Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Veronika Zemanová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Daniela Pavlíková Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Milan Pavlík Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agro-Environmental Chemistry and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Workplace-Name: Isotope Laboratory, Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Free amino acid regulation in fronds and roots of two Pteris cretica L. ferns under arsenic stress Abstract: In the present study, free amino acid (AA) regulation in the arsenic (As) hyperaccumulating ferns was evaluated in a pot experiment to determine the relationship between As stress and the characteristic change in metabolism of AAs. The ferns Pteris cretica cv. Albo-lineata (Pc-Al) and cv. Parkerii (Pc-Pa) were exposed to As treatments at 0, 20, 100, and 250 mg As/kg for 90 days. Greater As content, as well as higher biomass production, were identified in Pc-Al compared with Pc-Pa. Ferns showed changes in the stress metabolism of free AA homeostasis. These results indicate a disturbance in nitrogen metabolism and depletion of pool assimilated carbon metabolism. In the fronds and roots, Pc-Pa accumulated higher amounts of free AAs than Pc-Al. The total free AA content, as well as the ratio of the main AA family pathway (glutamate family), were increased by the accumulation of toxic As in the ferns. Results suggest that Pc-Al tolerates higher As doses better due to changes in AA biosynthesis; however, at higher As doses, Pc-Pa upregulated AA biosynthesis due to As toxicity. The most abundant free AAs of ferns was glutamine, which was enhanced by As. Furthermore, the ratios of selected individual free AAs revealed a characteristic phenotype difference between ferns. Keywords: amide, metalloid, pyruvate family, serine family, shikimate family, toxicity Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 483-492 Volume: 66 Issue: 10 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/369/2020-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/369/2020-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202010-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:66:y:2020:i:10:id:369-2020-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Binbin Tang Author-Workplace-Name: Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Yunnan Research Center of Biogas Technology and Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Jilin Dongsheng Institute of Biomass Energy Engineering, Tonghua, P.R. China Author-Name: Yaojun Dong Author-Workplace-Name: Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Yunnan Research Center of Biogas Technology and Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Jilin Dongsheng Institute of Biomass Energy Engineering, Tonghua, P.R. China Author-Name: Kai Wu Author-Workplace-Name: Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Yunnan Research Center of Biogas Technology and Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Jilin Dongsheng Institute of Biomass Energy Engineering, Tonghua, P.R. China Author-Name: Mimi He Author-Workplace-Name: Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Yunnan Research Center of Biogas Technology and Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Jilin Dongsheng Institute of Biomass Energy Engineering, Tonghua, P.R. China Author-Name: Jianfeng Liu Author-Workplace-Name: Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Yunnan Research Center of Biogas Technology and Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Jilin Dongsheng Institute of Biomass Energy Engineering, Tonghua, P.R. China Author-Name: Fang Yin Author-Workplace-Name: Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Yunnan Research Center of Biogas Technology and Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Jilin Dongsheng Institute of Biomass Energy Engineering, Tonghua, P.R. China Author-Name: Wudi Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Yunnan Research Center of Biogas Technology and Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Jilin Dongsheng Institute of Biomass Energy Engineering, Tonghua, P.R. China Author-Name: Ming Gong Author-Workplace-Name: Yunnan Normal University, Kunming, P.R. China Title: Crop rotation alleviates replant failure in Panax notoginseng (Burkill) F.H. Chen by changing the composition but not the structure of the microbial community Abstract: Consecutive monocropping with sanqi (Panax notoginseng (Burkill) F.H. Chen) can increase the abundances of pathogens in soil, resulting in soil sickness. Crop rotation is one way to alleviate this problem. In the present study, there were no differences in microbial structure or bacterial alpha diversity among one-year monocropping soil, one-year rotation soil, and ten-year rotation soil. However, monocropping practices decreased fungal alpha diversity. The relative abundance of copiotrophic bacteria decreased after sanqi monocropping, while that of oligotrophic bacteria increased. Ten-year rotation significantly increased the abundance of potential beneficial bacterial genera. Moreover, the potential beneficial fungal genera were also enriched by rotation for ten years. Furthermore, the relative abundance of Cylindrocarpon spp. decreased dramatically after a ten-year rotation. The results of pot experiments showed that disease incidences after ten-year rotation were significantly decreased among the three treatments. Hence, we suggested that pausing sanqi cultivation for a long time can increase the abundance of potentially beneficial soil bacteria and fungi that are helpful for overcoming soil sickness in sanqi cultivation. Keywords: medicinal herb, microflora, rotation, phytopathogen, microorganism, pathogenic fungi Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 493-499 Volume: 66 Issue: 10 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/320/2020-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/320/2020-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202010-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:66:y:2020:i:10:id:320-2020-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Piotr Szulc Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agronomy, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland Author-Name: Przemysław Barłóg Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Environmental Biogeochemistry, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland Author-Name: Katarzyna Ambroży-Deręgowska Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Mathematical and Statistical Methods, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland Author-Name: Iwona Mejza Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Mathematical and Statistical Methods, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland Author-Name: Joanna Kobus-Cisowska Author-Workplace-Name: Poznań University of Life Sciences, Department of Gastronomy Sciences and Functional Foods, Poznań, Poland Author-Name: Marta Ligaj Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Industrial Products and Packaging Quality, Poznań University of Economics and Business, Poznań, Poland Title: Effect of phosphorus application technique on effectiveness indices of its use in maize cultivation Abstract: The study presents results of 4-year field trials; their purpose was to assess the effectiveness indices of phosphorus recovery in maize cultivation depending on the depth of two-component fertiliser (NP) placement in the soil layer, type of nitrogen fertiliser (ammonium nitrate and urea) and time point of the application. The hypothesis of the experiment assumed that different depth of NP fertiliser placement improved the indices of phosphorus application in maize cultivation. Row fertilisation with two-component NP fertiliser, regardless of the year, clearly affected phosphorus accumulation (uptake) with grain yield. The recovery metabolism index, i.e., the phosphorus recovery of a mineral fertiliser component was at a low level (on average < 12%). Row application, regardless of the depth of fertiliser placement, was more effective in relation to broadcast sowing. The index of agricultural efficiency of phosphorus confirms the significant impact of the depth of NP fertiliser placement at 5 cm in the soil as optimal for agricultural practice. The use of nitrogen in maize cultivation before sowing, compared to the application of this component at the BBCH 15/16 stage, significantly increases agricultural effectiveness of phosphorus applied as mineral fertiliser. The placement of NP fertiliser deep in the soil profile was more effective compared to traditional broadcast fertilisation. The method of fertiliser application in maize cultivation can thus be a tool increasing cultivation profitability in both economic and environmental terms. Keywords: Zea mays L., macronutrient, deficiency, field experiment, soil moisture, precipitation Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 500-505 Volume: 66 Issue: 10 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/133/2020-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/133/2020-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202010-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:66:y:2020:i:10:id:133-2020-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Feiyan Yu Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, P.R. China Author-Name: Wei Li Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, P.R. China Author-Name: Xiaokai Gao Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, P.R. China Author-Name: Peng Li Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, P.R. China Author-Name: Yihan Fu Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural College, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, P.R. China Author-Name: Jinyong Yang Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Luoyang Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Environmental Ecology, Luoyang, Henan, P.R. China Author-Name: Yajuan Li Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Luoyang Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Environmental Ecology, Luoyang, Henan, P.R. China Author-Name: Huiqing Chang Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Luoyang Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Environmental Ecology, Luoyang, Henan, P.R. China Author-Name: Wenli Zhou Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Luoyang Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Environmental Ecology, Luoyang, Henan, P.R. China Author-Name: Xugang Wang Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Luoyang Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Environmental Ecology, Luoyang, Henan, P.R. China Author-Name: Lianhe Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: Agricultural College, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Luoyang Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Environmental Ecology, Luoyang, Henan, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Henan Jinxiwang Agricultural Science and Technology Company Limited, Luoyang, Henan, P.R. China Title: Genotype difference in the physiological characteristics of phosphorus acquisition by wheat seedlings in alkaline soils Abstract: Phosphorus (P) in soils occurs predominately as insoluble inorganic P and organic P. However, key factors controlling P acquisition by wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) seedlings are unclear. In this study, the difference in the physiological characteristics of P acquisition in alkaline soils was investigated in wheat seedlings of two cultivars Aikang 58 and Zhoumai 22. The results indicated that the shoot P concentration of Aikang 58 was significantly higher than that of Zhoumai 22 when supplied with 0 and 70 kg/ha of pure P under field conditions. When cultured in sterile nutrition solutions with equimolar amounts of P corresponding to KH2PO4, Ca3(PO4)2, and Ca(H2PO4)2 for 6 days, the P concentration in the shoots and roots of the seedlings of Aikang 58 was significantly higher than that of Zhoumai 22. However, the P concentration of seedlings of Aikang 58 did not exhibit a significant difference than that of Zhoumai 22 when cultured in phytic acid solution. Further studies suggested that the proton secretion rate was higher, and the root phosphatase activity was significantly lower in Aikang 58 compared with those in Zhoumai 22. After 48 h of successive P starvation, the inorganic phosphate (Pi) uptake rate of Aikang 58 was significantly higher compared with that of Zhoumai 22. However, no significant differences existed in the root morphology between the two cultivars. Hence, the higher P acquisition in the wheat seedlings of Aikang 58 was attributed to a higher rate of proton secretion and a stronger capacity for Pi uptake. Keywords: P fertiliser, P form, calcareous soil, utilisation efficiency, P-efficient wheat cultivar Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 506-512 Volume: 66 Issue: 10 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/348/2020-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/348/2020-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202010-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:66:y:2020:i:10:id:348-2020-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Renata Cristiane Pereira Author-Workplace-Name: Agronomy Department, State University of Maringá - UEM, Paraná, Brazil Author-Name: Murilo Fuentes Pelloso Author-Workplace-Name: Agronomy Department, State University of Maringá - UEM, Paraná, Brazil Author-Name: Larissa Vinis Correia Author-Workplace-Name: Agronomy Department, State University of Maringá - UEM, Paraná, Brazil Author-Name: Thaisa Cavalieri Matera Author-Workplace-Name: Agronomy Department, State University of Maringá - UEM, Paraná, Brazil Author-Name: Rayssa Fernanda dos Santos Author-Workplace-Name: Agronomy Department, State University of Maringá - UEM, Paraná, Brazil Author-Name: Alessandro Lucca Braccini Author-Workplace-Name: Agronomy Department, State University of Maringá - UEM, Paraná, Brazil Author-Name: Géssica Gaboardi De Bastiani Author-Workplace-Name: Agronomy Department, State University of Maringá - UEM, Paraná, Brazil Author-Name: Carla Coppo Author-Workplace-Name: Agronomy Department, State University of Maringá - UEM, Paraná, Brazil Author-Name: Breno Gabriel da Silva Author-Workplace-Name: Exact Sciences Department, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil Title: Physiological quality of soybean seeds treated with imidacloprid before and after storage Abstract: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of different slurry volume of imidacloprid insecticide on the physiological potential during the storage of seeds of three soybean cultivars. A completely randomised experimental design was adopted, in a 6 × 3 × 2 factorial scheme, which treatments were six slurry volumes with imidacloprid insecticide (0, 200, 500, 800, 1 100 and 1 400 mL/100 kg of seeds), 3 soybean cultivars (SYN15630, M5947, and NS5959) and 2 storage periods (0 and 30 days after seed treatment), with four replications. The treated seeds were stored in kraft paper bags with controlled temperature and humidity. The physiological potential of the seeds was evaluated by standard germination test, electrical conductivity, accelerated aging, seedling emergence in the sand seedbed, and the field. The germination and vigor of soybean seeds were reduced during storage, especially with the increase in the volumes of the insecticide solution. Keywords: Glycine max (L.) Merrill, neonicotinoid, deleterious effect, imbibition, deterioration Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 513-518 Volume: 66 Issue: 10 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/364/2020-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/364/2020-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202010-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:66:y:2020:i:10:id:364-2020-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Douglas MacKinnon Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Maribor, Hoče, Slovenia Author-Name: Viljem Pavlovič Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Maribor, Hoče, Slovenia Author-Name: Barbara Čeh Author-Workplace-Name: Slovenian Institute of Hop Research and Brewing, Žalec, Slovenia Author-Name: Boštjan Naglič Author-Workplace-Name: Slovenian Institute of Hop Research and Brewing, Žalec, Slovenia Author-Name: Martin Pavlovič Author-Workplace-Name: Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Maribor, Hoče, Slovenia Author-Workplace-Name: Slovenian Institute of Hop Research and Brewing, Žalec, Slovenia Title: The impact of weather conditions on alpha-acid content in hop (Humulus lupulus L.) cv. Aurora Abstract: The influence of four main weather attributes on the content of alpha-acids of the hop cv. Aurora for the period 1994-2019 was studied. By analysing correlation coefficients, specific times of the year when the weather conditions affect the alpha-acid content with the goal of creating a forecasting model in Slovenia were identified. The most significant periods of weather that impacted the alpha-acid contents throughout the growing time of year are recognised as attributes of temperatures (T), rainfall (R) and sunshine (S) calculated from the 25th to 30th week (T2530, r = -0.78, P < 0.01; R2529, r = 0.72, P < 0.01 and S2529, r = -0.81, P < 0.01) and attributes of relative humidity (RH) from the 27th to 32nd week (RH2732, r = 0.82, P < 0.01). T2530 stands for the amount of active temperatures from June 18 to July 29. Likewise, R2530 matches to the precipitation (in mm or L/m2) during the same time period. Keywords: hop quality, α -acids, brewing process, biosynthesis, vegetative period Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 519-525 Volume: 66 Issue: 10 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/344/2020-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/344/2020-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202010-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:66:y:2020:i:10:id:344-2020-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Weihu Lin Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China Author-Name: Jianjun Wang Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Forest Pest Control and Quarantine Bureau of Gansu, Lanzhou, P.R. China Author-Name: Chong Xu Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China Author-Name: Dongdong Duan Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China Author-Name: Wenbo Xu Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China Author-Name: Pei Tian Author-Workplace-Name: State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, P.R. China Title: Effects of Epichloë endophyte and repeated cutting on nutrition compositions of Festuca sinensis Abstract: The presence of Epichloë endophyte can promote plant growth and increase the accumulation of host plant nutrients. We determined the dry matter (DM) and important nutritional indicators of E+ (infected by endophyte) and E- (not infected by endophyte) Festuca sinensis under the three-time repeated cutting. The results indicated that the total nitrogen, total phosphorus, crude protein (CP), crude fat (CF), crude ash (CA) contents, and DM of F. sinensis decreased with the repeated cutting increase and reached the minimum after the third time cut. The total organic carbon content of F. sinensis peaked at the second time cut. In addition, the DM of F. sinensis was significant (P < 0.05) positively correlated with its quality CP, CF, and CA contents, and the appropriate repeated cutting times of F. sinensis was 1-2 times. We concluded that the presence of endophyte and proper cutting frequency can increase the quality and biomass of F. sinensis in Western China. Keywords: symbioses, grassland management, forage quality, perennial grass, agronomic performance Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 526-532 Volume: 66 Issue: 10 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/444/2020-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/444/2020-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202010-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:66:y:2020:i:10:id:444-2020-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Abeer Hamdy Elhakem Title: Salicylic acid ameliorates salinity tolerance in maize by regulation of phytohormones and osmolytes Abstract: Salinity is one of the most widespread stresses responsible for water and soil pollution across the globe. Salicylic acid (SA) has a major role in defence responses against various abiotic stresses. In the current study, SA (0.05 mmol) influences were evaluated in mitigation of the negative impact of salinity (40 and 80 mmol NaCl) in the maize plant. NaCl stress-induced significant accumulation of organic osmolytes (total soluble sugars (TSS), total soluble protein (TSP), and proline) by 35.6, 66.2, and 89.2%, respectively, with 80 mmol NaCl. In addition, salinity is also responsible for the elevated accumulation of inorganic osmolytes (Na+ and Na+/K+ ratio) by 202.4% and 398.8%, respectively, and for the reduction in the K+ and Ca2+ levels by 48.6% and 58.9%, respectively, with 80 mmol NaCl. Moreover, salinity stress reduced phytohormones (indoleacetic acid (IAA) and gibberellic acid (GA3)) by 48.8% and 59.8%, respectively, with 80 mmol NaCl; however, abscisic acid (ABA) was increased by 340.5% with 80 mmol NaCl. Otherwise, SA application caused an additional enhancement in TSS, TSP, proline, K+, Ca2+, IAA, and GA3 contents but decreased the Na+, Na+/K+ ratio, and ABA to an appreciable level. In conclusion, SA pre-soaking mitigates the negative impact of NaCl toxicity in maize through the regulation of phytochromes and various organic and inorganic osmolytes, which may ameliorate salinity tolerance in maize. Keywords: soil salinisation, salt stress, osmoprotectant, adaptation, salt-sensitive C4 species, organic and inorganic solutes, Zea mays L Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 533-541 Volume: 66 Issue: 10 Year: 2020 DOI: 10.17221/441/2020-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/441/2020-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202010-0008.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:66:y:2020:i:10:id:441-2020-PSE