Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ying Liu Author-Workplace-Name: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Xiqing District, Tianjin, P.R. China Author-Name: Zhengguo Song Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shantou University, Author-Name: Linsen Bai Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shantou University, Author-Name: Xipeng Chang Author-Workplace-Name: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Xiqing District, Tianjin, P.R. China Author-Name: Yalei Xu Author-Workplace-Name: School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tiangong University, Xiqing District, Tianjin, P.R. China Author-Name: Minling Gao Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shantou University, Title: Fe-Mn impregnated biochar alleviates di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate stress in vegetative growth of wheat Abstract: In this study, we examined the effects of 0.5-2% iron and manganese oxide-modified biochar (FM) as remediation to control di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) in the soil and the response of wheat at different growth stages. The application of FM and original biochar (BC) significantly reduced DEHP concentrations in wheat roots and leaves and effectively immobilised DEHP in soils at different stages, and alleviated the oxidative damage of DEHP by significantly reducing O2- and H2O2 content and increasing the activities of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase, catalase, and ascorbate peroxidase. Moreover, photosynthetic parameters (stomatal conductance, intercellular carbon dioxide concentration, photosynthetic rate, and transpiration rate) and fluorescence indicators (maximum photochemical efficiency, electron transport rate, and actual quantum yield) of the wheat growing in DEHP-spiked soils were also improved, which caused increases in the biomass of above-ground and underground at the seedling, booting, and ripening stages. Compared to BC, the FM amendment led to a greater improvement in crop biomass by reducing DEHP bioavailability. Therefore, FM has a good potential for the remediation of DEHP-polluted soils. Keywords: plasticiser, Hapli-Udic Argosol, toxic effects, crop plants, Triticum aestivum L Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 441-450 Volume: 68 Issue: 10 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/130/2022-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/130/2022-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202210-0001.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:68:y:2022:i:10:id:130-2022-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ming Liu Author-Workplace-Name: Xuzhou Sweetpotato Research Centre/National Agricultural Experimental Station for Soil Quality, Xuzhou, P.R. China Author-Name: Wenjing Fan Author-Workplace-Name: Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, P.R. China Author-Name: Rong Jin Author-Workplace-Name: Xuzhou Sweetpotato Research Centre/National Agricultural Experimental Station for Soil Quality, Xuzhou, P.R. China Author-Name: Peng Zhao Author-Workplace-Name: Xuzhou Sweetpotato Research Centre/National Agricultural Experimental Station for Soil Quality, Xuzhou, P.R. China Author-Name: Qiangqiang Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: Xuzhou Sweetpotato Research Centre/National Agricultural Experimental Station for Soil Quality, Xuzhou, P.R. China Author-Name: Xiaoya Zhu Author-Workplace-Name: Xuzhou Sweetpotato Research Centre/National Agricultural Experimental Station for Soil Quality, Xuzhou, P.R. China Author-Name: Jing Wang Author-Workplace-Name: Xuzhou Sweetpotato Research Centre/National Agricultural Experimental Station for Soil Quality, Xuzhou, P.R. China Author-Name: Aijun Zhang Author-Workplace-Name: Xuzhou Sweetpotato Research Centre/National Agricultural Experimental Station for Soil Quality, Xuzhou, P.R. China Author-Name: Zhonghou Tang Author-Workplace-Name: Xuzhou Sweetpotato Research Centre/National Agricultural Experimental Station for Soil Quality, Xuzhou, P.R. China Title: Effect of phosphorus application on economic yield, quality and phosphorus utilisation efficiency of purple-fleshed sweetpotato Abstract: This study aims to explore the effect of phosphorus (P) application on the economic yield, quality, P accumulation, and P utilisation efficiency of purple-fleshed sweetpotato and to provide a basis for the P efficient utilisation and high crop yield. Field experiments were conducted in 2018-2019, and five P application rates (0, 10.9, 21.8, 32.7, and 43.6 kg P/ha, expressed as P0, P1, P2, P3, and P4, respectively) were set. The results showed that P application significantly increased the yield and commodity potato yield of purple-fleshed sweetpotato, and that of P3 treatment was the highest, followed by P2 treatment. P application also increased the starch content in the storage root and increased the reducing sugar and soluble sugar (except for P2 treatment). P fertiliser supply significantly increased P accumulation and dry matter production of purple-fleshed sweetpotato during the growth period of 90 to 120 days. When the P application rate was over 21.8 kg/ha, the fertiliser investment rate, apparent P utilisation efficiency and P agronomic efficiency decreased with the increase of the application rate. Considering all the indexes, the supply of 21.8 kg/ha P fertiliser can meet the demand for high economic yield and P efficient utilisation in purple-fleshed type sweetpotato under the condition of this experiment. Keywords: food crops, macronutrient, fertiliser management, nutritional quality Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 451-458 Volume: 68 Issue: 10 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/173/2022-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/173/2022-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202210-0002.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:68:y:2022:i:10:id:173-2022-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Tobias Reineke Author-Workplace-Name: Osnabrück University of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Landscape Architecture, Osnabruck, Germany Author-Name: Diedrich Steffens Author-Workplace-Name: Justus Liebig University, Institute for Plant Nutrition, Research Center for Biosystems, Title: Phosphorus requirement of barley and wheat for seed and food quality Abstract: While geological phosphate reserves are continually depleting and effective phosphorus (P) recycling methods are still being developed, more efficient fertilisation of P can help to avoid unnecessary losses of this nutrient. In this way, environmental damage resulting from excessive P inputs to agricultural soils could also be reduced. The aim of this study is to identify a P concentration which is optimal for high seed quality of one cultivar of spring wheat and spring barley in addition to possessing a high nutritional value. While a critical threshold at 1.65 mg P/g grain for the studied barley cultivar has been identified, above which germination capacity and power were close to 100%, no such concentration was applicable to wheat. This concentration is well below the widely accepted doctrine, which calls for a P concentration of 2 mg/kg and could thus lead to a lower and thus more efficient use of the nutrient. Furthermore, in this study, an estimation of food quality by the molar ratio of phytate of the two micronutrients iron and zinc illustrates that such a concentration could only be found for zinc but not for iron. Keywords: cereals, macronutrient, bioavailability, phytic acid, nutritional quality Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 459-465 Volume: 68 Issue: 10 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/138/2022-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/138/2022-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202210-0003.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:68:y:2022:i:10:id:138-2022-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Denis Stajnko Author-Workplace-Name: Chair of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Maribor, Hoče, Slovenia Author-Name: Peter Berk Author-Workplace-Name: Chair of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Maribor, Hoče, Slovenia Author-Name: Andrej Orgulan Author-Workplace-Name: Laboratory for Power Engineering, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia Author-Name: Marko Gomboc Author-Workplace-Name: Chair of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Maribor, Hoče, Slovenia Author-Name: Damijan Kelc Author-Workplace-Name: Chair of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Maribor, Hoče, Slovenia Author-Name: Jurij Rakun Author-Workplace-Name: Chair of Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Maribor, Hoče, Slovenia Title: Growth and glucosinolate profiles of Eruca sativa (Mill.) (rocket salad) and Diplotaxis tenuifolia (L.) DC. under different LED lighting regimes Abstract: In this study, the growth and glucosinolate (GSL) profiles of rocket salad Eruca sativa (Mill.) and Diplotaxis tenuifolia (L.) DC. were determined during 30 days growing under different lighting regimes; T5_ peak at 545 nm, LED1_ peak at 631 nm and LED2_ peak at 598 nm. The biggest increase of dry weight (DW) was measured in E. sativa under T5 (0.657 g DW/plant) and the lowest in D. tenuifolia under LED1 (0.080 g DW/plant). GSL content was found to vary significantly, regardless of the light treatment, but it is related with genotype (E. sativa, r = 0.802**). On average, the highest amount of 4-methylsulfinylbutyl-GSL (glucosativin) (7.3248 mg/g DW) was quantified in E. sativa and D. tenuifolia (6.7428 mg/g DW) under the T5. The regression analysis between different light wavelengths and glucosinolates showed the strongest correlation between photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD_B) and 4-methylthiobutyl-GSL (glucoerucin) in E. sativa (r = 0.698*) and D. tenuifolia (r = 0.693*), respectively, which indicates the effect of light on the response of plants to induced stress and changes in GSL biosynthesis. Keywords: salad vegetables, antioxidant compounds, light, abiotic stress, phytohormone Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 466-478 Volume: 68 Issue: 10 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/44/2022-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/44/2022-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202210-0004.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:68:y:2022:i:10:id:44-2022-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Ekrem Bolukbasi Author-Workplace-Name: Department of Environmental Protection and Technologies, Suluova Vocational School, Amasya University, Amasya, Turkey Author-Workplace-Name: Central Research Laboratory, Amasya University, Amasya, Turkey Title: Influence of boron treatments on fatty acid desaturase metabolism in different safflower cultivars Abstract: This study investigated the expression levels of FAD2 genes important for the conversion of oleic acid to linoleic acid at cotyledon, root and leaf tissues of four different safflower cultivars (Olas, Remzibey, Dincer and Gokturk) subjected to B by qRT-PCR. Safflower species were grown in a controlled environmental growth chamber for 21 days and then exposed to different B concentrations ranging from 20 to 1 280 μmol for 24 h. RNA isolation, cDNA synthesis and RT-PCR analysis were performed on root, cotyledon and leaf tissues exposed to B stress for 24 h. It was determined that the expression levels of FAD2 genes decreased in the safflower cultivars exposed to increasing B concentrations. Under B stress conditions, the expression levels of FAD2 genes revealed an overall pattern of increase and reduction up to 160 μmol relative to the control group, and they reached the highest expression level. After 320 μmol, the activity of FAD2 genes was almost absent at increasing concentrations. All results show that the application of B causes significant changes in the expression of FAD2 genes and plays an important role in the defence mechanism against increased B toxicity. Keywords: Carthamus tinctorius L., boron stress, arid climate, biosynthesis, genotoxic effect Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 479-486 Volume: 68 Issue: 10 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/228/2022-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/228/2022-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202210-0005.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:68:y:2022:i:10:id:228-2022-PSE Template-Type: ReDIF-Article 1.0 Author-Name: Qi Zhou Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agronomy, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P.R. China Author-Name: Shuang Song Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agronomy, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P.R. China Author-Name: Xin Wang Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agronomy, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P.R. China Author-Name: Chao Yan Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agronomy, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P.R. China Author-Name: Chunmei Ma Author-Workplace-Name: College of Agronomy, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P.R. China Author-Name: Shoukun Dong Title: Effects of drought stress on flowering soybean physiology under different soil conditions Abstract: Soybean is highly sensitive to drought stress during its flowering period. Heinong84 (HN84) and Hefeng46 (HF46) were planted in clay loam, silty loam, and sandy clay. We studied the effects of drought stress on the content of membrane lipid peroxides in flowering soybean leaves, the activity of antioxidant enzymes, and the activity of key enzymes of nitrogen metabolism under different soil conditions. Our results showed that soybean had clear physiological responses to drought stress. With increasing drought stress, the malondialdehyde, glutathione reductase, and glutathione peroxidase levels in soybean leaves increased continuously. Superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, glutamine synthase, and glutamate synthase levels increased with drought stress, reaching a maximum under moderate drought stress and then decreased; nitrate reductase activity decreased continuously. Under the condition of sufficient water, the performance of soybean in the three soils is almost the same, but there are differences under drought stress; particularly, soybean grown in clay loam shows the strongest drought resistance. In summary, the physiological state of soybean is easily affected by drought stress, which varies greatly among different cultivars and in different soil types. Keywords: water deficit, crop, enzymatic activity, physiological characteristics Journal: Plant, Soil and Environment Pages: 487-498 Volume: 68 Issue: 10 Year: 2022 DOI: 10.17221/237/2022-PSE File-URL: http://pse.agriculturejournals.cz/doi/10.17221/237/2022-PSE.html File-Format: text/html X-File-Ref: http://agriculturejournals.cz/RePEc/caa/references/pse-202210-0006.txt Handle: RePEc:caa:jnlpse:v:68:y:2022:i:10:id:237-2022-PSE