Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Deyong Zhao Author-Workplace-Name: College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Bin Zhou University, Bin Zhou, P.R. China Author-Workplace-Name: Shandong Key Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Science for Yellow River Delta, Binzhou University, Binzhou, P.R. China Author-Name: Shuo Gao Author-Workplace-Name: College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Bin Zhou University, Bin Zhou, P.R. China Author-Name: Xiaolin Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Bin Zhou University, Bin Zhou, P.R. China Author-Name: Zaiwang Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Bin Zhou University, Bin Zhou, P.R. China Author-Name: Huanqiang Zheng Author-Workplace-Name: College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Bin Zhou University, Bin Zhou, P.R. China Author-Name: Kun Rong Author-Workplace-Name: College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Bin Zhou University, Bin Zhou, P.R. China Author-Name: Wangfeng Zhao Author-Workplace-Name: College of Biology and Environmental Engineering, Bin Zhou University, Bin Zhou, P.R. China Author-Name: Sabaz Ali Khan Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biotechnology, COMSATS University Islamabad-Abbottabad Campus, Title: Impact of saline stress on the uptake of various macro and micronutrients and their associations with plant biomass and root traits in wheat Abstract: The associations among ion uptake, root development and biomass under salt stress have not been fully understood. To study this, a pot experiment was conducted with the objective to determine the concentrations of sodium (Na), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe) and explore their associations with the biomass and root development by using eight wheat cultivars grown on control and salt stress treatments. About 6 folds increase Na+/K+ ratio in root, while 10 folds in the shoot were detected in salt stress compared to that for control. Ca, Mg, Zn concentrations in both root and shoot, and Fe concentration in the shoot were significantly changed by salt stress, except Fe concentration in the root. Principal component analysis revealed significant associations of these ions with the aboveground biomass and root traits. On salt stress treatment, the Na+/K+ ratio in shoot showed a significant negative correlation with root weight and aboveground biomass, while aboveground biomass correlated positively with lateral root length and root weight. A strategy towards manipulating the ion homeostasis, particularly Na+/K+, combined with selecting genotypes with better salt tolerance is of promise to alleviate the effects of salt stress. Keywords: salinity, Triticum aestivum L., nutrition accumulation, ions uptake, saline soil Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 61-70 Volume: 67 Issue: 2 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/467/2020-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/467/2020-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202102-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:67:y:2021:i:2:id:467-2020-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Milan Mirosavljević Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad, Serbia Author-Name: Sanja Mikić Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad, Serbia Author-Name: Ankica Kondić Špika Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad, Serbia Author-Name: Vesna Župunski Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Novi Sad, Serbia Author-Name: Rong Zhou Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Aarhus N, Denmark Author-Name: Lamis Abdelhakim Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Aarhus N, Denmark Author-Name: Carl-Otto Ottosen Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Food Science, Aarhus University, Aarhus N, Denmark Title: The effect of heat stress on some main spike traits in 12 wheat cultivars at anthesis and mid-grain filling stage Abstract: High temperature decreases winter wheat grain yield by reducing the grain number and grain weight. The effect of heat stress on spike grain distribution and weight of individual grains within spike and spikelets was less studied. Our aim is to identify influence of high temperatures during different phenological stages on spike grain distribution and weight and to explore genotypic variation of the studied wheat cultivars. Within this study, a controlled experiment was conducted with 12 different winter wheat cultivars under heat stress at anthesis and mid-grain filling stage. The results showed that spike grain weight, thousand-grain weight and grain number per spike decreased moderately in treatments with individual heat stress at anthesis and mid-grain filling period, respectively, which decreased severely in the multiple heat stressed plants at both stages compared with the control treatment. Heat stress decreased number of spikelets with grains. Grain weight at the G1, G2 and G3 positions had a positive relationship with spike grain weight. Among the studied Serbian wheat cultivars Subotičanka and Renesansa were identified as the most heat tolerant and sensitive, respectively. Heat tolerance of the studied cultivars should be based on the cultivar capacity to retain higher grain weight, and to maintain production of distal spikelet grains. Keywords: cereal, drought, extreme heat, flowering, global warming, Triticum aestivum L Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 71-76 Volume: 67 Issue: 2 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/457/2020-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/457/2020-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202102-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:67:y:2021:i:2:id:457-2020-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Radoslav Chipilski Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, Sadovo, Bulgaria Author-Name: Irina Moskova Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria Author-Name: Albena Pencheva Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, Sadovo, Bulgaria Author-Name: Konstantina Kocheva Author-Workplace-Name: Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria Title: Field priming with cytokinins enhances seed viability of wheat after low temperature storage Abstract: Field experiments were conducted with two winter wheat cultivars that were primed with 6-benzylaminopurine (6-BA) or kinetin at the concentration 10 mg/L twice during the grain filling stage. After priming, wheat physiological parameters were measured in the field, and the analysis of yield was performed after harvest. Harvested seeds were subjected to low temperature storage for 12 months at -18 °C simulating conservation conditions in genebanks. In field experiments, treated plants exhibited up to 14% higher productivity, higher fresh and dry weight, and chlorophyll content index of flag leaves. Priming significantly improved germination, seedling vigour and growth parameters. In 5-days-old seedlings developed from low temperature stored seeds of field primed plants, the average accumulation of malondialdehyde and H2O2 was estimated 25% lower, which contributed to higher cell membrane stability. These results correlated positively with growth characteristics of 15-days-old seedlings. The stimulating action of cytokinin priming was more pronounced in the modern cv. Geya-1 compared to the older cv. Sadovo 772 and could be attributed to improved anti-aging mechanism connected with better protection against oxidative damage. Keywords: phytohormone, cold storage, oxidative stress, seed conservation, Triticum aestivum L Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 77-84 Volume: 67 Issue: 2 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/524/2020-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/524/2020-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202102-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:67:y:2021:i:2:id:524-2020-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: David Bečka Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agroecology and Crop Production, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Lucie Bečková Author-Name: Perla Kuchtová Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agroecology and Crop Production, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Pavel Cihlář Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agroecology and Crop Production, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Kateřina Pazderů Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agroecology and Crop Production, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Vlastimil Mikšík Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agroecology and Crop Production, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Author-Name: Jan Vašák Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agroecology and Crop Production, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Prague, Czech Republic Title: Growth and yield of winter oilseed rape under strip-tillage compared to conventional tillage Abstract: Three-year field trials were conducted to compare the effect of three tillage systems: strip-tillage (ST), strip-tillage after mouldboard ploughing (STmp) and conventional tillage (CT) on growth and yield of winter oilseed rape at the experimental station in Červený Újezd, Czech Republic. Compared to CT, the growth of roots and aboveground biomass was slower (significantly thinner root necks, shorter roots and leaves) under ST at the beginning of vegetation (BBCH 14-18). Plants under ST still had significantly thinner root necks, and a lower number of leaves than plants from CT before winter (BBCH 21) but the differences were no longer statistically significant in spring (BBCH 30). Despite a slower start, the ST variant with an average yield of 5.47 t/ha significantly exceeded the CT variant with the yield being 5.06 t/ha. Conversely, plants grown under STmp had significantly longer leaves than those under CT in BBCH 14-18 and with the highest values of all parameters, tended to faster growth of biomass, although the other differences were not statistically significant. No differences were observed between STmp and CT in BBCH 21 and 30. The STmp variant achieved the highest yield 5.53 t/ha, and significantly exceeded the CT variant. Keywords: Brassica napus L., tillage practices, strip-tillage technology, root biomass, leaf biomass Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 85-91 Volume: 67 Issue: 2 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/492/2020-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/492/2020-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202102-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:67:y:2021:i:2:id:492-2020-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Kevein Ruas Oliveira Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Brazil Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Integrated Plant Protection, Faculty of Horticultural Sciences, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gödöllő, Hungary Author-Name: Fellipe Ramos Sampaio Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Brazil Author-Name: Giovano Sousa Siqueira Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Brazil Author-Name: Ícaro Monteiro Galvão Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Brazil Author-Name: Sarita Jane Bennett Author-Workplace-Name: School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Australia Author-Name: Priscila Lupino Gratão Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Biology Applied to Agriculture, Faculty of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences, São Paulo State University, Jaboticabal, Brazil Author-Name: Rafael Marani Barbosa Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, State University of Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Brazil Title: Physiological quality of soybean seeds grown under different low altitude field environments and storage time Abstract: The use of high-quality seeds is essential to maintain high rates of production and productivity. The physiological quality of seeds obtained in the field is directly correlated to storage conditions and storage time. This study aimed to evaluate the physiological quality of soybean seeds in relation to different field environments (seed lots) and storage time. Commercial lots of seeds of the soybean cultivar M8349 IPRO were stored for three and six months. Seed moisture content was determined before and after accelerated aging, along with seed germination percentage and vigour evaluations performed before and after each storage period. The experiment was carried out as a completely randomised factorial design (10 × 3): with ten seed lots and three storage periods. The data were analysed by ANOVA, and the means of four independent replicates for each parameter evaluated were compared using the Scott-Knott test at 5% probability (P ≤ 0.05). Our results revealed that the low altitude regions where the seed samples were collected are suitable for soybean seed production with high physiological quality. Seed storage for six months does not cause a significant reduction in subsequent soybean seed field performance. Keywords: Glycine max (L.) Merrill, deterioration, edapho-climatic conditions, germination, vigour Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 92-98 Volume: 67 Issue: 2 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/512/2020-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/512/2020-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202102-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:67:y:2021:i:2:id:512-2020-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ivan Suchara Author-Name: Julie Sucharová Author-Workplace-Name: Silva Tarouca Research Institute for Landscape and Ornamental Gardening, Průhonice, Czech Republic Author-Name: Marie Holá Author-Workplace-Name: Silva Tarouca Research Institute for Landscape and Ornamental Gardening, Průhonice, Czech Republic Title: Changes in selected physico-chemical properties of floodplain soils in three different land-use types after flooding Abstract: This article provides information on selected physico-chemical properties, including soil colour, texture, electrical conductivity, pHH2O, pHCaCl2, content of total carbon and Q4/6 quotient, of the topsoil and subsoil of former flood sediments at three diverse vegetation plots in a floodplain and in two reference plots unaffected by floods, and changes of some soil properties caused by a new subsequent flood. Aggradation of flood sediments in the area was controlled both by local terrain morphology and vegetation type cover. Differences in the properties of sediments in the individual plot types were caused by the different production of litter, root biomass and carbon cycling before the new flood. Vertical distributions and inventories of 137Cs in soils revealed the position and proportion of modern sediments in soil profiles, man-made filling of former erosion grooves and ploughing depths. The new flood of a lower hydrological power aggraded a thin layer of organo-clay sediment on the soil surface but showed minor effects on the investigated soil properties. The lowest dry bulk density and highest total porosity values were found in the topsoil of woody and grassy plots after the flood implying no substantial break down of soil aggregates by the flood. The highest dry bulk density values in the subsoil of fields indicated soil compaction from agricultural machinery. No increased soil salinity was found after the flood. The flood did not significantly affect the pHH2O of the topsoil and subsoil; however, a significant increase in pHCaCl2 was found for the topsoil of grassy plots and for all topsoil samples from the park. No significant increases in total carbon (Ctot) contents were found in topsoils of any plot types after the flood in spite of an accumulation of thin organo-clay material on the soil surface after the flood. However, significant increases in Ctot in subsoils of all plot types indicate the vertical migration of colloidal and dissolved organic carbon in soils during the flood. Ctot contents positively correlated with electrical conductivity values and negative correlated with pH values. The relatively minor changes in soil physico-chemical properties found after the flood can be explained by the short duration and small dynamic power of the flood, and the timing of sampling when the flood had receded and soil aeration was already being restored. Keywords: flood condition, contaminated soil, geomorphology, soil structure, alluvial plain Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 99-109 Volume: 67 Issue: 2 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/435/2020-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/435/2020-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202102-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:67:y:2021:i:2:id:435-2020-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Olivier Duboc Author-Workplace-Name: University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Institute of Soil Research, Tulln, Austria Author-Workplace-Name: University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Institute of Agronomy, Tulln, Austria Author-Name: Konrad Steiner Author-Workplace-Name: Höhere Bundeslehranstalt für Landwirtschaft Ursprung, Elixhausen, Austria Author-Name: Frank Radosits Author-Workplace-Name: University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Institute of Soil Research, Tulln, Austria Author-Name: Walter W. Wenzel Author-Workplace-Name: University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Institute of Soil Research, Tulln, Austria Author-Name: Walter Goessler Author-Workplace-Name: University of Graz, Institute of Chemistry, Graz, Austria Author-Name: Alexandra Tiefenbacher Author-Workplace-Name: Federal Agency for Water Management, Institute for Land and Water Management Research, Author-Name: Peter Strauss Author-Workplace-Name: Federal Agency for Water Management, Institute for Land and Water Management Research, Author-Name: Herbert Eigner Author-Name: Dietmar Horn Author-Name: Jakob Santner Author-Workplace-Name: University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Institute of Agronomy, Tulln, Austria Title: Field evaluation of a boron recycling fertiliser Abstract: Boron (B) is a plant nutrient and a limited mineral resource. Therefore, secondary B sources such as end-of-life cellulose fiber insulation (CFI) should be preferred for B fertiliser production over primary borates. In addition, crop B fertilisation is challenging because B is only weakly adsorbed in soils and prone to leaching in particular if the soil pH is below 7. The objectives of this study were to assess the effect of pyrolysed CFI (B-Biochar) on crop B uptake in the field and on B leaching in a lysimeter study. B-Biochar was pyrolysed at 600 °C and tested (1) in a field experiment with maize (Zea mays L.) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), and (2) in a lab microlysimeter experiment to study B leaching under simulated rainfall. In the field experiment, B concentration in plant tissue increased by up to 100% with B-Biochar compared to the control (from 29.6 to 61.6 mg B/kg in young sunflower leaves) and was only slightly lower (-10% to -20%) than with water-soluble Na-tetraborate (Borax). This lower uptake was attributed to the slow-release properties of the B-Biochar. In the lysimeter experiment, 41% and 55% of added B through B-Biochar was leached below 16 cm depth when fertilised with 1 and 2 kg B/ha, respectively, but B concentration of the leachate remained below the 1 mg B/L threshold value for drinking water in the European Union. In conclusion, CFI has a strong potential as a secondary B source for fertiliser production, and pyrolysis appears to be a suitable process for that purpose. During the processing of CFI to fertiliser, more focus should be given to slow B release in the future in order to reduce losses by leaching. Keywords: bioeconomy, circular economy, critical raw material, nutrient availability Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 110-119 Volume: 67 Issue: 2 Year: 2021 DOI: 10.17221/567/2020-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/567/2020-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202102-0007.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:67:y:2021:i:2:id:567-2020-PSE