Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jiří Balík Author-Name: Jindřich Černý Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Martin Kulhánek Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Ondřej Sedlář Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Pavel Suran Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Balance of potassium in two long-term field experiments with different fertilization treatments Abstract: Balance of potassium (K) was observed in long-term stationary field experiments (21 years) at two sites with different soil and climatic conditions (Luvisol, Cambisol). The following crops were rotated within the trial: potatoes- winter wheat-spring barley. All three crops were grown each year. The trial comprised 6 treatments: (1) no fertilization; (2) farmyard manure; (3) half dose of farmyard manure + nitrogen (N) in mineral nitrogen fertilizers; (4) mineral nitrogen fertilizers; (5) NPK in mineral fertilizers; (6) straw of spring barley + N in mineral nitrogen fertilizers. The recovery rate of potassium from farmyard manure by crops was 24-26%, from mineral fertilizers it was 27-52%. Different fertilization intensities were manifested by significant differences in the content of exchangeable K in soil. Changes in non-exchangeable K (Kne) were recorded only at the Luvisol site (850 mg Kne/kg), but not at the Cambisol site (3000 mg Kne/kg). The maximum negative balance (-2376 kg K/ha/21 years) was recorded at the mineral nitrogen fertilization treatment. Keywords: farmyard manure, mineral fertilizers, potatoes, wheat, barley, bioavailable K, non-exchangeable K Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 225-232 Volume: 65 Issue: 5 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/109/2019-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/109/2019-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201905-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:65:y:2019:i:5:id:109-2019-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Wiesław Szulc Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural Chemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Warsaw, Poland Author-Name: Beata Rutkowska Author-Name: Michał Hoch Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural Chemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Warsaw, Poland Author-Name: Dominik Ptasiński Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural Chemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Warsaw, Poland Author-Name: Witold Kazberuk Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural Chemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences-SGGW, Warsaw, Poland Title: Plant available silicon in differentiated fertilizing conditions Abstract: Based on a long-term fertilization experiment on sandy soil, research concerning the effect of variable fertilization on the soil content of silicon extracted by CaCl2 solution was performed. The content of plant available silicon was evidenced to depend on the applied fertilization and soil properties. Plant silicon supply coefficient varied depending on the fertiliser combination. In the case of potatoes this coefficient was smaller then 1 but for oat was usually higher then one. It suggesting that the amount of available silicon in soil is sufficient to cover the nutritional needs of potatoes but not sufficient for oat. Keywords: plant-available silicon, mineral fertilisation, manure, stress tolerance Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 233-237 Volume: 65 Issue: 5 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/99/2019-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/99/2019-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201905-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:65:y:2019:i:5:id:99-2019-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Mehmet Hamurcu Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey Author-Name: Derya Arslan Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey Author-Name: Erdogan E. Hakki Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey Author-Name: M. Musa Özcan Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey Author-Name: Anamika Pandey Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey Author-Name: Mohd Kamran Khan Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey Author-Name: Sait Gezgin Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey Title: Boron application affecting the yield and fatty acid composition of soybean genotypes Abstract: The effects of different boron (B) dosages (0, 2 and 12 mg B/kg) were determined on four soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) cultivars, namely 13935, Türksoy, ME 3399 and Deficiency. B contents of the dried plant samples, dry weight, total oil, biomass, seed yield (g/pot), seed protein contents and seed fatty acid compositions were estimated. The seed protein content and shoot dry weight of soybean cultivars increased and decreased with B supply, respectively. The seed oil of cv. Türksoy had the highest ratio of stearic and oleic acids under 2 mg B/kg treatment. The highest total oil content under 12 mg B/kg treatment was observed in cv. Deficiency with 8% higher total oil content. The ratio of saturated fatty acids to unsaturated fatty acids decreased in cvs. 13935 and ME 3399, and increased in cvs. Türksoy and Deficiency at B treatments. Seeds oil of cvs. 13935 and ME 3399 showed the highest α-linolenic acid levels under 2 mg B/kg and 12 mg B/kg soil treatment, respectively. The study revealed that high concentrations of boron had a diminishing effect on seed yield (except cv. Türksoy), increasing effect on protein content and variable effect on saturated and unsaturated fatty acid compositions. This specifies the involvement of boron in the formation of seed protein and fatty acids in soybean. However, detailed research is required to understand the mechanisms behind the process. Keywords: boron deficiency, boron toxicity, dicotyledonous plants, fatty acid content, micronutrient Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 238-243 Volume: 65 Issue: 5 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/679/2018-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/679/2018-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201905-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:65:y:2019:i:5:id:679-2018-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Josef Pulkrábek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agroecology and Crop Production, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Lukáš Pacek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jaroslav Čítek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Science, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Roman Stupka Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Animal Science, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Kateřina Pračke Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Pavel Tlustoš Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Regional food and feed self-sufficiency related to climate change and animal density - a case study from the Czech Republic Abstract: A new food and feed self-sufficiency model for the Czech Republic (RESTEP) was applied for the evaluation of possible adverse climate impacts uniformly reducing crop production by 5, 10, 20, and 30%. The situation was simulated for the whole country and four different agriculturally important regions. Biomass production modeling confirmed that for the whole country, the food self-sufficiency is secured up to 20% of yield decline for most crops, but even 5% yield decline of silage maize would lead to its shortage in animal feeding. On the other hand, regional results vary significantly. Regions Jižní Morava and Střední Čechy shown oversupply of feedstuff allowing them to cover the demands of cattle and pigs up to 20% or 30% decline of yield, respectively. The opposite model represents the Vysočina (VY) region which is not able to cover the demands from own sources even at the baseline scenario. The acreage extension of maize is not possible due to erosion risk restrictions at 25% of arable land at VY. The possible solution consists of extension acreage of alfalfa and clover or finding other plants sufficient for feeding as well for biogas facilities in regions rich in biomass energy consumers. Keywords: animal farming, human nutrition, extreme weather, consumption, livestock Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 244-252 Volume: 65 Issue: 5 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/190/2019-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/190/2019-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201905-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:65:y:2019:i:5:id:190-2019-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Man Liu Author-Workplace-Name: Instituteof Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, P.R. China Author-Name: Guilin Han Author-Workplace-Name: Instituteof Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, P.R. China Author-Name: Zichuan Li Author-Workplace-Name: Instituteof Surface-Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, P.R. China Author-Name: Qian Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, P.R. China Author-Name: Zhaoliang Song Author-Workplace-Name: Instituteof Surface-Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, P.R. China Title: Soil organic carbon sequestration in soil aggregates in the karst Critical Zone Observatory, Southwest China Abstract: Soil organic carbon (SOC) sequestration in aggregates under land use change have been widely concerned due to intimate impacts on the sink (or source) of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2). However, the quantitative relationship between soil aggregation and SOC sequestration under land uses change has been poorly studied. Distribution of aggregates, SOC contents in bulk soils and different size aggregates and their contributions to SOC sequestration were determined under different land uses in the Puding Karst Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, karst Critical Zone Observatory (CZO), Southwest China. Soil aggregation and SOC sequestration increased in the processes of farmland abandonment and recovery. SOC contents in micro-aggregates were larger than those in macro-aggregates in restored land soils, while the opposite results in farmland soils were obtained, probably due to the hindrance of the C-enriched SOC transport from macro-aggregate into micro-aggregate by the disturbance of agricultural activities. SOC contents in macro-aggregates exponentially increased with their proportions along successional land uses. Macro-aggregates accounted for over 80% on the SOC sequestration in restored land soils, while they accounted for 31-60% in farmland soils. These results indicated that macro-aggregates have a great potential for SOC sequestration in karst soils. Keywords: soil nutrition decline, carbon cycling, agricultural management, calcareous soil, karst small watershed Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 253-259 Volume: 65 Issue: 5 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/602/2018-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/602/2018-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201905-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:65:y:2019:i:5:id:602-2018-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Monika Zrcková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agroecology and Crop Production, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Ivana Capouchová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agroecology and Crop Production, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Luboš Paznocht Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Marie Eliášová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Petr Dvořák Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agroecology and Crop Production, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Petr Konvalina Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agroecosystems, Faculty of Agriculture, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, České Budějovice, Czech Republic Author-Name: Dagmar Janovská Author-Workplace-Name: Crop Research Institute, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Matyáš Orsák Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Lucie Bečková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agroecology and Crop Production, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Variation of the total content of polyphenols and phenolic acids in einkorn, emmer, spelt and common wheat grain as a function of genotype, wheat species and crop year Abstract: The study aimed at evaluating the total content of polyphenols (TPC) and phenolic acids (TPA) in grain of 4 spring einkorn, 4 emmer, 4 spelt and 4 common wheat genotypes cultivated under organic cropping system in two-year trials. The TPC and TPA were significantly affected both by genotype, wheat species and crop year (weather conditions). At the same time, TPC and TPA were mainly affected by the crop year while the effect of genetic factors was lesser. The TPC ranged from 618 mg/kg DM (dry matter) (common wheat cv. Annie) to 792.37 mg/kg DM (Triticum monococcum GEO) and TPA from 700.66 mg/kg DM (cv. Annie) to 874.74 mg/kg DM (Schwedishes einkorn) in an average of two-year results. Related to the wheat species, total content of polyphenols was in order einkorn > emmer > common wheat > spelt, total content of phenolic acids in order einkorn > spelt > emmer > common wheat. Higher TPC and TPA were observed in the very dry year 2018. Keywords: hulled wheat, organic farming, antioxidant compounds, cereal, phytochemicals Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 260-266 Volume: 65 Issue: 5 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/134/2019-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/134/2019-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201905-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:65:y:2019:i:5:id:134-2019-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Naiying Wu Author-Name: Yingqi Li Author-Workplace-Name: College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei, P.R. China Author-Name: Qian Zhou Author-Workplace-Name: College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei, P.R. China Author-Name: Xiaocheng Chai Author-Workplace-Name: College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, Hebei, P.R. China Title: Mycorrhizal alfalfa and surfactant affect the uptake and dissipation of phenanthrene in soil Abstract: A greenhouse experiment was conducted to compare the effects of biosurfactant Rhamnopyranoside and chemical surfactant Triton X-100 on the uptake of phenanthrene by mycorrhizal alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and phenanthrene dissipation in soil. Mycorrhizal treatment led to a higher phenanthrene accumulation in alfalfa and enhanced phenanthrene dissipation from the treated soil compared with non-mycorrhizal control. Inoculation combined with Rhamnopyranoside application gave the highest phenanthrene removal rate of 85.50% from treated soil and highest phenanthrene accumulation in plants (2.92 μg in root and 1.58 μg in shoot per pot) among all treatments. Besides, such combination treatment resulted in the highest freeze-dried biomass of plant (4.13 g for root and 3.31 g for shoot per pot), suggesting low toxicity for this treatment. These observations indicate co-effects of Rhamnopyranoside and inoculation may have potential as a biotechnological approach for decontamination of soil contaminated with phenanthrene. Keywords: phytoremediation, organic contaminant, Glomus etunicatum, phototoxicity, biodegradation, biosurfactant Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 267-272 Volume: 65 Issue: 5 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/785/2018-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/785/2018-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201905-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:65:y:2019:i:5:id:785-2018-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Andrea Schuhmann Author-Workplace-Name: Environment Agency Austria, Environmental Analysis, Vienna, Austria Author-Name: Gernot Klammler Author-Workplace-Name: JR-AquaConSol GmbH, Graz, Austria Author-Name: Stefan Weiss Author-Workplace-Name: Environment Agency Austria, Environmental Analysis, Vienna, Austria Author-Name: Oliver Gans Author-Workplace-Name: Environment Agency Austria, Environmental Analysis, Vienna, Austria Author-Name: Johann Fank Author-Workplace-Name: JR-AquaConSol GmbH, Graz, Austria Author-Name: Georg Haberhauer Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forest and Soil Science, Institute of Soil Research, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, Austria Author-Name: Martin H. Gerzabek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Forest and Soil Science, Institute of Soil Research, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, Austria Title: Degradation and leaching of bentazone, terbuthylazine and S-metolachlor and some of their metabolites: A long-term lysimeter experiment Abstract: The degradation and leaching of bentazone, terbuthylazine and S-metolachlor and their metabolites N-methyl-bentazone, desethyl-terbuthylazine, 2-hydroxy-terbuthylazine, metolachlor ethane sulfonic acid (ESA) and metolachlor oxanilic acid (OA) were investigated using the plant protection products Artett (bentazone/terbuthylazine), Gardo Gold (S-metolachlor/terbuthylazine) and Dual Gold (S-metolachlor) applied to a weighable, monolithic, high precision lysimeter with a loamy, sandy soil. Artett and Gardo Gold were applied at higher doses than recommended according to good agricultural practice. In leachate, S-metolachlor was detected at concentrations of up to 0.15 µg/L, whereas metolachlor-ESA and metolachlor-OA were present at higher concentrations of up to 37 µg/L and 8.4 µg/L, respectively. In a second terbuthylazine application, concentrations of desethyl-terbuthylazine of up to 0.1 µg/L were detected. In soil, bentazone degraded faster than terbuthylazine and S-metolachlor, whereas the metabolization of terbuthylazine after the second application resulted in an enhanced formation of desethyl-terbuthylazine and a highly increased hydroxylation of terbuthylazine. The importance of analysing both parent compounds and metabolites on a long-term scale was demonstrated to better understand the environmental fate and transport. Keywords: agriculture, herbicide, contamination, metabolism Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 273-281 Volume: 65 Issue: 5 Year: 2019 DOI: 10.17221/803/2018-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/803/2018-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-201905-0008.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:65:y:2019:i:5:id:803-2018-PSE