Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Conor Watson Author-Workplace-Name: Life Sciences Faculty, Rhine-Waal University of Applied Sciences, Kleve, Germany Author-Name: Joachim Clemens Author-Workplace-Name: SF-Soepenberg GmbH, Huenxe, Germany Author-Name: Florian Wichern Author-Workplace-Name: Life Sciences Faculty, Rhine-Waal University of Applied Sciences, Kleve, Germany Title: Hazenite: a new secondary phosphorus, potassium and magnesium fertiliser Abstract: Secondary fertilisers are becoming an important alternative to conventional mined fertilisers. For the first time, the struvite "relative" hazenite (KNaMg2(PO4)2∙14 H2O) has been artificially synthesised. A pot trial assessed whether hazenite-fertilised ryegrass had comparable potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), or phosphorus (P) uptake and shoot yields with treatments receiving conventional K (muriate of potash), Mg (kieserite) or P (triple superphosphate, TSP) fertilisers. Ryegrass shoot biomass production and K/Mg uptake in replicates receiving hazenite were as good as or superior to those amended with conventional fertilisers. Phosphorus uptake of plants whose P source was TSP was significantly higher than that of the hazenite-amended replicates without significantly higher shoot biomass, indicating luxury P uptake. Hazenite's constituent sodium (Na) makes it a potentially useful soil amendment for forage grasses or natrophilic crops such as sugar beet. Its component Mg would also be desirable in forage grasses to pre-empt ruminant hypomagnesemia or in crops with a relatively high Mg demand, for example, maize. Furthermore, hazenite represents a good alternative to KCl for chlorophobic crops such as potatoes. However, given its unusual ratio of Mg, P, and K, the ideal application of hazenite would probably be in combination with other fertilisers. Keywords: fertilisation, macronutrient, waste stream, nutrient recycling Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 1-6 Volume: 66 Issue: 1 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/492/2019-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/492/2019-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202001-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:66:y:2020:i:1:id:492-2019-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Abdullah Al Mamun Sohag Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh Author-Name: Md. Tahjib-Ul-Arif Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh Author-Name: Marián Brestič Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Nitra, Slovak Republic Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Sonya Afrin Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh Author-Name: Md. Arif Sakil Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh Author-Name: Md. Tahmeed Hossain Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh Author-Name: Mohammad Anowar Hossain Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh Author-Name: Md. Afzal Hossain Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh Title: Exogenous salicylic acid and hydrogen peroxide attenuate drought stress in rice Abstract: Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and salicylic acid (SA) exhibit protective effects against a wide array of stresses. In this study, we investigated the relative efficacy of exogenous H2O2 and SA in conferring drought tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa L.). The experiment was repeated two times, firstly in a hydroponic system and secondly in soil. The results revealed that drought hampered germination indices, seedling growth, photosynthetic pigments, and water content, whereas increased proline content. It also triggered higher H2O2 production and consequently elevated lipid peroxidation, which is a particular indication of oxidative damage. However, exogenous H2O2 or SA treatment effectively alleviated oxidative damage in rice seedlings both in hydroponic and soil systems via upregulating antioxidant enzymes. Nevertheless, regulation of proline level and augmentation of plant-water status were crucial to confer drought tolerance. Exogenous H2O2 or SA also protected photosynthetic pigments from oxidative damage that might help to maintain normal photosynthesis under drought. Besides, 5 mmol/L H2O2 and 0.5 or 1 mmol/L SA showed similar effectiveness on mitigating drought stress. Finally, our findings suggest that exogenous H2O2 or SA could evenly be effectual in the amending growth of rice seedlings under drought conditions. Keywords: abiotic stress tolerance, phytohormone, signaling molecule, water stress Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 7-13 Volume: 66 Issue: 1 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/472/2019-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/472/2019-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202001-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:66:y:2020:i:1:id:472-2019-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Piotr Szulc Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agronomy, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland Author-Name: Wioletta Wilczewska Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agronomy, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland Author-Name: Katarzyna Ambroży-Deręgowska Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Mathematical and Statistical Methods, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland Author-Name: Iwona Mejza Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Mathematical and Statistical Methods, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland Author-Name: Daria Szymanowska Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biotechnology and Food Microbiology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland Author-Name: Joanna Kobus-Cisowska Author-Workplace-Name: 4Department of Gastronomy Sciences and Functional Foods, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland Title: Influence of the depth of nitrogen-phosphorus fertiliser placement in soil on maize yielding Abstract: The study presents the results of 4-year field trials; their purpose was to assess maize yield in relation to the depth of a mineral two-component (NP) fertiliser application in the soil layer, the type of nitrogen fertiliser (ammonium nitrate and urea) and the date of its application. The yield grain was significantly dependent on changing weather conditions in the growing seasons. Initial fertilisation with two-component NP fertiliser, regardless of the years, significantly affected the grain yield. Row fertilisation with two-component NP fertiliser increases the availability of phosphorus in the acid soil environment, elevating maize grain yield. The efficiency of row NP fertiliser application is determined by the natural soil richness in phosphorus. Maize grain yield depended more on the date of application than the form of nitrogen, and its application before sowing was more effective. The application of ammonium nitrate in the BBCH 15/16 stage significantly reduced the number of production ears per unit area compared to the pre-sowing application of this fertiliser. Deep fertiliser placement under the soil surface can be another tool to alleviate the negative consequences of the increasingly high temperatures and droughts. Keywords: Zea mays L., drought stress, climatic condition, macronutrient, thermal requirement Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 14-21 Volume: 66 Issue: 1 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/644/2019-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/644/2019-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202001-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:66:y:2020:i:1:id:644-2019-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Xiuxia Yang Author-Workplace-Name: Collegeof Land Resources and Environment, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Ministry of Education and Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, P.R. China Author-Name: Hui Yan Author-Workplace-Name: Collegeof Land Resources and Environment, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, P.R. China Author-Name: Xiaohui Wang Author-Workplace-Name: Nanchang Garden Science and Technology Research Institute, Nanchang, P.R. China Author-Name: Qingyin Shang Author-Workplace-Name: Ministry of Education and Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, P.R. China Title: Integrated soil fertility and yield trend in response to long-term fertilisation under the Chinese double rice-cropping systems Abstract: Soil fertility is fundamental in determining crop productivity and sustainability in farming systems. A long-term fertiliser experiment in Chinese double rice-cropping systems initiated in 2011 was used in this study to gain an insight into a complete estimating of soil fertility. The six fertiliser treatments included mineral fertiliser (NP, NK, and NPK), combined NPK with farmyard manure (NPKM) or crop straw (NPKS), and no fertiliser application as a control. Results showed that grain yield averaged 5.5-13.0 t/ha/year, and significant increasing trends were observed in the phosphorus-applied plots (NP, NPK, NPKM, and NPKS), but the treatments without phosphorus applied (control and NK) resulted in declining trends in both early- and late-rice yields. After long-term rice cultivation, the contents of total and available phosphorus significantly declined in phosphorus-deficient plots compared to other treatments. Regression analysis showed that the improvement in grain yields was positively correlated with the increased soil fertility over treatments. Relative to the NPK treatment, the NPKM treatment greatly enhanced soil fertility from 0.50 to 0.78, and particularly dramatically increased the content of available soil phosphorus. Therefore, the high grain yield and soil fertility can be simultaneously achieved by long-term balanced fertiliser applications in Chinese double rice-cropping systems. Keywords: Oryza sativa L., rice production, climate change, nutrition, soil quality Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 22-32 Volume: 66 Issue: 1 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/365/2019-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/365/2019-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202001-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:66:y:2020:i:1:id:365-2019-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Abdalla I. Ahmed Author-Name: Ibrahim M. Aref Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Production, College of Food and Agricultural Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Author-Name: Thobayet S. Alshahrani Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Production, College of Food and Agricultural Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Title: Investigating the variations of soil fertility and Sorghum bicolor L. physiological performance under plantation of some Acacia species Abstract: Taking the importance of agricultural production sustainability with limited resources to use efficiency in an arid area, afield experiment was designed to investigate the effect of three, Acacia trees (Acacia nilotica, A. seyal, and A. tortilis) planting combination on soil fertility and Sorghum bicolor L. growth and physiological performance. The sorghum planted in 7 strips between 14 rows of Acacia trees planting combinations and one treeless strip as control. Acacia species plantations significantly increase soil fertility in terms of available nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) and organic carbon (OC) contents as compared to control, highest level of N and P content (59.01 ± 1.45 and 58.77 ± 1.10 mg/kg) was reported in strip between rows of A. tortilis. Although the highest net photosynthesis rate (Pn) and stomatal conductance (gs) recorded in plants grown between rows of pure A. torilis, and rows of A. torilis-A. seyal, but different Acacia significantly enhanced sorghum growth and physiology with reference to net photosynthesis rate, stomatal conductance and chlorophyll fluorescence (chlF). The results stated linear relation between soil nutrients (N, P, K), Pn, and chlF increasing soil fertility improve physiological performance of sorghum. In conclusion, the three Acacia improve soil fertility and sorghum growth. Generally, this plantation trial can be environment-friendly alternative agricultural practices in Saudi Arabia or any area with a similar ecological condition to amend the soil and improve crop performance. Keywords: agroforestry, canopy, climatic condition, Fabaceae, soil dryness, semiarid area Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 33-40 Volume: 66 Issue: 1 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/449/2019-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/449/2019-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202001-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:66:y:2020:i:1:id:449-2019-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Pavel Donner Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agroecology and Crop Production, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: Hop Research Institute Co. Ltd., Žatec, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jaroslav Pokorný Author-Workplace-Name: Hop Research Institute Co. Ltd., Žatec, Czech Republic Author-Name: Josef Ježek Author-Workplace-Name: Hop Research Institute Co. Ltd., Žatec, Czech Republic Author-Name: Karel Krofta Author-Workplace-Name: Hop Research Institute Co. Ltd., Žatec, Czech Republic Author-Name: Josef Patzak Author-Workplace-Name: Hop Research Institute Co. Ltd., Žatec, Czech Republic Author-Name: Josef Pulkrábek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agroecology and Crop Production, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Influence of weather conditions, irrigation and plant age on yield and alpha-acids content of Czech hop (Humulus lupulus L.) cultivars Abstract: This study quantifies the effects of weather conditions, irrigation, and plant age on yield and alpha-acids content of Czech hop cultivars Saaz, Sládek, Premiant and Agnus in a 25-year long period, i.e., from 1993 to 2018. The yields of Czech hop cultivars were increasing for the first three years of plant age until they stabilized and then started to decline slightly for 15 to 20 years until they reached the optimal time for replanting. The highest alpha-acids content in hop cones was achieved in the first year of cultivation, followed by a logarithmic decline in the upcoming years. Rainfall was the most significant factor that positively influenced the yield of Saaz hops with correlations of r = 0.59 and 0.61 (P < 0.01) for total seasonal rainfall (April-August), 0.65 (P < 0.001) and 0.60 (P < 0.01) for daily rainfall above 3 mm, 0.37 (P < 0.05) and 0.58 (P < 0.01) for rainfall in May and 0.50 (P < 0.01) and 0.32 (P < 0.05) in July in the Saaz region and the Stekník farm, respectively. The yield of cultivars Sládek, Premiant and Agnus was not statistically influenced by the amount of precipitation, but there was a positive effect of irrigation level on yield increase with correlations 0.58 (P < 0.01), 0.55 and 0.49 (P < 0.05), respectively. High air temperatures during summer were the most significant factor that negatively influenced the alpha-acids content with the correlations ranging from -0.56 to -0.83. However, cv. Agnus showed a stable weather-independent alpha-acids content. Keywords: climate change, water stress, dry weather, biosynthesis, brewing industry Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 41-46 Volume: 66 Issue: 1 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/627/2019-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/627/2019-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202001-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:66:y:2020:i:1:id:627-2019-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ning Zong Author-Workplace-Name: Lhasa National Ecological Research Station, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modelling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China Author-Name: Peili Shi Author-Workplace-Name: Lhasa National Ecological Research Station, Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modelling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China Title: Clipping defoliation eliminates the stimulating effects of nitrogen enrichment on the aboveground productivity of an alpine meadow Abstract: To investigate how clipping (CL) regulates the effects of nutrient addition, an experiment, including CL and nitrogen (N) addition, was conducted in an alpine meadow. Nitrogen treatment increased community coverage (48-113% higher than the control) and aboveground biomass (29-117% higher than the control), which was mainly attributed to grass growth. Both N and N + CL treatments showed a tendency to reducing species richness, while significant reduction only occurred in 2016 and 2017 in CL treatment. Clipping showed a tendency to decrease community cover (3-37% lower than the control) and aboveground biomass (2-34% lower than the control), while N + CL treatment had no effect, indicating that clipping can eliminate the simulated effects of N addition. Nitrogen addition significantly increased soil inorganic N (SIN, 528-1230% higher than the control), while SIN in N + CL was 25-48% lower than N treatment. The decrease in stimulated effects in N + CL was attributed to SIN decrease, which resulted from the aboveground biomass removal by clipping. Our results show that clipping can take away aboveground biomass and cause soil nutrients to decrease, which slows down the degraded grassland recovery. This suggests that grazing exclusion may eliminate the effect of nitrogen deposition on aboveground production in alpine grasslands. Keywords: compensatory growth, nutrient improvement, plant functional group, selective clipping, Tibetan Plateau Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 47-56 Volume: 66 Issue: 1 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/543/2019-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/543/2019-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202001-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:66:y:2020:i:1:id:543-2019-PSE