiology and Drought- Tolerance Germplasm Improvement of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, P.R. China Author-Name: Liangliang Guo Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Key Laboratory of Crop Water Physiology and Drought- Tolerance Germplasm Improvement of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, P.R. China Author-Name: Pengchong Zhou Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Key Laboratory of Crop Water Physiology and Drought- Tolerance Germplasm Improvement of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, P.R. China Author-Name: Xuejie Wang Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Key Laboratory of Crop Water Physiology and Drought- Tolerance Germplasm Improvement of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, P.R. China Author-Name: Ying Shen Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Key Laboratory of Crop Water Physiology and Drought- Tolerance Germplasm Improvement of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, P.R. China Author-Name: Huifang Han Author-Name: Tangyuan Ning Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Key Laboratory of Crop Water Physiology and Drought- Tolerance Germplasm Improvement of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, P.R. China Author-Name: Kun Han Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Key Laboratory of Crop Water Physiology and Drought- Tolerance Germplasm Improvement of Ministry of Agriculture, College of Agronomy, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, P.R. China Title: Effect of subsoiling depth on soil physical properties and summer maize (Zea mays L.) yield Abstract: The present study was carried out in 2016-2017 to assess the effect of subsoiling depth on the soil bulk density, stability of soil structure, soil physical properties and summer maize yield based on a field experiment started in 2015. Four tillage depths were studied: conventional tillage 25 cm (CT25); subsoiling tillage 30 cm (ST30); subsoiling tillage 35 cm (ST35) and subsoiling tillage 40 cm (ST40). The results showed that at the 20-50 cm depth ST30, ST35 and ST40 decreased the mean soil bulk by 4.59, 7.13 and 8.27%, respectively, and at the 0-40 cm depth reduced soil compactness by 17.62, 23.63 and 36.42%, respectively, as compared to CT25. ST40 reduced soil compactness in the 0-40 cm soil layer under conditions of relative drought (during the maize season growing season of 2016), ST35 and ST40 increased macroaggregates (> 0.25 mm), improved the stability of the aggregate structure (geometric mean diameter and mean weight diameter) (20-40 cm), increased soil water storage capacity at 40-60 cm and increased maize yield by 7.89% and 8.91%, respectively. Considering the improvement of soil properties and crop yield, ST35 was the optimum method to increase maize yield and modulate soil physical properties in the North China Plain. Keywords: tillage layer, soil quality, soil compaction, water content, soil depth, grain Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 131-137 Volume: 65 Issue: 3 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/703/2018-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/703/2018-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201903-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:65:y:2019:i:3:id:703-2018-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Agnieszka Faligowska Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agronomy and Bioengineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland Author-Name: Grażyna Szymańska Author-Name: Katarzyna Panasiewicz Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agronomy and Bioengineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland Author-Name: Jerzy Szukała Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agronomy and Bioengineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland Author-Name: Wiesław Koziara Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agronomy and Bioengineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland Author-Name: Karolina Ratajczak Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agronomy and Bioengineering, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland Title: The long-term effect of legumes as forecrops on the productivity of rotation (winter rape-winter wheat-winter wheat) with nitrogen fertilization Abstract: A field experiment was carried out in the years 2012-2018 in Poland in a split-plot design. The aim of the study was to determine the long-term effect of legumes as forecrops on the productivity of rotation with nitrogen fertilization. The rotation included: legumes + spring barley (SB), winter rape (WR), winter wheat (WW) and winter wheat. The study was conducted as a two-factorial field experiment with four replications. The present study showed that legumes as forecrops increased the yield of all after-harvest crops in rotation. Yielding of these crops also depended on nitrogen fertilization and position in the rotation. After comparison of the influence of nitrogen fertilization on yield of cereals, it was observed that the effect of this factor was greater for WW cultivated in the fourth year of rotation than for WW cultivated in the third year of rotation. In relation with control, each dose of nitrogen fertilization caused a significant increase of WR and cereals yield, but the dose of 180 kg N/ha did not increase yield significantly in comparison to the dose of 120 kg N/ha. There was also negative agronomic N-efficiency observed between doses of 120-180 kg N/ha, which means that it is not necessary to use 180 kg N/ha, especially if there are legumes in crop rotation. Keywords: Hordeum vulgare L., Brassica napus L., Triticum aestivum L., after-effect of Fabaceae, mineral nutrition Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 138-144 Volume: 65 Issue: 3 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/556/2018-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/556/2018-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201903-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:65:y:2019:i:3:id:556-2018-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andrzej Wysokiński Author-Name: Beata Kuziemska Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Science, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Siedlce, Poland Title: The sources of nitrogen for yellow lupine and spring triticale in their intercropping Abstract: The aim of the study was to evaluate the amount of nitrogen taken up from air, mineral fertilizers and soil by yellow lupine (Lupinus luteus L.) and spring triticale (Triticosecale Wittm. ex A. Camus) in their intercropping cultivation. The factor examined in the experiment was percentage of yellow lupine seeds and spring triticale grain in sown mixtures: 100/0, 75/25, 50/50, 25/75 and 0/100, respectively. Yellow lupine yield was reduced by spring triticale when intercropped. In the yield of both plants the percentage share of spring triticale grain was larger and that of yellow lupine seed was smaller than in the sown mixture. Land equivalent ratio informs that yield advantage under intercropping of lupine and triticale was minor. The total protein yield was the highest in lupine cultivation when sown pure, and decreased with increasing share of triticale in their intercropping. The mean percentage nitrogen share from N2 fixation, fertilizer and soil reserves in yellow lupine mass was: 65.2, 8.8 and 26.0%, respectively, while in the mass of spring triticale it was 10.1, 23.5 and 68.8%, respectively. Keywords: nitrogen fixation, isotope 15N, legumes, cereals, seed rate Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 145-151 Volume: 65 Issue: 3 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/644/2018-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/644/2018-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201903-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:65:y:2019:i:3:id:644-2018-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Haoqiang Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China Author-Name: Ting Liu Author-Workplace-Name: College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China Author-Name: Yuanyuan Wang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China Author-Name: Ming Tang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P.R. China Title: Exogenous arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi increase soil organic carbon and change microbial community in poplar rhizosphere Abstract: Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) increase soil organic carbon (SOC) deposition via secretion of glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP) and modulation of plant carbon partition. Two exogenous AMF inocula (Rhizophagus irregularis and Glomus versiforme) were applied to the roots of Populus × canadensis seedlings grown in the unsterilized nursery soil. The diversity of fungal and bacterial communities was assessed by the polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE) method, while the accumulation of GRSP and SOC content in 22.5 cm-deep soil was measured. The results indicated that two AMF additions increased root colonization frequency as well as poplar biomass, especially root biomass accumulation. Two AMF applications improved the easily extractable-GRSP, total-GRSP, and SOC accumulation in the rhizosphere of poplar seedlings, limited the fungal community, and exerted no influence on the bacterial community. The effect of G. versiforme on GRSP and SOC accumulation was higher than that of R. irregularis. The AMF introduced GRSP, and SOC accumulation was highly correlated the limited fungal species richness. Keywords: mycorrhizal symbiosis, microorganism, soil inoculant, plant root, mycoforestry Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 152-158 Volume: 65 Issue: 3 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/2/2019-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/2/2019-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201903-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:65:y:2019:i:3:id:2-2019-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Elżbieta Patkowska Author-Name: Agnieszka Jamiołkowska Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Protection, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland Author-Name: Elżbieta Mielniczuk Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Protection, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Lublin, Poland Title: Antagonistic fungi in the soil after Daucus carota L. cultivation Abstract: Field and laboratory studies determined the effect of intercrop plants (rye, buckwheat, white mustard and sunflower) used in carrot cultivation on the occurrence of Clonostachys spp., Albifimbria spp., Trichoderma spp. and Penicillium spp. in the soil and their antagonistic activity. Rye and white mustard were the most effective in limiting the occurrence of soil-borne fungi. Those plants caused an increase of the population of the studied antagonistic fungi. Buckwheat and sunflower promoted the development of antagonists a little worse. The antagonistic activity of the aforementioned fungi was the highest after using rye and white mustard and slightly after buckwheat and sunflower. Those fungi were the most effective in inhibiting the growth of Altenaria dauci, A. radicina and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum pathogenic towards carrot. Keywords: soil-borne pathogens, saprotrophic fungi, soil microorganisms, biotic effect, intercropping, root vegetable Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 159-164 Volume: 65 Issue: 3 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/22/2019-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/22/2019-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201903-0008.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:65:y:2019:i:3:id:22-2019-PSE