Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Filip Mercl Author-Name: Zdeněk Košnář Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agro-environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Lorenzo Pierdonà Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agro-environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Leidy Marcela Ulloa-Murillo Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agro-environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jiřina Száková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agro-environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Pavel Tlustoš Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agro-environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Changes in availability of Ca, K, Mg, P and S in sewage sludge as affected by pyrolysis temperature Abstract: Pyrolysis is a promising technology for sewage sludge (SS) treatment providing several improvements of SS properties for soil application. However, information on the influence of pyrolytic temperature on the availability of nutrients in resulting biochar (BC) is limited. In this study, anaerobically stabilised SS was pyrolysed in a laboratory fixed-bed reactor at 220, 320, 420, 520, and 620 °C for 30 min in the N2 atmosphere. Pyrolysis resulted in a higher total content of all studied nutrients in BCs. Aromaticity and hydrophobicity of BCs increased with increasing temperatures while solubility decreased. Relative availability (% from total content) of nutrients in BCs was in order: Ca > Mg ~ K > S > P. Pyrolysis at 220 °C produced acidic BC with a higher content of acetic acid-extractable nutrients compared to non-pyrolysed control. An increment in pH and a significant drop in the content of available Ca, Mg, K and S were found at temperature 320 °C. Pyrolysis at 320 °C increased the content of available P by 28 % compared to non-pyrolysed SS. At the temperature of 420 °C and higher, available contents of all studied nutrients were lower than in non-pyrolysed SS. Keywords: torrefaction, biosolids, disinfection, plant nutrition, phosphorus, recycling Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 143-148 Volume: 66 Issue: 4 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/605/2019-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/605/2019-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202004-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:66:y:2020:i:4:id:605-2019-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Weirong Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong, P.R. China Author-Name: Zheng Kang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong, P.R. China Author-Name: Qiang Wang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong, P.R. China Author-Name: Nianwei Qiu Author-Workplace-Name: College of Life Sciences, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong, P.R. China Author-Name: Min Chen Author-Workplace-Name: Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Stress, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, P.R. China Author-Name: Feng Zhou Author-Workplace-Name: School of Food Science, Nanjing Xiaozhuang University, Nanjing, P.R. China Title: The biological effects of strontium (88Sr) on Chinese cabbage Abstract: Steady-state strontium (88Sr) plays an important role in human health. Applying a proper amount of 88Sr to vegetables can improve their nutritional value. To investigate the biological effects of 88S on vegetables, three-leaf Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L.) seedlings were provided with a nutrient solution containing 0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 5.0 and 10 mmol/L SrCl2 by the hydroponic culture. The results showed that SrCl2 at low concentrations (0.2 and 0.5 mmol/L) promoted the growth of Chinese cabbage, while SrCl2 at high concentrations (2.0-10.0 mmol/L)significantly inhibited the growth. SrCl2 at high concentrations did not decrease the chlorophyll content and protein content in Chinese cabbage leaves, nor did it affect the photosynthetic capacity of leaves. The main reason that SrCl2 at high concentrations inhibited the growth of Chinese cabbage was that strontium affected the absorption of calcium. SrCl2 at the concentration of 0.2 and 0.5 mmol/L could significantly increase leaf protein, chlorophyll, and water content and promote the growth of Chinese cabbage. The supplement of SrCl2 at these two concentrations may be beneficial to the growth and yield of Chinese cabbage. Keywords: vegetable, strontium fertiliser, hyperaccumulator, strontium toxicity, plant metabolism Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 149-154 Volume: 66 Issue: 4 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/108/2020-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/108/2020-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202004-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:66:y:2020:i:4:id:108-2020-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Agnieszka Żurawik Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Horticulture, West Pomeranian University of Technology Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland Author-Name: Dorota Jadczak Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Horticulture, West Pomeranian University of Technology Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland Author-Name: Nikolay Panayotov Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Horticulture, Agricultural University, Plovdiv, Bulgaria Author-Name: Piotr Żurawik Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Horticulture, West Pomeranian University of Technology Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland Title: Macro- and micronutrient content in selected cultivars of Capsicum annuum L. depending on fruit coloration Abstract: Capsicum annuum L. belongs to the Solanaceae family and is a species of huge economic importance and high nutritional value. A study conducted in the years 2014-2015 at the Department of Horticulture, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, assessed the content of macro- and micronutrients in the fruit of selected Polish and Bulgarian cultivars of pepper collected at different stages of coloration development. The investigation included five Polish cultivars: Roberta, Marta Polka, Etiuda, Trapez and Cyklon and five Bulgarian cultivars: Bulgarski Ratung, Sivriya, Kurtovska Kapiya, Delikates and Dzuliunska Shipka. The study demonstrated a significant effect of cultivar and a degree of fruit coloration on the content of dry matter and macro- and micronutrients. The coloured fruits featured higher content of dry matter than the green ones and cv. Etiuda had the greatest dry matter. Green fruits contained more Mg, Mn and Zn, while the coloured ones more Ca and Fe. Cvs. Delikates and Dzuliunska Shipka were particularly rich in Mg and K, cv. Sivriya in Ca and cv. Etiuda in P, Cu, Zn and Mn were the most abundant in cv. Delikates, Fe in cv. Trapez, and Na in cv. Cyklon. Keywords: mineral elements, vegetable, warm region, plant nutrition, accumulation Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 155-161 Volume: 66 Issue: 4 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/45/2020-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/45/2020-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202004-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:66:y:2020:i:4:id:45-2020-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Amer Sunulahpašić Author-Workplace-Name: Ministry of Agriculture, Water Management and Forestry, Central Bosnia Canton, Travnik, Bosnia and Herzegovina Author-Name: Siniša Mitrić Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina Author-Name: Dragana Šunjka Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia Author-Name: Mirjana Žabić Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina Author-Name: Tihomir Predić Author-Workplace-Name: PI Agricultural Institute of Republic of Srpska, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina Author-Name: Milan Šipka Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina Author-Name: Luka Rodić Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture, University of Banja Luka, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina Title: Adsorption of nicosulfuron herbicide in the agricultural soils of Bosnia and Herzegovina Abstract: In this study, the sorption characteristics of nicosulfuron herbicide in soils from different agricultural regions of Bosnia and Herzegovina, as well as factors influencing the sorption process, were evaluated. The analysis was performed using a batch equilibrium method. The obtained results showed that soils in Bosnia and Herzegovina are very versatile in terms of their characteristics. The Freundlich adsorption coefficient (Kf) coefficient ranged from 0.027 to 7.388, while the slope of the Freundlich isotherm (1/n) varied from 0.291 to 1.927. In soils with pH 4.31-7.60, 1/n was found to be less than 1 (0.337-0.547), and for the extremely alkaline soil with pH 8.2, 1/n was 1.927. Adsorption of nicosulfuron in the tested soils of Bosnia and Herzegovina was significantly correlated with the sand and silt content in the soil. Multiple linear regression correlating log Kf with the sand and silt content in the studied soils was also statistically significant (R2 = 0.951; P = 0.0108). The results of this study indicate that in sandy soils, which are slightly or moderately alkaline, the adsorption of nicosulfuron is very low and only a small amount of nicosulfuron will be adsorbed. Keywords: sulfonylurea, leaching potential, physico-chemical properties Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 162-166 Volume: 66 Issue: 4 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/80/2020-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/80/2020-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202004-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:66:y:2020:i:4:id:80-2020-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Fa Wang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, P.R. China Author-Name: Zhijian Mu Author-Workplace-Name: Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agriculture and Environment Research, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, P.R. China Author-Name: Tao Guo Author-Workplace-Name: College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, P.R. China Author-Name: Aiying Huang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing, P.R. China Author-Name: Xiao Lin Author-Workplace-Name: College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, P.R. China Author-Name: Xiaojun Shi Author-Workplace-Name: College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, P.R. China Author-Name: Jiupai Ni Author-Workplace-Name: College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, P.R. China Title: Effect of long-term differentiated fertilisation regimes on greenhouse gas emissions from a subtropical rice-wheat cropping system Abstract: A field campaign was conducted using six treatments under the summer rice-winter wheat cultivation system to evaluate the response of soil greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to long-term differentiated fertilisation regimes. The treatments included control, phosphorus plus potassium, nitrogen only, nitrogen plus phosphorus (NP), nitrogen plus potassium, and NP plus potassium (NPK). Compared to the control, mineral fertilisation increased CH4 emissions during the rice season by 69% to 175%. Phosphorus amendment also enhanced seasonal CO2 emissions by 21% to 34% when compared with the treatments without receiving P, while combined use of P and potassium suppressed seasonal N2O emission to the same level of control. Net CO2 and N2O emissions from the dried fallow and wheat seasons and CH4 emissions from the flooding rice season dominated annual budgets of individual GHGs. All of the soils under different treatments were net sources of global warming and the overall net global warming potential ranged from 9 799 to 14 178 kg CO2 eq/ha/year with CO2 emission contributing 52% to 76%, CH4 contributing 20% to 40% and N2O occupying the rest. The annual maximum grain yields and minimum GHG intensity was observed at the NPK treatment, suggesting it to be the environmental-friendly optimum fertilisation regime. Keywords: carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, fertilisers, global warming effect Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 167-174 Volume: 66 Issue: 4 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/693/2019-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/693/2019-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202004-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:66:y:2020:i:4:id:693-2019-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tri Handayani Author-Workplace-Name: GraduateSchool of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan Author-Workplace-Name: IndonesianVegetable Research Institute, Lembang, West Bandung, West Java, Indonesia Author-Name: Kazuo Watanabe Author-Workplace-Name: Tsukuba-Plant Innovation Research Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan Title: The combination of drought and heat stress has a greater effect on potato plants than single stresses Abstract: Several research groups have examined the effects of drought stress and heat stress on potato, but few investigations of the effects of combined drought-heat stress have been reported. Using five potato lines, the potato plants' responses to drought stress, heat stress, as well as combined drought-heat stress were studied, to get the insight in phenotypic shift due to abiotic stresses. The experiment was conducted as a growth room experimental under non-stress and abiotic stresses (drought, heat, and combined drought-heat) conditions. The results demonstrated that potato plants responded to the abiotic stresses by decreasing their plant height, leaf size, cell membrane stability, and relative water content (RWC). However, increasing their leaf chlorophyll content under drought and combined drought-heat stresses. Generally, the combined drought-heat stress had a greater effect on the tested traits. The potato line L1 (84.194.30) showed the lowest level of wilting in all three types of abiotic stress, supported by a small RWC change compared to the control condition; L1 is thus considered relatively tolerant to abiotic stress. The potato lines' different responses to each type of abiotic stress indicate that the potato lines have different levels of sensitivity to each abiotic stress. Keywords: abiotic stress-related trait, phenotypic change, Solanum tuberosum L., tolerance Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 175-182 Volume: 66 Issue: 4 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/126/2020-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/126/2020-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202004-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:66:y:2020:i:4:id:126-2020-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Lu-Lu Meng Author-Workplace-Name: Collegeof Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, P.R. China Author-Name: Jia-Dong He Author-Workplace-Name: Collegeof Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, P.R. China Author-Name: Ying-Ning Zou Author-Workplace-Name: Collegeof Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, P.R. China Author-Name: Qiang-Sheng Wu Author-Workplace-Name: Collegeof Horticulture and Gardening, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic Author-Name: Kamil Kuča Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Králové, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic Title: Mycorrhiza-released glomalin-related soil protein fractions contribute to soil total nitrogen in trifoliate orange Abstract: Glomalin released from arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) has important roles in soil nutrient cycles, whereas contributing to glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP) fractions to soil nitrogen (N) is unknown. In this study, a two-chambered root-box that was divided into root chamber (root and mycorrhizal fungi hypha) and hypha chamber (free of the root) was used, and three AMF species including Diversispora epigaea, Paraglomus occultum, and Rhizoglomus intraradices were separately inoculated into the root chamber. Plant growth, soil total N, N content of purified GRSP fractions, and its contribution to soil total N, and leaf and root N contents were analysed. After four months, total biomass and root total length, surface area, and volume were improved by all AMF inoculations. AMF inoculations dramatically increased soil total N content in two chambers. The N content of purified easily extractable GRSP (EE-GRSP) and difficultly extractable GRSP (DE-GRSP) was 0.10 ± 0.01 mg/g and 0.16 ± 0.02 mg/g, respectively, accounted for 15.6 ± 1.6% and 18.1 ± 1.8% of soil total N, respectively. AMF inoculations stimulated the N accumulation in EE-GRSP and DE-GRSP, especially in the hypha chamber. It concluded that GRSP, especially DE-GRSP, acts as a soil N pool accounting for 33.8 ± 1.9% of soil total N in orchards. Keywords: arbuscular mycorrhizas fungi, citrus, glycoprotein, macronutrient, symbiosis Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 183-189 Volume: 66 Issue: 4 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/100/2020-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/100/2020-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202004-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:66:y:2020:i:4:id:100-2020-PSE