Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Nelino Florida Rofner Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Science in Soil and Water Conservation, Faculty of Renewable Natural Resources, National Agrarian University of the Jungle, Tingo María, Peru Author-Name: Gerardo Acuña Núñez Author-Workplace-Name: Cordillera Azul National Park - CIMA Cordillera Azul, National Service of Natural Protected Areas by the State-SERNANP, Tarapoto, Peru Title: Soil quality with traditional management in the Chambira native community Abstract: The traditional management applied by the Native Community of Chambira (NCCh) is based on agroforestry plots with diverse species and areas with rotation of legumes, cassava and maize. The objective was to evaluate behaviour of the physicochemical indicators of soil quality with traditional crop management in the NCCh. A completely randomised design was applied, where the treatments were traditional mixed fruit management (MF), crop rotation (CR) and native forest (NF) as reference. Physical indicators of the surface layer did not show differences, the apparent density (AD) and the resistance to penetrability (RP) increased with depth; chemical indicators differed in the MF and CR had higher results compared to NF. The AD and RP had a significant negative correlation with soil organic carbon (SOC) and positive correlation between SOC, P, Ca, Mg, K available and cation exchange capacity. The MF and CR managements developed in the NCCh are techniques with great potential for soil conservation. Keywords: farming system, monoculture, soil fertility, species diversity, soil properties Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 375-380 Volume: 66 Issue: 8 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/144/2020-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/144/2020-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202008-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:66:y:2020:i:8:id:144-2020-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Marie Eliášová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Zora Kotíková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jaromír Lachman Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Matyáš Orsák Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Petr Martinek Author-Workplace-Name: Agrotest Fyto, Ltd., Kroměříž, Czech Republic Title: Influence of baking on anthocyanin content in coloured-grain wheat bread Abstract: Composition and degradation of anthocyanins in blue and purple grain wheat during bread production were investigated using the HPLC-MS/MS method. The most abundant anthocyanins were delphinidin-3-rutinoside (blue grain wheat), cyanidin-3-glucoside and peonidin-3-glucoside (purple grain wheat). Peonidin-3-glucoside was also the most stable during grain treatment while delphinidin-3-glucoside had the greatest loss. Both blue and purple grain anthocyanins decreased significantly during bread production to 41.81% and 70.10% after baking, respectively, and to 24.21% and 60.00% after short-term storage, respectively. The blue grain wheat anthocyanins were lost mostly during baking, but in the purple grain wheat, the greatest decrease occurred during dough production. Despite the higher degradation, the blue grain wheat still showed higher anthocyanins content. Keywords: antioxidants, cereals, high temperature, Triticum aestivum L., vacuolar pigments, thermal treatment Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 381-386 Volume: 66 Issue: 8 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/210/2020-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/210/2020-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202008-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:66:y:2020:i:8:id:210-2020-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Xiaoli Zhou Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, P.R. China Author-Name: Jingang Liang Author-Workplace-Name: Development Center of Science and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, P.R. China Author-Name: Ying Luan Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, P.R. China Author-Name: Xinyuan Song Author-Name: Zhengguang Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, and Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing, P.R. China Title: The influence of genetically modified glyphosate-tolerant maize CC-2 on rhizosphere bacterial communities revealed by MiSeq sequencing Abstract: Genetically modified (GM) crops have brought huge economic benefits to mankind, however, at the same time, their safety issues are drawing growing attention. This investigation was conducted to assess whether the long-term cultivation of GM glyphosate resistant maize CC-2 effects bacterial communities in the rhizosphere soil. A 2-year follow-up trial was conducted, and soils were sampled at various plant developmental stages. The bacterial community structure of the rhizosphere soil was analysed by the high-throughput sequencing and compared with the near-isogenic non-GM maize Zheng 58. We showed here that long-term cultivation of CC-2 has no significant effect on the structure and diversity of bacterial communities, while different growth stages had significant effect. These results provided a reliable theoretical basis for the future cultivation and increased commercialisation of CC-2. Keywords: Zea mays L., soil-plant ekosystem, soil microbiota, soil microorganisms, 16S rRNA gene sequencing Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 387-394 Volume: 66 Issue: 8 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/216/2020-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/216/2020-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202008-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:66:y:2020:i:8:id:216-2020-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Beata Grygierzec Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agroecology and Plant Production, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Kraków, Poland Author-Name: Kamila Musiał Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Production Systems and Environment, National Research Institute of Animal Production, Balice, Poland Author-Name: Lidia Luty Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Statistics and Social Policy, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Kraków, Poland Title: Sowing ratio, NS fertilisation and interactions of Lolium sp. and Festulolium grown in mixtures with Trifolium repens Abstract: Current ecological trends for production of forage for livestock indicate a need for small usage of fertilisers while increasing productivity. The study aimed to assess yield and interactions of selected Lolium and Festulolium species grown in mixtures with Trifolium repens and fertilised with NS, regarding mutual interactions based on available indicators. A two-year field study (2016-2017) was carried out in southern Poland and the research objects were designed on degraded chernozems. The highest yield was observed for mixtures: L. multiflorum + T. repens and L. × boucheanum + T. repens sown in the proportion 50:50, fertilised with N50S15. The mean dry matter yield was higher in the 1st year of the study, in all variants of fertilisation and types of mixtures. The land equivalent ratio differed for species in individual objects, for individual cuts and study years, and was most often higher than 1.0, which points to a positive interference between species in mixtures. Also, the competitive ratio index was often higher than 1.0, which means that grass species were more competitive than white clover. However, in the second year of study T. repens was dominant in multiple objects. Keywords: grasses, legume, dry matter yield, nutrients, competition interactions Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 395-402 Volume: 66 Issue: 8 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/82/2020-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/82/2020-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202008-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:66:y:2020:i:8:id:82-2020-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Paul Schabl Author-Workplace-Name: Instituteof Soil Science, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Tulln an der Donau, Austria Author-Workplace-Name: Bio-ferm GmbH, Getzersdorf, Austria Author-Name: Christoph Gabler Author-Workplace-Name: Division of Viticulture, School of Viticulture and Pomology, Krems, Austria Author-Name: Erhard Kührer Author-Workplace-Name: Division of Viticulture, School of Viticulture and Pomology, Krems, Austria Author-Name: Walter Wenzel Author-Workplace-Name: Instituteof Soil Science, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Tulln an der Donau, Austria Title: Effects of silicon amendments on grapevine, soil and wine Abstract: Replacing Bordeaux broth and synthetic fungicides by less invasive approaches of fungal disease control remains a challenge for both conventional and organic viticulture. Silicon (Si) application has been proposed as a viable alternative for the control of pathogens and other stresses in agriculture. In a three-year field trial, we tested the effect of foliar and soil application of colloidal silicon on its availability in vineyard soil and pants, the performance and quality of yield, and finally, the control of powdery mildew for grapevine cv. Grüner Veltliner. Soil application of colloidal silicon increased plant-available Si, but only foliar application increased the total silicon concentrations in leaves, yield, and cluster weight. Moreover, the wine produced from the silica-treated grapes were ranked better in sensory evaluations. Our findings provide evidence for the potential of at least partially replacing conventional fungicides, rendering viticulture more sustainable in terms of soil protection and biodiversity. Silicon applications are low in costs and comply with the principles of organic wine production. Keywords: Vitis vinifera, colloidal silicon, plant nutrition, biostimulant, wine quality Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 403-414 Volume: 66 Issue: 8 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/40/2020-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/40/2020-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202008-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:66:y:2020:i:8:id:40-2020-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Jan Buczek Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Plant Production, University of Rzeszow, Rzeszow, Poland Title: Quality and productivity of hybrid wheat depending on the tillage practices Abstract: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of soil tillage systems on technological characteristics, mineral composition and grain yield of selected hybrid wheat cultivars grown in variable climatic conditions. The following factors were studied: tillage systems, namely conventional (CT), reduced (RT) and no tillage (NT) and hybrid cultivars of winter wheat (Hyfi, Hybiza and Hystar). Cvs. Hyfi and Hybiza were characterised by good technological parameters and protein quality, and additionally by a higher Fe and Zn content and a higher grain yield than cv. Hystar. Meteorological conditions (rainfall total 414.9 mm, mean temperature 8.8 °C) during the growing season caused an increase in the yield of grain, protein, gluten and Zeleny test as well as the total gliadins and glutenins. Higher rainfall reduced grain quality and Fe and Zn content, while precipitation deficits reduced grain yield. Quality parameters and grain yield, as well as total gliadins and glutenins in CT and RT were similar, and significantly higher compared with NT. Soil tillage systems did not differentiate mineral composition, except for the higher content of Fe in CT as well as the content of albumins and globulins, α/β, ω gliadins and low molecular weight (LMW) glutenins and protein fraction ratios in grain. Keywords: Triticum aestium L., agronomic factor, weather condition, macronutrients, micronutrients, fertilisation Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 415-420 Volume: 66 Issue: 8 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/266/2020-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/266/2020-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202008-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:66:y:2020:i:8:id:266-2020-PSE